Norra, S.

Suppan, P.

KITopen

KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association1Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), KIT Campus Alpine, Bavaria2Institute of Geography and Geoecology (IFGG), KIT Campus South www.kit.eduEnergy conservation, emission reduction and   environmental protectionSome insights on air quality and urban systems – Potential cooperation between Shandong and BavariaDr. Peter Suppan1PD Dr. Stefan Norra22 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norra- CentresKIT PortfolioNano and Micro Scale ScienceClimate and EnvironmentAstroparticle PhysicsEnergy260 km3 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraKIT Center EnergyEnergy Storage and DistributionEfficient Energy UseFusion TechnologyNuclear Energyand SafetyEnergy Systems AnalysisEnergyConversionRenewable Energies4 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraKIT Center Climate and EnvironmentRisk and Risk ManagementUrban SystemsTechnology- induced Material FlowsProcesses in the UndergroundWater Resources and Water ManagementAtmospheric ProcessesClimate Change5 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraTopic: Urban Systems within the Center ofClimate and EnvironmentSpeaker PD Dr. Stefan Norra & Dr. Peter Suppan Infrastructure Social Vulnerability Urban Development ScenariosHealth impact Climate Change, Natural Disasters, Environmental Pollution  Ecosystems Atmosphere and Urban Climate Management of Water Resources, Material Flows, and Energy Flows6 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norramortalityhospital admissionsemergency room visitsphysician office visitsreduced physical performancemedication usesymptomsimpaired pulmonary functionSub-clinical (subtle) effectsseverity ofeffectProportion of population affectedHealth Impact PyramidDriving Force: Health Impact7 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraSource: PAN American Health Organization, 2005Region Percentage change ReferenceAsia 0.49% (0.23-0.76) HEI, 2004Europe 0.60% (0.40-0.80) Katsouyanni, 2001Latin America 0.61% (0.16-1.07) PAHO, 2005*United States 0.21% (0.09-0.33) Dominici, 2003Worldwide 0.65% (0.51-0.76) Stieb, 2002Mortality rates on PM10 increase* Based on studies in Mexico City, São Paulo, Santiago de Chile 8 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraAQ levelAnnual average PM10 concentrations (µg/m³)Economical BenefitReduction benefit is 10 times higher as for ozone, e.g. Mexico City about $2 Bill.Molina and Molina, 2002M. Krzyzanowski, H-G. Mucke, WHO9 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraBogotáSão PauloJakartaJakartaSantiago de ChileMumbaiBeijingSantiago de ChileMexico City Living space Social structure Land use  Mobility Environment Energy Air quality  Well-Being / HealthReasons & RisksClimate Changesevere flooding (1999, 2005)10 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norra Energy demand development Key system drivers: population and economic growth World energy demand until 2030: 50 % increase APEC (Asia Pacific Region) energy demand until 2030: 100 % increase Breakdown to national level demands Development of energy supply Supply security Decrease in CO2 emissions Focus on renewable energiesProblem area: Energy11 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraLarge hydropower3.0 % Power generation0.8 %Traditional biomass13 %Hot water / Heating1.3 %Biofuels0.3 %Fossil fuels79%Nuclear3%Renewables18%Source: REN21, Renewables 2007, Global Status ReportGlobal final energy consumption12 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norra0 10 20 30 400,00,51,01,52,02,53,0  CO2-Eq-Bioenergy / CO2-SavingsPlant N content [g N kg-1 DW]Sugar caneRapeseedWheat/BarleyMaize/root crops etc.Increase ofGHG-emissions (N2O)Crutzen et al., 2008Bioenergy from N+PlantsReduction ofGHG-emissions (N2O)13 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraSource: APERC 2007, Shobhakar Dhakal (2004). Urban Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in East Asian Mega-citiesIndustryTransportResidentialCommercialBeijing 62% 8% 17% 13%Shanghai 80% 10% 7% 3%Seoul 18% 25% 37% 20%Tokyo 11% 37% 22% 30%Urban energy distribution0.81.01.21.41.61.82.0TOE per PersonBeijing Shanghai Seoul Tokyo14 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraEmission DataIntegrated Approach0 30000 60000-50050015002500      U O U  []P1P2P3P4P5P6P7P8-12         Measurement DataAir QualityIndicatorScenarioStakeholderHealth ImpactMortality……………………………….Subclinical