Diez de los Rios, N.

Hering, W.

Lux, M.

Onea, A.

Palacios, J.L.

Stieglitz, R.

English

Palacios, J. L.

KITopen

KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association Institut für Neutronenphysik und Reaktortechnik Anlagenentwicklung, Systemdynamik und Sicherheit  N. Díez de los Ríos, A. Onea, M. Lux, W. Hering, J. L. Palacios, R. Stieglitz         and HEMCP: Helmholtz Energy Materials Characterization Platform AMTEC TEst FAcility  (ATEFA) AMTEC test cell   B4: Phase changes in liquid metals for  direct energy conversion Alkali Metal Thermal to Electric Converter (AMTEC) Heater (1000 °C) Condenser  (air cooled,  250 – 450 °C) Ceramic-metal brazing BASE (ß’’-Alumina Solid Electrolyte)   Electrode (Cathode) and current collector Ceramic to metal joining Project status Test facility currently in the construction phase (acquisition phase finished; components in fabrication) Infrastructure of the AMTEC laboratory available Optical laboratory available  for ceramic examination First attempts for sputtered  electrode achieved Surface cleanliness Surface microcracks Magnetron sputtered cathode Grid / foam current collector TiNiNb Sealing  tested in the nineties at INR New sealing materials  (active brazing alloy) Safety analysis Temperature and stress distribution in cell obtained (steady state and transient analysis) No failure at working conditions  (1.5 bar, 1000 °C)  safe design  Highest stresses in BASE-Nb joining  possible failure at ≥ 6 bar Cooling under forced convection  (transient)  no failure High ΔT along BASE  no failure Stress distribution in Brazing [MPa]. Steady state. Temperature distribution in 1/8 of the cell [°C]. Steady state. Variable AMTEC @ INR V 0.4 – 1.2 V I 0.5 – 1.5 A/cm² P 0.5 – 1.5 W/cm² ηpresent ~ 20 %   TNa 600 – 1000 °C pNa 10 Pa – 0.1 MPa Main goals 2014 Set into operation: November 2014 Ceramic-metal joining Sputtered electrode  Analysis of the ceramic surface CO2 cleaning of the ceramic  First measurements Proposals for design optimization   Improved technology   1,80 m Compact design Control Na-flow and pressure trough Ar (𝑝Ar & 𝑚 Ar) Na-side separated from Ar-side Separable cell and storage tanks  Safety aspects:  Na-side isolated in a metallic containment In case of power loss (PC) manual control possible Highest pressure 1.5 bara Metallic tub for Na collection In case of fire Na containment will be floated with Ar Tanks tested to overpressure  Surface microcrack (Tennenhouse, 1975) 

B4: Phase changes in liquid metals for direct energy conversion AMTEC

https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/220098050/3816700

B4: Phase changes in liquid metals for direct energy conversion AMTEC

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