Organization of Railway Freight Transport with Connectivity to River Traffic

Abstract

Prometni sustav ima važnu ulogu u funkcioniranju cjelokupne društvene aktivnosti, a posebice razvitak gospodarstava uvelike ovisi o adekvatnoj prometnoj mreži. Željeznički teretni prijevoz u potpunosti je liberaliziran na području zemalja Europske unije i takva situacija stvorila je uvjete za osnivanje novih prijevozničkih tvrtki koje se agresivno bore za svoj dio kolača. Željeznica je masovni prijevoznik, a drugi prijevozni mod koji joj može konkuritati količinama je riječni promet. Zajedno mogu u velikom broju slučajeva biti komplementarni prijevozni modovi, a posebnice u slučajevima rasutog i intermodalnog prijevoza. Usmjerenost europskih država pa tako i Hrvatske na reorganizaciju željezničkog sustava podrazumijeva modernizaciju kako bi se pratili novi zahtjevi društva i gospodarstva, te kako bi mogao bez problema surađivati sa riječnim prometom. Upravo je naglasak na to stavila europska prometna politika koja je istaknula modal shift sa cestovnog na željeznički i riječni promet. Hrvatska svoje istočne granice ima na Dunavu, drugoj najznačajnijoj rijeci u Europi, koja kanalom Rajna – Majna – Dunav spaja luku Rotterdam na Sjevernom moru i luku Constantza na Crnom moru. Također, Dunav je jedini u cijelosti vodni koridor u TEN-T mreži pa tako luka Vukovar dobiva važnost kao jedna od najznačajnijih luka u Hrvatskoj te joj je nužno povezivanje sa željezničkim prometom.The transport system has an important role in the functioning of the entire society and its activities, in particular, economic development is highly dependent on appropriate railway network. Rail freight transport has been fully liberalized in the territory of the European Union, and this situation has created the conditions for the establishment of new transportation companies, aggressively fighting for their market segment. Railway is the massive operator, and another, in quantities competative transport mode is river traffic. Together, they can in many cases be complementary transport modes, particulary for bulk and intermodal transport. The orientation of European countries including Croatia is focused on the reorganization of the railway system which includes modernization, to follow the social and econiomic requirements , and to be able to cooperate well with river traffic. European transport policy emphasizes exactly that, a modal shift from road to rail and river transport. Croatian eastern borders are on the Danube, the second most important river in Europe, which connects the Port of Rotterdam on the North Sea and the Port of Constantza on the Black Sea by canal Rhine - Main - Danube. Also, the Danube is the only fully water corridor in the TEN-T network , so in the Port of Vukovar as one of the most important ports in Croatia and it is necessary to connect with the railway traffic