Bonn, B.

Butler, T.

Churkina, G.

Grote, R.

Kuik, F.

Lauer, A.

Tomiak, K.

English

KITopen

Galina Churkina, Friderike Kuik, Boris Bonn, Axel Lauer, Rüdiger Grote, Karolina Tomiak, Tim ButlerTechnical Support: Jörn Quedenau, Ciaron Linstead, WRF-HelpEffect of VOC emissions from  vegetation on air quality in Berlin during a heat waveSynergistic interactions between urban heat islands and heat waves: the impact in cities is larger than the sum of its parts2013: Li, D., Bou-Zeid, E., JAMCOZONEVOCNOxPMPM -particulate matter     VOC -volatile organic compoundsSelected popular urban trees and their average VOC emissions rates0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Acer pseudoplatanusTilia cordataEucalyptusSalixLiquidambar styracifluaPlatanusRobinia pseudoacaciaMagnolia grandifoliaVirburnum lantanaQuercus robur/lobataePopulusNyssa sylvaticaisoprenemonoterpenesµg *g-1*hr-1 Churkina et al, ESP 2015Temperature is an important driver of VOC emissions from vegetationGuenther et al, JGR 1993observationsmodelsObjectiveTo estimate the effect of VOCs emitted from urban vegetation on the ground-level ozone and PM concentrations in summer and especially during heat wave period.Forest18%Public green areas15%Agriculture4%Buildings & roads56%Water7%Berlin is a green cityBerlin Senat, Bericht Nr 5, 2013Image courtesy NASAHeat Wave July 10-302006BerlinMethods• Weather Research and Forecasting Model with coupled atmospheric chemistry (WRF-Chem 3.7.1) and biogenic VOC emissions module (MEGAN 2.0)• Site observations of temperature, wind, PBL, ozone, PM, NOx, VOCs (field campaign 2014)Model Setup• 3 domains: – 15 km, 5 km, 1 km• 35 eta levels up to 50 hPa• Boundary conditions – ECMWF reanalysis data• Anthropogenic emissions – MACC • Biogenic VOC emissions – MEGAN 2.04Model Simulations: summers of 2006 & 2014Abbreviation of Model SimulationAnthropogenic EmissionsBiogenic EmissionsMEGAN Input DataANTH included none noneANTH+BIO included included originalANTH+BIOm included included modifiedObserved temperatures and ozonewere …• well represented on average• peaks were underestimated2 m temepratures averaged over six measurementstations in Berlin-Brandenburg Metropolitan area in 2006modeledPM was greatly overestimatedSurface PM2.5 average diurnal cycle (median) for Potsdam in summer 2014observations1km3kmObserved Isoprene Isoprene Observed & ModeledUrban background station in the center of BerlinContribution of VOCs from Vegetation to Ozone2006 20142006 2014Heat wave𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 =OZONEANTH+BIO − OZONEANTHOZONEANTH∗ 100%Conclusions• The contribution of VOC from vegetation to ozone levels in Berlin:~ 9-11 % on average in June and August~ 17-20% on average in July~ 60% during the heat wave • WRF-Chem is not able to simulate PM and associated effect of BVOC on PM formation• WRF-Chem has limited ability to simulate isoprene mixing ratios over urban forests• Mismatch between model and measurement spatial resolutions (1x1 km grid versus point) • Urban vegetation is poorly represented in MEGAN (leaf area index, emission factors)More about vegetation and air quality in Berlin:• Churkina G, Kuik F, Bonn B, Lauer A, Grote R, Tomiak K, Butler T, Effect of VOC emissions from vegetation on air quality in Berlin during a heatwave, Env. Sci. and Technology, in revision.• Bonn B. et al, BAERLIN2014 - The influence of land surface types on andthe horizontal heterogeneity of air pollutant levels in Berlin. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 2016, 2016, (16), 7785-7811.• Kuik, F et al, Air quality modelling in the Berlin-Brandenburg region using WRF-Chem v3.7.1: sensitivity to resolution of model grid and input data. Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss. 2016, 1-46.

Effects of VOC emissions from vegetation on air quality in Berlin during a heat wave

https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000076670/4953558

Effects of VOC emissions from vegetation on air quality in Berlin during a heat wave

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