The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic continues to be a major global public health issue. Since 2012, there has been a paucity of information from the RoC on HIV incidence and prevalence rates, national HIV program effectiveness, HAART rollout, patient adherence to treatment, operational and basic science research studies on HIV/AIDS, and donor funding and its impact from the RoC. We conducted a review of the existing literature on HIV in the RoC focused our review on prevalence trends, effectiveness of current HIV national program, HAART rollout, patient adherence to antiretrovirals (ARVs), resistance to ARVs, the cost of treatment and operational issues affecting HIV/AIDS programs in the RoC. In light of our findings we highlight several important priority areas for scaling-up HIV/AIDS services, programmatic and research activities in the Republic of Congo
