Treatment of the atrophic edentulous posterior maxilla with implant supported prosthesis is often difficult, because bone volume is insufficient and the bone quality is poor due to resorption of the alveolar ridge and due to increasing pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. Internal augmentation of the maxillary premolar and molar region (sinus floor elevation) was introduced to provide appropriate amounts of bone in a severely absorbed maxilla. Sinus floor elevation became widely accepted as a routine method to improve the amount of bone volume before implant placement. We applied this procedure for patients with atrophic edentulous posterior maxilla from 2000, and we treated the patients in order to restoration of mastication function in safety. In this paper, we give an explanation of operative procedure of sinus floor elevation with autogenous bone for details, and we also comment on the other graft materials, complication of the sinus floor elevation and resorption of autogneous bone grafted on sinus floor
