Hofmann, Michael

Mühlbauer, M.J.

Senyshyn, Anatoliy

English

Mühlbauer, M. J.

KITopen

Please insert a figure in the master transparency. KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and  National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association www.kit.edu Uniformity of Lithium-Ion Batteries Probed by Neutron Scattering M.J. Mühlbauer, Michael Hofmann, Anatoliy Senyshyn ICNS 2017 - International Conference on Neutron Scattering – Daejeon, Korea Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 2 Schematic of a 18650-type Li-Ion Cell M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 LiMO2 Li1-xMO2 + xLi+ + xe– charging discharging xLi+ + xe– +Cgraphite  charging discharging LixC6 Cathode  Anode  e– e– e– e– Li+ Li+ Li+ Li+ Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 3 Why in operando / in situ studies? M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Opening of cells, risk of material changes, e.g. oxidation, short circuits, ... Cells are not available for further studies.   Neutron methods are non-destructive. Cell behaviour is followed over several cycles or at different states, e.g. state of charge, temperatures, fatigue, aging, …   Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 4 Spatially Resolved Neutron Diffraction M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Nature Scientific Reports 5:18380  |  DOI: 10.1038/srep18380 http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.07655 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 5 Lithium Concentration x in LixC6, Cell #1 M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Nature Scientific Reports 5:18380  |  DOI: 10.1038/srep18380 http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.07655 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 6 Lithium Concentration x in LixC6, Cells #2 to #4 M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                Cell 2 Cell 4 Cell 3 17.08.2017 Nature Scientific Reports 5:18380  |  DOI: 10.1038/srep18380 http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.07655 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 7 Different Cell Geometries  Current Distribution M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 i l i l i l i l Nature Scientific Reports 5:18380  |  DOI: 10.1038/srep18380 http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.07655 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 8 Non-Uniformity along z-axis M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Nature Scientific Reports 5:18380  |  DOI: 10.1038/srep18380 http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.07655 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 9 Investigation of Fatigue in LCO cells M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Rietveld refinement Lattice parameters and cell volumes Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 159 (12) A2082-A2088 (2012) Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 10 Investigation of Fatigue in LCO cells M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Active Lithium 25°C 50°C Cathode 21% 12% Anode 26% 15% Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 159 (12) A2082-A2088 (2012) Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 11 Effect of Fatigue on Spatial Distribution of Li M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Journal of Power Sources 348 (2017) 145-149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.02.077 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 12 Deviations from plateau-like distribution M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Journal of Power Sources 348 (2017) 145-149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.02.077  i  i Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 13 M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon 17.08.2017 ERWIN - 05K16VK2 “Energy Research with Neutrons” NECTAR - 05K16VK3 “Thermische Neutronen am Messplatz NECTAR” Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 14 Conclusions / Summary Overall effects of fatigue and aging can be determined when averaging over the whole cell volume. Changes of: Lattice parameters Li-occupation Phase fractions  Focusing on partial volumes reveals non-uniform behaviour: Cell geometry / layout, e.g. position of contacts Li-distribution correlated to current distribution  Change of activity areas inside the cells due to aging/fatigue: In general reduction of active lithium, i.e. change of x in LixC6 Areas of largest Li exchange differ for fresh and fatigued cells.  M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 15 M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Michael Hofmann Anatoliy Senyshyn Helmut Ehrenberg Michael Knapp Contact: martin.muehlbauer@kit.edu Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 16  M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Thanks for Your Attention Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 17 Spatially Resolved Neutron Diffraction M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon                                                17.08.2017 Nature Scientific Reports 5:18380  |  DOI: 10.1038/srep18380 online supplementary Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 18 Level of electrolyte in fresh and fatigued cells M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon 17.08.2017 Journal of Power Sources 348 (2017) 145-149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.02.077 Institute for Applied Materials Energy Storage Systems 19 Video of electrolyte movement during cycling M.J. Mühlbauer - ICNS 2017 Daejon 17.08.2017 Online @ KIT: “Battery at work, Li-Ionen Batterie” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ICPzHO_1nQ8 

Uniformity of lithium-ion batteries probed by neutron scattering

https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000073516/4306075

Uniformity of lithium-ion batteries probed by neutron scattering

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