Callow, J.A.

Callow, M.E.

Cao, X.

Grunze, M.

Pettitt, M.E.

Rosenhahn, A.

Schilp, S.

Thome, I.

Pettitt, M. E.

Callow, M. E.

Callow, J. A.

KITopen

Ch i l d h lem ca an morp o o  I Thomé1* S Schilp3 X Cao3 M E Pettit. , . , . , . . and M Institute of Functional Interfaces1 Institute for Functional Interfaces IFG Karlsruhe Inst     , ,  2 School of Biosciences, University of Birm     3 Applied Physical Chemistry, Ruprecht-Karls-University HeIntroductionBiofouling• undesired growth of marine organisms on submerged structures and devices• ubiquitously occurring phenomenon in tidal zones worldwide [1]• world fleet fuel consume is additional 300 million tonnes higher as a result of f• to prevent these effects caused by biofouling, suitable non-toxiccoatings for the marine environment are required• our approach is to use well defined model surfaces to investigate influences ochemistry and morphology to develop design rules for non-fouling coatingsKinetic e periments xMotivation• surface chemistry and surface wettability strongly influence the rate of settlementof Ulva zoospores I t t l h d diff t t f ttl t diff t SAM i• s a e  a . s owe  eren  ra es o  spore se emen  on eren  s n assays[4]of 60 min duration [4]ResultsTime depending settlement process on surfaces over a time of 36 h;   ) h l i t l d ti f 36 ha w o e exper men a  ura on o   b) detailed view at first 2 h of the experiments,grey area: Duration of a spore settlement assay of UoB• PEG 2000-OH surface is resistant against spore settlement for about 10 hours before PEG 2000-OH degradationchanges the surface properties   • SAMs have different affinity towards macromolecules• settlement could be a combined effect of surface chemistry and the           f ti f diti i l Surface properties releorma on o  a con on ng ayer   Conditioning film experiments  • C12 (dodecanthiolate SAM) is the  reference surface• Kinetic experiments with spore water and Tropic Marine (commercial ASW)         XPS tElli t i D t  measuremen spsome r c a a mechpropfrictmodchemistryhydrationwettability conformationFT-IR measurements ch isoelepolRes ltsuconditioning film is built up over time by macromolecules released from adult plants or swimming sporesI fl f diti i fil ttl t f l Ul lin uence o  con on ng m on se emen  o  a ga va nza• normal assay with C12 surfaces incubated for different times in SP TM and without incubation30min ASW 30min blank i e no 30 min spore          ,       . .     preincubation waterSPT 1h spore water 13h spore water 24h spore waterM• data above show that pre-incubation with ‘spore water’ leads to a change in subsequent spore settlement• the adsorbed dissolved organic carbon (DOC) molecules deter or promote spores settlement            • distribution of settled spores changes from gregarious (clumped) to single spores and small groups with exposure to the conditioning solutionKIT U i it f th St t f B d W tt b d – n vers y o  e a e o  a en- uer em erg an * ENational Research Center of the Helmholtz Association      i l f bi f lig ca cues or o ou ng   t2 M E Callow2 J A Callow2 A Rosenhahn1,3, . . , . . , . Grunze1,3. itute of Technology PO Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany  ,   ,  , ingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom     idelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany Self-assembled monolayers• Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold provide access to highlycontrolled surface chemistries• SAMs allow to fine tune physicochemical surface propertiesouling [2] • SAMs are a highly versatile tool to create defined thin organic filmsallow to change the surface chemistry without affecting the•           morphology or its elastic modulus    f surface[3]Bioinspired micro and nanostructures -  • motivated by patterns found on the skin of dolphins [5]          dolphin skin Polyelectrolyte coating• Polyelectrolyte self assembly used to prepare bioinspired, tuneablesurface topographies • Ulva spores show reduced settlement density on structures smallerthan spore body size (~30-50% of its diameter)       h i l difi ti h d h [7]• c em ca  mo ca on en ances or re uces roug ness responsebut influence of roughness is preservedvant for biofouling [8]    E beam activated lithography (EBAL)-     Atom transfer radical   l i ti (ATRP)po ymer za on [9]anical ertiesion ulusstructuretopologyperiodicity 0.75 µm 1.0 µmargefour different sizes:ctic point • 5.0 µm: bigger then spore bodyarity • 2 5 µm: in the range of spore body.        1 0 µm: smaller then spore body• .      2.5 µm 5.0 µm • 0.75 µm: in nanometer rangeComparison polyelectrolyte with pNIPAM structures    • Ulva spore settlement on the ‘flat’ PNIPAMvaries markedly between samples    id li 0 1 0 d 2• spores avo  sett ng on .75, .  an  .5 µmstructure when offered a ‘flat’ alternative ofsame chemical composition  Lowest settlement from • settlement is higher on 5 µm structure1 – 2 5 μm feature size .    ,lid f PE dva  or  anhoneycombs Conclusions Acknowledgment• surfaces condition within 24h if spore water (SP) is used • The work was funded by AMBIO and Office of Naval• surfaces conditioning is happening at longer timescale than typical Ulva assays Research (Grant number N00014-08-1-1116).• conditioning film influences spore settlement • Nicolaus Meyerbröker for help with the XPS    id f t t hi h i t l h lf f th i i      . • Stefan Heissler for his help with the IR spectrometer• spores avo  sur ace s ruc ures w c  are approx ma e y a  o  e r own s ze        -• convoluted effect between chemistry and structure has been disentangledLiterature[1] M.E. Callow, J.A. Callow, J.D. Pickett-Heaps, R. Wetherbee,  J. Phycol., 1997, 33, 938.[2] J J Corbett H W Koehler Journal of Geophysical Research 2003 108 (D20) 4650 . . , . . ,    , , , , .[3] J C Love L A Estroff J K Kriebel R G Nuzzo G M Whitesides Chem Rev 2005 105 1103 1169. . , . . , . . , . . , . . , . ., , , - .[4] M E Callow J A Callow L K Ista S E Coleman A C Nolasco G P Lopez Appl Environ Microbiol 2000 66 (8) 3249 3254 . . , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . , . . ., , , , - .[5] C B W M R St l L G Fl i h D Si b M i Bi l 2002 140 635 657 . aum, . eyer, . e zer, .- . e sc er, . e ers, ar ne o ogy, , , - .[7] X. Cao, M. E. Pettitt, F. Wode, M. P. Arpa Sancet, J. Fu, J. Ji, M. E. Callow, J. A. Callow, A. Rosenhahn, M. Grunze, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2010, 20, 1984.[8] A. Rosenhahn, T. Ederth, M. E. Pettitt, Biointerfaces, 2008, 3, (1), IR1-IR5.[9] S. Schilp, N. Ballav, M. Zharnikov, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 6786-6789.mail: Isabel.Thome@pci.uni-heidelberg.de

Chemical and morphological cues for biofouling

https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/220083339/3815840

Chemical and morphological cues for biofouling

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