Suppan, P.

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Bilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Air quality impact studies- An interdisciplinary approach for megacities -Peter SuppanInstitute for Meteorology and Climate ResearchAtmospheric Environmental Research Division (IMK-IFU)Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbHGarmisch-Partenkirchen, Germanypeter.suppan@imk.fzk.deBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Problems, risks and facts of urban agglomerationsAir quality and related linksRisk-Habitat-Megacity concept OverviewBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)In 1974 a UNEP and WHO declaration concerning air pollution was releasedIn order to reduce human exposure and health risks in 1992 a EU-report about a more effective planning on energy requirements and transportation was publishedSince 2007 more than 50 % of worlds population live in  urban agglomerationsDefinition: Megacities comprises 10 Mill. people1975: 3 MC 2005: 20 MC 2015: 22 MC (4 > 20 Mill.)Urban AgglomerationsBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Santiago de ChileSantiago de ChileMumbaiBeijingMexico CityBogotáSão PauloLiving spaceSocial structureLand use EnergyMobilityEnvironmentAir quality HealthJakartaJakartaProblems and RisksBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Air pollution as the most significant environmental challenge, followed by congestion issues(Survey with 500 megacity - „stakeholders“) but„The environment matters, but may be sacrificed for growth“Siemens, 2007FactsBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Facts141516171819202001-20102011-20202021-20302031-20402041-20502051-20602061-20702071-20802081-20902091-2100Temperature [°C]MPEH5-A2MPEH5-B1MPEH5-A1BSantiago de ChileClimate change impact on megacityregions2001-20102011-20202021-20302031-20402041-20502051-20602061-20702071-20802081-20902091-21002526272829303132333435Temperature [°C]MPEH5-A2MPEH5-B1MPEH5-A1BMexico CityPresentations byRenate Forkel & Cecilia Conde & Ernesto Caetano/Victor RuedaBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)30 %120 %Mendoza0 %70 %Leipzigtraffic attributedemissions50 %10 %Leipzigdomestic heatingattributedemissionsbronchitisasthma &allergiesareas with high vs low levels of exposureSource: U. Franck (UFZ) - 2006Related Health FactsPresentations by Alvaro Osornio & Irma Rosas & Horacio Tovalin & Ulrich Franck & Alexandra SchneiderBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Source:Poduje 2005 (Santiago de Chile) APERC 2007 (Mexico City)Land Use ChangeSource: U. Weiland, E. Banzhaf, A. Ebert, A. Kindler, R. Höfer (UFZ)Santiago de Chile Mexico City2002 2005Population 6.061.000 19.410.000Urbanized area (km²) 641 1800Population density (p / km²) 9.500 10.800Population growth (% / y) ~1,32 ~1,28Santiago de Chile Mexico CityPresentation by Manuel Suarez & Javier DelgadoBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Source: APERC 2007, Shobhakar Dhakal (2004). Urban Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in East Asian Mega-cities22%37%41%Tokyo18%44%38%Mexico City37%25%38%Seoul7%10%83%Shanghai17%8%75%BeijingResidentialTransportIndustryEnergyIncomeGasoline per capitaLow income in AsiaMiddle income cities in Asia and Latin AmericaHigh income cities in AsiaCities in OceaniaCities in North America with low population densityUrbanisation SuburbanisationMotorisation phase Infrastructure development phaseUpgrades in infrastructure phaseSource: Global Energy Futures and Human Development: A Framework for Analysis", Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 1997Energy consumptionby sourcesBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)0200400600800North America (incl. Mexico)US onlyWestern EuropeJapan & AustraliaEastern Europe & Former Soviet UnionTotal industrializedDeveloping Asia  incl. ChinaMiddle EastCentral & South AmericaAfricaTotal developingWORLD19962020Vehicles per 1000 peopleSource: US Dept.of Energy, 2000TrafficFleet composition in 1996 and 2020Bilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Satellite data Emission data Measurement dataMeasuresStakeholders:e.g., communities, gov. agenciesscience baseddecision supportAir Quality AssessmentMeso-scale Climate-Chemistry ModelAir qualityDays [O3] > 120 mg/m3, Jun-AugDifference (2031-39) – (1991-2000)Climate- & Chemistry ModelPresentations e.g. byMichel Grutter & Klaus Schäfer & Stefan Emeis &Peter WiesenPresentation by Gerhard SmiatekPresentations by Rainer Steinbrecher& Gerardo RuizBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)0 30000 60000-50050015002500fine particles > 10 nm / cm3ALTITUDE ABOVE PUEBLA  [m]P1P2P3P4P5P6P7P80 200 400 600-50050015002500coarse particles > 300 nm / P1P2P3P4P5P6P7P80 50 100 150-50050015002500OZONE [ ppb ]P1P2P3P4P5P6P7P8MeasurementsSource: W. Junkermann, M Grutter,D. Baumgardner, R: Steinbrecher(IMK-IFU, UNAM)Measurements by a ultra light aircraft around PopocatepetlBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)SimulationOzone exposure index - Santiago de Chile -Source:R. Schmitz (IMK-IFU, UCH)Presentations byAgustin Garcia & AronJazcilevichBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)510152025303540NO2 in ppbvBiogenic sourcesSolventsAgriculturalother industrial sourcesothers incl. domestic heatingPoint sourcesTrafficMethodologyNO2-source attribution in the Munich conurbation Bilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Risk-Habitat-Megacity¿sostenibilidad en riesgo?Helmholtz centres• German Aerospace Centre (DLR)• Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK)• Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)• GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ)• Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)Latin America• United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC/CEPAL) • Universidad de Chile • Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile• Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso“Anchor city“: Santiago de ChileDuration: July 2007 – June 2013Bilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Contribute to the specification of sustainable objectives for the future development of mega-citiesCharacterize of risks, driving factors and consequencesDesign of strategies and instruments for risk managementas key tools for a sustainable urban developmentInvestigate on the regional-urban scale based on interdisciplinary research groupsDevelop of a science and experience platform for atechnical and science based cooperationExchange and transfer of knowledgeObjectivesRisk Habitat Megacity¿sostenibilidad en riesgo?Bilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Local Stakeholders Scientific Advisory BoardCross-Cutting Concept:GovernanceCross-Cutting Concept:Sustainable DevelopmentCross-Cutting Concept:RiskDevelopment and Dissemination ofKnowledgeMethodsIndicatorsToolkitsScenariosCapacity BuildingScientific trainingTraining of practitionersWorkshopsTransportationEnergysystemSocio-spatialdifferentiationAir qualityand healthRisk Habitat MegacityLand -usemanagementWaterresourcesand servicesWastemanagementProgramme CoordinatorProgramme Steering GroupArchitectureRisk Habitat Megacity¿sostenibilidad en riesgo?Bilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)SustainableDevelopmentGovernanceRisk • Integration• Disciplines, Actors• Concepts and Topics• Methodologies• ResultsImplementation solutionImplementation solutionFields of application• Land-use management• Sociospatial differentiation• Transportation• Air quality and healthGoals Problems Action• Waste• Energy• WaterAggregation, Generalisation, Theory generationAggregation, Generalisation, Theory generationDefinition of research questionsConcept & Integration Risk Habitat Megacity¿sostenibilidad en riesgo?Bilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Governance Source: APERC (2007): Urban Transport Energy Use in the APEC RegionsAir Quality management policies, emission control programs and pollutant trends in Mexico CityBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Air quality issues need an holistic and interdisciplinary approach In order to understand the complex system of a megacity, further process studies have to be done in each disciplineLink between the fields of land-use, energy, transportation, air quality, climate change and health demonstrates the interaction and tackles central problems in a megacityAir quality and health impact assessment studies are essential prerequisites for mitigation and adaptation strategies and for reducing e.g.environmental risks (air pollution, congestion, waste, ...)social risks (spatial segregation, health problems, …)costs (healthcare system, transportation, production, ...)ConclusionsBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between IMK-IFU and the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) about a cooperation  in the fields of research and education (e.g. Air Quality, Climate Change)Establishing of the International Competence Center for Sustainable Urban Development (ISUD) in Santiago de Chile (“capacity building”; “multidisciplinary  research on Megacities”; “applying knowledge”) between FZK and Universidad de Chile in SantiagoContract of Cooperation between the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and IMK-IFU about “Monitoring and Modelling of Air Quality at the Megacity, Beijing”Santiago de ChileMexico CityShanghaiBangkokCooperationBilateral Workshop on Air Quality, Climate Change and Health in Central Mexico, May 19-21, 2008Peter Suppan, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU)Thank you very much for your attention

Air quality impact studies. An interdisciplinary approach for megacities

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Air quality impact studies. An interdisciplinary approach for megacities

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