University of Zagreb. Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Plant Pathology.
Abstract
Askomicetna gljiva Fusarium verticillioides patogen je velikog broja biljnih domaćina kod kojih, osim bolesti na nadzemnom i podzemnom dijelu biljke, uzrokuje trulež sjemena. Veliki problem u ekološkom uzgoju začinskog bilja predstavlja činjenica da nije dopušteno kemijsko tretiranje sjemena, a niti netretirano konvencionalno sjeme. Dopušten je uzgoj samo certificiranog netretiranog sjemena. U novije vrijeme sve se više istražuju biološke mogućnosti zaštite sjemena od fitopatogenih gljiva koje se prenose sjemenom, a koje bi bilo prihvatljivo za ekološku proizvodnju. Uz poznate komercijalizirane bio-fungicide na osnovu Trichoderma vrsta sve više se istražuje antimikotska učinkovitost eteričnih biljnih ulja na fitopatogene askomicetne gljive. U provedenom laboratorijskom istraživanju gljive Fusarium verticillioides i Trichoderma viride su bile testirane na utjecaj eteričnog ulja ružmarina. Za provedbu ovog istraživanja korištena je modificirana metoda dvojnih kultura (metoda dvojnih kultura inače je namijenjena testiranju antagonizma). Rezultati su kvantificirani Indeksom inhibicije te statistički obrađeni analizom varijance. Ovim laboratorijskom pokusom je pokazan slab utjecaj eteričnog ulja ružmarina i na vrstu F. verticillioides (17% četvrti dan i 15% sedmi dan) i na vrstu T. viride (19% četvrti dan i 15% sedmi dan).The fungi species Fusarium verticillioides is a patogen to a large number of plants in which among causing diseases on both above and under ground parts of the plant, also causes decay of seed. The fact that use of conventional seed and chemical treatment of the seed are forbiden in ecological growth of plants presents a big problem in growing spices. Only the certified and chemicaly untreated seed is allowed. Research of options of biological protection against phytopatogens transported by seed is becoming more relevant with time. Among well known and commercialized bio-fungicides based on Trichoderma species, the antimycotic effect of plants essential oils on phytopathogen fungi is becoming a focus of more and more researches. In the laboratory research that was conducted, fungi species Fusarium verticillioides and Trichoderma viride were tested on the effect of rosemary essential oil. The method of dual cultures (usually used in testing antagonism) was used in the conduction of this research. The results were quantifed with the Index of inhibition and statistically analized with the variance analysis.The results of the research show poor effect of rosemary essential oil on both F. verticillioides (17% on day 4 and 15% on day 7) and T. viride (19% on day 4 and 15% on day 7)
