Authentication of the geographical origin of the selected autochthonous wines of Čazma wine region

Abstract

Utvrđeno je da grožđe različitih sorti vinove loze uspjeva bolje na određenom tipu tla. Takav odnos između tla, vinove loze i vina temeljni je dio koncepta "terroir" (okoliš u kojem se proizvodi određeno vino, uključujući čimbenike kao što su tlo, topografija, klima itd.). Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati povezanost između kemijskih elemenata u tlu i vinu na različitim sortama vina iz moslavačke vinogorske regije, vinogorje Čazma i okolica, te ustanoviti kako se određeni okoliš odražava na različite sorte vina, naročito u odnosu na škrlet kao autohtonu sortu Moslavine. Uzorkovani su mali i srednji vinogradi, sorte: škrlet, graševina, chardonnay, frankovka te rajnski rizling. Kemijski elementi u tlu i vinu analizirani su metodom energetsko disperzivne fluorescencije rendgenskih zraka (EDXRF) i metodom rendgenske difrakcije (XRD), a rezultati interpretirani pomoću GIS-a, ispitivanjem statističkim metodama koje povezuju tlo i vino, te multivarijatnom statističkom metodom koja analizira glavne komponente između grupa (BG-PCA, eng. „Between-Group Principal Components Analysis―). Upotrebom multivarijantne statističke metode BG-PCA bazirane na log (cvino) / log (ctlo) pokazano je da je moguće dokazati geografsko podrijetlo vina. Samim time dokazano je da se najpoznatija vina s područja Moslavine, odnosno vinogorja Čazma, janso odvajaju od vina iz Ivanićko-voloderskog vinogorja.It was found that grapes of different grape varieties are better suited to a certain type of soil. Such a relationship between soil, grapevine and wine is the fundamental part of the concept of "terroir" (where certain wine is produced, including factors such as soil, topography, climate, etc.). The purpose of this study was to autenticate the geographical origin of wines from Čazma wine area of the Moslavina region by ralating the concentration measured in wines and responding soils. Small and meddle vineyards with the most famous varieties of Čazma vineyards were sampled: škrlet, graševina, frankovka, chardonnay and rajnski rizling. Chemical elements in soil and wine were analyzed by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) method and by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and the results were interpreted using GIS, by studying statistically significant correlations linking soil and wine, and by a multivariate statistical method that analyzed major components between groups (BG -PCA, "Between-Group Principal Components Analysis"). By using multivariate statistical method BG-PCA based on log (cwine) / log (csoil) is possible to prove the geographical origin of the wine. It has been proved that the most famous wines of the Moslavina region, in Čazma vineyards, are separated from wines from the Ivanič-voloder wine area