PATIENT SAFETY IN RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY BY HEMODIALYSIS AND THE INCIDENCE OF NURSING PROBLEMS

Abstract

Cilj: Provedeno istraživanje imalo je za cilj istražiti učestalost javljanja i vrstu sestrinsko medicinskih problema kod bolesnika na nadomjesnom bubrežnom liječenju hemodijalizom, utvrditi koji faktori utječu na razvoj sestrinsko medicinskih problema i identificirati faktore koji utječu na njihovu pojavnost. Metode: Istraživanje je provedeno na slučajnom uzorku od 35 bolesnika na Kliničkom odjelu nefrologiju i dijalizu KBC- a Split. Istraživanje je provedeno u lipnju i srpnju 2014. godine pomoću upitnika sastavljenog u suradnji s mentoricom. Prikupljeni podatci iz upitnika uneseni su u Microsoft Excel tablice prema unaprijed pripremljenom kodnom planu. Za obradu je korištena deskriptivna statistika. Rezultati: Najzastupljenija dobna kategorija ispitanika je 71 i više godina života. Nijedan ispitanik nije bio u dobnoj skupini od 30 do 39 godina života. Među ispitanicima bili su zastupljeniji muškarci (N=23) nego žene (N=12). Najveći broj ispitanika (N=33) imao je anemiju i povišeni krvni tlak (N=18). Ukupno 10 ispitanika liječi se HD u trajanju od 2 do 4 godine. Tijekom ovog istraživanja 23 ispitanika razvilo je SMP. Pojava SMP češća je kod ispitanica nego kod ispitanika. Najčešće razvijeni SMP bio je hipotenzija, zatim hipertenzija, a najmanje prisutan problem bio je krvarenje. Nije pronađena značajna razlika u pojavnosti SMP prema spolu ispitanika. Zaključci: Ukupno 65,71% ispitanik s kroničnim bolestima razvio je SMP. Prema spolu 88,33% ženskih ispitanika i 56,52% muških ispitanika razvilo je SMP. Najučestaliji SMP kod bolesnika na HD bili su hipotenzija (46%) i hipertenzija (36%). Istraživanje je napravljeno na malom broju ispitanika i bilo bi ga uputno napraviti u suradnji sa svim centrima za hemodijalizu u Hrvatskoj kako bi se mogao donijeti konačni zaključak uz identificiranje svih kritičnih čimbenika.Introduction and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the trequency and typeof nursing medical problems (NMP) in patients of hemodialysis (HD) to determine which factors contribute to the development of NMP anto to find out their incidence. Material and methods: We invertigated 35 HD patients of Department of nefrology and dialysis, University Hospital Center Split. This study was performed during June and July 2014 using questionnaires prepared with mentor. Statistical analysis used descriptive statistics. Results: The most common category of participants is 70 or more years of age. None of the participants were in the group 30 and 39 years of age. Among the participants male (N=23) werw numerous female (N=12). The majority of patients (N=33) were anemic and hypertensive (N=18). Ten patients were treated with HD for 2 to 4 years. Twenty three participants has developed NMP. During this study the appearance of nursing medical problem is more common in female than male patients. The most common nursing medical problem were hypotension and hypertension. There were not significant differences in the occurance of nursing medical problem between male and female participants. Conclusion: Between participants with chronic diseases 65,71%has developed NMP: 88,33% were female and 56,52% were male. The most common NMP of patients during HD was hypotension which occured in 46% of participants and hypertension in 36% of participants. This study was performed on a small number of participants and it should be done in cooperation with all centers for dialysis in Croatia to identify all risk factors