EffectsChemChemTraffic DataUrban Development15 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraFirstSecondThirdThe Badaling motorwayMünkel, C., “Mixing height determination with lidar ceilometers -results from Helsinki Testbed,” Meteorol. Z. 16, 451-459 (2007).Emeis, S., Schäfer, K., Münkel, C.: Observation of the structure of the urban boundary layer with different ceilometers and validation by RASS data. Meteorol. Z. 18, 2, 149-154 (2009)Sampling StrategiesOptical remote sensing:Ceilometer von Vaisala LD40 or CL31wave length: 855 or 910 nmrange:         4000 mResolution: 15 or 5 m16 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norrapassive: Sigma 2 for particles between 2.5 and 80 µm active: MV-Sampler for PM2.5Sampling Strategies17 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norra10 km1CUG2345CRAESSampling Sites18 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraNW SESpatial distribution – PM2.5 and BC (soot)City Center19 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraFly ashHaliteKali-FeldsparSoot sphereSEM ImagesGeogenic particlesAnthropogenic particlesConnected particles20 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraAir Quality Modelling in the greater area of Beijing (in co-operation with CAS-IAP)Measurements of Mixing layer height based on a Ceilometer (IMK-IFU, Vaisala) at CAS-IAPMeasurements / Simulations21 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraEmission Reduction StrategiesOlympic Games BeijingOlympic Games BeijingTime Period:15.10.2007 – 01.02.200922 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraAgricultural areas and woodlandConstruction Changes, bright metal roofsPM10 over the City Center of Augsburg in April 2007 PM10 over Augsburg in April 2007 Integrated Measurement / Simulation conceptMaster-Thesis: Stefanie Schrader23 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norra Air quality issues need an holistic and interdisciplinary approach  In order to understand the complex system of a mega city, further process studies have to be done in each discipline Link between the fields of land-use, energy, transportation, air quality, climate change and health demonstrates the interaction and tackles central problems in a mega city Air quality and health impact assessment studies are essential prerequisites for mitigation and adaptation strategies and for reducing e.g. environmental risks (air pollution, congestion, waste, ...) social risks (spatial segregation, health problems, …) costs (healthcare system, transportation, production, ...)Conclusions24 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), BeijingProf. Yuesi WangDr. Xin JinyuanChina University of Geosciences (CUG), BeijingProf. Cen KuangChina University of Mining and Technology, Beijing(CUMTB)Prof. Longyi ShaoChinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), BeijingProf. Chai FaheProf. Chen YizhenGerman Meteorological Service (DWD), FreiburgDipl.-Ing. Volker DietzeDipl.-Ing. Mathieu FrickerHelmholtz Center Munich (HMGU)Prof. Dr. Annette PetersDr. Jürgen Schnelle-KreisQingdao Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (QRAES)Prof. Sun HekunCo-operations and Partners25 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan Norrain cooperation with Prof. Longyi Shao (CUMTB) and Prof. Yuesi Wang (CAS-IAP)Rongrong Shen, full CSC PhD Student (4 years)• aerosol measurements with the focus on source apportionment Ruiguang Xu, full CSC PhD Student (4 years)• air quality modeling with the focus on aerosol composition and distributionLing Hong, sandwich (IAP-CSC-HGF) PhD Student (4 years)• air quality measurements with the focus on remote sensing techniques (SODAR, contactless)Yu Yang, full CSC PhD Student (1 year)• aerosol measurements with the focus on source apportionment / optical depthCapacity Building26 29.04.2010 Sino-German Cooperation Qingdao Summit, April 29th, 2010Sub-meeting B:Meeting on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protectionDr. Peter SuppanPD Dr. Stefan NorraThank you very much for your attention….and thank you for the invitation and welcome to GermanyInternational Bureau (IB) of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) of GermanyQingdao Research Academy of Environmental Sciences 

Energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection

https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/230082101/3815817

Energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

KITopen