The Promotion of Lifelong Vocational Education in Vocational Colleges

Abstract

연구의 목적 연구는 연구의 필요성에 기반을 두어 일반대학과 차별화할 수 있는 고등직업교육기관으로서의 전문대학이 평생학습사회에서 평생직업교육의 기능을 수행하는 데 필요한 다양한 제도 및 프로그램 운영의 개선 방안을 탐색함을 주목적으로 설정하였다. 연구의 내용 연구에서는 결론적으로 전문대학 평생직업교육에 관한 정부의 지원 정책과 전문대학의 추진 과제를 제언하기 위하여 외국의 동향 분석, 관련 법령 분석, 정부의 정책 현황 분석, 전문대학에서의 운영 현황 조사, 산업체의 수요 조사 등을 연구 내용으로 설정하였으며, 구체적인 연구 내용은 다음과 같다. □ 이론적 접근과 외국의 동향 평생직업교육 및 유사 용어의 개념과 연관성 선행연구 분석 외국의 관련 정책과 제도 및 프로그램 운영 동향 □ 관련 법령과 정부 정책 현황 평생직업교육 관련 법령 주요 부처의 지원사업과 박근혜정부의 국정과제 □ 전문대학의 현황과 산업체 요구 분석 학칙 분석을 통한 전문대학의 평생직업교육 현황 전문대학의 평생직업교육 현황 및 요구 분석 조사 산업체의 전문대학 평생직업교육 요구 분석 조사 □ 개선 방향과 정책 제언 개선 방향 - 정부 정책은 사회 동향과 연계성을 유지하고 있는가? - 현황과 수요 조사가 시사하는 바는 무엇인가? 정책 제언 - 정부의 지원 정책 - 전문대학의 추진 과제A. Purpose of Study Korean vocational colleges have contributed to the remarkable development of the economy by meeting the needs for manpower from industries. However, it does not now actively respond to the various needs from the lifelong learning society. The concept of‘the lifelong vocational education’in this research refers to vocational learning programs and systems that could be offered for everyone in society without limitations of times and places. The reasons why vocational colleges need to promote the lifelong vocational education could be approached from three standpoints. First, recent amendment of ‘the Higher Education Law’, which allowed for two-year vocational colleges to open bachelor degree courses, made it difficult to find the differences between four-year universities and two-year vocational colleges. This change implies that vocational colleges need to promote the lifelong vocational education for both adult learners and traditional students. Secondary, the new Korean Government, which began in 2012, announced various national agenda including lifelong education policies. Therefore, vocational colleges need to promote the lifelong vocational education so as to lead the excellent role over higher education institutes. Thirdly, socio-economic changes in the nation implies that vocational colleges need to promote the lifelong vocational education for the early retired, baby-boomers, and the old who still need jobs for their late lives. Based on the current situation, this study aims at analyzing the current situation of the lifelong vocational education in vocational colleges and exploring initiatives and tasks that the Government and vocational colleges need to follow in order to cope with the needs from society. B. Research Methods This study adopts several research methods. A review of the related literature is carried out, focusing on current situation and problems of the lifelong vocational education in vocational colleges. A series of conferences were held with government authorities, vocational educators, and authorities from industries with a view to developing initiatives and tasks for the promotion of the lifelong vocational education in vocational colleges. To conduct surveys, categories of questions to be analyzed were developed and selected. The main purposes of the surveys were to investigate the current status of the lifelong vocational education in vocational colleges and to draw ideas for government policies and initiatives of vocational colleges. The sample size of the survey for authorities in vocational colleges were 79 cases and that of the survey for authorities in industrial firms were 64 cases. Finally, a seminar was held to present the outcomes of this study and discuss the feasibility of the proposed initiatives and tasks. C. Policy Recommendations A set of initiatives and tasks are suggested to cope with the needs for the promotion of the lifelong vocational education in vocational colleges. a. The Government needs to develop ‘Korean Lifelong Vocational Education Model’ including proper time periods, contents of learning, and target groups in accordance with typical developmental stages of Korean people in society. The vocational colleges need to implement proper programs and systems within this model. b. The Government needs to develop ‘Korean Qualification Framework’ for maintaining the transparency and equivalence of outcomes achieved through the lifelong vocational education. c. ‘National Coordinating Committee’ needs to be newly organized to avoid the overlapping problems among policies for the lifelong vocational education from each goveremental departments concerned. d. The concept of the lifelong vocational education needs to be changed to cope with the changes in the Korean society. For this purpose, the Government needs to amend ‘the Vocational Education and Training Promotion Law’ into ‘the Lifelong Vocational Education Promotion Law.’ e. The Government needs to give priority to the disadvantaged in society in offering opportunities and programs of the lifelong vocational education. f. The Government should support vocational colleges that are making efforts to reflect various needs from the labour markets into their curriculum. g. The Government needs to develop and diffuse ‘the Standard Manual for the Lifelong Vocational Education’ so as to help those vocational colleges that start programs and systems of the lifelong vocational education in recent times.요약 xi 제1장 서 론_1 제1절 연구의 필요성과 목적3 제2절 연구 내용과 연구 방법론9 제3절 용어의 정의 18 제4절 연구의 범위와 한계점 19 제2장 이론적 접근과 외국의 동향_21 제1절 이론적 접근 23 제2절 외국의 동향 36 제3절 시사점 58 제3장 관련 법령과 정부 정책 현황_61 제1절 평생직업교육 관련 법령 현황 63 제2절 정부의 정책 현황 77 제3절 시사점 98 제4장 전문대학 현황과 산업체 요구 분석_103 제1절 학칙 분석을 통한 전문대학의 평생직업교육 현황 105 제2절 전문대학의 평생직업교육 현황 및 요구 분석 조사 109 제3절 산업체의 전문대학 평생직업교육 요구 분석 조사 161 제4절 요약 및 시사점 181 제5장 개선 방향과 정책 제언_207 제1절 개선 방향 209 제2절 정책 제언 230 SUMMARY_245 참고문헌_249 부 록_257 1. 전문대학의 평생직업교육 제도프로그램 운영 현황 및 요구 조사 설문지 259 2. 산업체의 전문대학 평생직업교육 제도프로그램에 대한 요구 조사설문지 26