Assortative Mating in Personality similarities and the Effect of Differences (Similarities) in Five-Factor Personality Traits and Dark Traits on Health Behaviors in Married and Cohabitating Couples

Abstract

Na uzorku od 188 heteroseksualnih parova ispitano je dolazi li kod partnera do uparivanja na temelju prave i/ili percipirane sličnosti u crtama ličnosti Petofaktorskog modela i crtama ličnosti Tamne trijade. Dodatno smo testirali i je li dobivena sličnost rezultat početnog uparivanja ili usličnjavanja i odražava li sličnost aktivno uparivanje ili socijalnu homogamiju. Ispitali smo i efekte samoprocijenjenih i procjenjenih razlika (sličnosti) partnera u crtama ličnosti Petofaktorskog modela i Tamne trijade na njihova protektivna zdravstvena ponašanja. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju na to da se partneri uparuju na temelju prave sličnosti u crtama ličnosti Petofaktorskog modela i Tamne trijade, kao i na temelju percipirane sličnosti u crtama Tamne trijade, dok se uparivanje na temelju percipirane sličnosti u crtama Petofaktorskog modela nije pokazalo značajnim, uz izuzetak savjesnosti. Rezultati istraživanja potvrdili su hipotezu o početnom i aktivnom uparivanju s djelomičnim efektom usličnjavanja i socijalne homogamije jedino u slučaju percipirane sličnosti partnera na crti savjesnosti. Sličnost među partnerima u ispitanim crtama ličnosti generalno nije prediktor njihovih protektivnih zdravstvenih ponašanja uz izuzetak pozitivnog efekta sličnosti na crti psihopatije. Rezultati samoprocjena upućuju na to da će zdravstvena ponašanja i žena i muškaraca biti češća, ako su slični na skorovima psihopatije. S druge strane, kada je riječ o procjenjenim crtama ličnosti, i muškarci i žene će se više uključivati u zdravstvena ponašanja ako postoji percipirana procjena muškarčeve više i ženine niže psihopatije. Utvrđeno je i da povišen makijavelizam kod žena u odnosu na makijavelizam njihovih partnera dovodi do pozitivnijih samoprocijenjenih protektivnih zdravstvenih ponašanja kod muškaraca. Dobiveno je i da povišena otvorenost kod žena, u odnosu na otvorenost njihovih muževa, ima pozitivan učinak na samoprocijenjena protektivna zdravstvena ponašanja žena.On a sample of 188 heterosexual couples we examined assortative mating based on real and / or perceived similarities in Five-factor personality traits and Dark Triad. Two additional hypotheses, initial assortment vs. convergence, and active assortment vs. social homogamy were also tested. We examined the effects of self-reports and the estimated difference (similarity) of partners' assessment in the Five-factor model of personality traits and Dark Triad personality traits on their protective health behaviors (self-reports and partner’s assessments). The research results indicate that the assortative mating is based on real similarities in personality traits on the Five-factor model and Dark Triad, as well as in perceived similarities in the Dark Triad traits, while assortative mating based on perceived similarities in the Five-factor model is not significant, with the exception of conscientiousness. Results supported the initial assortment hypothesis and the active assortment hypothesis with partial effect of convergence and social homogamy but only in case of perceived similarities in conscientiousness. In general, similarity between the partners in the examined personality traits is not a predictor of their protective health behaviors, with the exception of a positive effect on the similarity in the trait of psychopathy. On the other hand, in terms of estimated traits, men and women will engage more in protective health behaviors if men score higher and women score lower on estimated psychopathy. It has been found that elevated Machiavellianism in women compared to Machiavellianism of their partners leads to more positive self-reports of protective health behaviors among men. It was obtained that increased openness among women compared to openness of their husbands has a positive effect on self-perceived protective health behaviors among women