Steinbrecher, R.

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“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere: An European PerspectiveRainer SteinbrecherForschungszentrum Karlsruhein der Helmholtz-GemeinschaftRadicals in Forest AirAir Quality in EuropeFrom Regional to Local ScalesOutlook: Climate and BVOC(Schulze et al., 2006)(IPCC)“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007Air Quality in EuropeOzone Wank (1780 m asl.), Garmisch-Partenkirchen(E. Scheel, IMK-IFU)1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 200220304050607080Wank (1780 m) Monthly means Trend Regression curveO3 [ppb]YEARO3 [µg m-3 ]16141210806040O3 [ppb]O3 [µg m-3 ]August 2003July 2006l“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007Air Quality in EuropeSurface Ozone: SourcesWaldhof, Germany (O3 background 1998: 39,2 ppbv)Europe(18.3 ppbv)Stratosphere(7.7 ppbv)North America(8.5 ppbv)Asia(4.7 ppbv)(Derwent et al., 2004)Transport or Production?“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007Air Quality in EuropeMaster-Chemical-Mechanism MCM(Derwent et al., 2005)Aldehyde Cascade: 10-20%PAN-Radical Storage: 80-90%“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007Air Quality in Europe(Derwent et al., 2006) Increase+ 0.48 ppbv per year Will continue at a similar rate!¾ Mace Head,  Irland (background ozone)¾ 12-months running mean¾1990 to 2003 Surface Ozone: TrendsWhat are the Reasons for that?“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007Emissions in Germany: Sources and TrendsAnthropo. tot.Emission [Gg]050010001500200025001995 2000 2003 VOCAgricultureEmission [Gg]   ForestEmission [Gg]VOC(EMEP 2006; Smiatek, Steinbrecher 2006)From Regional to Local Scales“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007MonoterpenesIsopreneAlcoholsother VOCEmission [%]0102030405060ForestsAlkanesAromaticsAlcoholsother VOC0102030405060AnthroposphereEmissions in Germany: Source Split(Smiatek, Steinbrecher 2006; Theloke, Friedrich 2007)From Regional to Local Scales“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007April May June July August September OctoberEmission [Gg]020406080100120140160180ForestsVOC1994-2003Emissions in Germany: Monthly and Annual Variabilityril ay June July August September OctoberEmission [Gg]120140160180ForestsV C NOEmission [Gg]0481216Forests1991-200019 4-20 3Emission [Gg]AnthroposhereEmission [Gg]2004From Regional to Local Scales(EMEP 2006; Smiatek, Steinbrecher 2006)“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007From Regional to Local ScalesEmissions of in Germany: Hourly Variability30/07/ - 31/07/2002 [CET]  12:00:00   20:00:00   04:00:00  12:00:00Flux Rate [nmol m-2 s-1]0,00,51,01,52,02,53,0IsopreneΣ MonoterpenesNorway Spruce Forest(Graus et al. 2006)“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 20070,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2Altitude [m]051015202503:00 CETCrown Comp.HO-Radical Radicals [ppt]Altitude [m]NO3-RadicalHO-Radical Crown Comp.Radicals in Forest AirNorway Spruce Forest: Night Time(Forkel et al. 2006)“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 20070,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,20510152025Altitude [m]Radicals [ppt]15:00 CETCrown Comp.Understory Comp.HO-Radical Radicals in Forest AirNorway Spruce Forest: Day Time, , , , , , ,10152025Altitude [m]15:00 CETCrown Co p.r t r  .Radicals [ppt]NO3-RadicalHO-Radical (Forkel et al. 2006)“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007Global Change and VOCVOC Oxidation in the Atmosphere“Biogenic Hydrocarbons and the Atmosphere”GRC Ventura, CA, February 2007References: R. G. Derwent et al. Atmos. Environ. 1998-2006 EMEP,ttp://webdab.emep.int, 2006 R. Forkel et al., Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40, S28 M. Graus et al., Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40, S43 IPPC, http://www.ipcc.ch, 2007 M. Kesik et al., Biogeosciences 2005, 2, 353 B. C. Schulze, C. Kost, G.-I. Arimura und W. Boland, Chem. Unserer Zeit 2006, 40, 366  G. Smiatek,und R. Steinbrecher, Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40, S166 J. Theloke und R. Friedrich Atmos. Environ. 2007, doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.12.026

Biogenic hydrocarbons and the atmosphere: an European perspective

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Biogenic hydrocarbons and the atmosphere: an European perspective

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