Uvod: Udio starije populacije u svijetu ubrzano povećava, a povećava se i interes za oralno
zdravlje starijih osoba. Oralno zdravlje predstavlja važan dio općeg zdravlja, a uključuje
zdravlje cjelokupne usne šupljine odnosno zdravlje zuba, parodontnog tkiva, sluznice i
žlijezda slinovnica.
Cilj: Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi pojavnost bolesti oralne sluznice, analizirati i usporediti
stanje parodonta zuba i način provoñenja oralno higijenskih postupaka, utvrditi i usporediti
dentalni i protetski status, analizirati povezanost upotrebe stomatoloških materijala i pojave
oralnih promjena te utvrditi povezanost izmeñu pojave sustavnih bolesti i terapije lijekovima s
oralnim bolestima kod osoba u ustanovi za starije i nemoćne osobe i osoba koje žive
samostalno.
Ispitanici i postupci: U istraživanje su bilo uključeno 341 ispitanika, 280 osobe smještene u
ustanovi i 61 osoba koja živi samostalno. Postupak obrade svakog ispitanika sastojao se iz
uzimanja anamnestičkih podataka, kliničkog pregleda usne šupljine i dijagnostičkih
postupaka.
Rezultati: Kod osoba smještenih u ustanovi za starije i nemoćne zabilježen je značajno veći
broj oralnih sluzničnih promjena (p=0,016). Kod osoba smještenih u ustanovi za starije i
nemoćne zabilježen je značajno niži nivo lučenja sline (p=0,001) te je jače izražen osjećaj
suhoće usne šupljine (p=0,001) i promjena okusa (p=0,035). Pored toga, kod većeg broja
osoba iste skupine zabilježena je kolonizacija Candida species i oralna kandidijaza u
usporedbi s osobama koje žive samostalno (p<0,001). Značajna razlika zabilježena izmeñu
skupina u KEP indeksu (p<0,001). Takoñer je zabilježeno lošije parodontološko stanje
ispitanika u ustanovi (p<0,017). Kod manjeg broja osoba u ustanovi provedena je protetska
rehabilitacija (p=0,0009). Zaključci: osobe u ustanovi su značajno više zahvaćene oralnim sluzničnim bolestima,
oralnim subjektivnim smetnjama, imaju lošije parodontološko stanje te su slabije protetski
rehabilitirani nego osobe koje žive samostalno.Introduction: There is a growing interest in the oral health of elderly people as the size of
this population is increasing around the world. Oral health is important part of general health
and includes teeth, periodontal health, oral mucosal health and prosthetic rehabilitation.
The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and oral
sensorial complaints, as well as periodontal health and oral hygiene level between the
institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly. Also, the aims were to determine dental
status, prosthetic status and influence of dental material to oral tissue between groups.
Material and methods: The study involved two groups of elderly subjects: the
institutionalized residing in a nursing home in Rijeka and the non-institutionalized elderly. A
total of 341 subjects were included, 280 institutionalized and 61 non- institutionalized. All
patients underwent an oral examination to detect underlying oral diseases related to oral
symptoms. The examination consisted of complete anamnesis and clinical status according to
registration form designed for this purpose.
Results: The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was significantly higher in the
institutionalized elderly compared with the non-institutionalized elderly (p=0,016). Low
salivary flow was found to be more common in the institutionalized elderly than in the noninstitutionalized
elderly (p=0,001), as well as dry mouth (p=0,001) and taste disturbance
(p=0,035).Significantly higher level of oral colonization with Candida species and oral
candidiasis were found in the institutionalized elderly comparing to the non-institutionalized
elderly (p<0,001). A significant difference was observed between the groups in DMFT index
(p<0,001). Institutionalized elderly had worse periodontal health (p<0,017). Lower number of
prosthetic appliances was observed in the institutionalized elderly (p=0, 0009).
Conclusions: It can be concluded that the institutionalized elderly are significantly affected
with oral mucosal lesions and oral sensorial complaints. They also have worse periodontal health and lower number of prosthetic appliances compared with the non-institutionalized
elderly
