Sylvia, Martha

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ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst

2010 Cranberry Management Update: Winter Moth Warning

University of Massachusetts AmherstScholarWorks@UMass AmherstCranberry Station Extension meetings Cranberry Station Outreach and Public ServiceActivities20102010 Cranberry Management Update: WinterMoth WarningMartha SylviaUMass Cranberry Station, martys@umext.umass.eduFollow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cranberry_extensionPart of the Horticulture CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Cranberry Station Outreach and Public Service Activities at ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cranberry Station Extension meetings by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.Recommended CitationSylvia, Martha, "2010 Cranberry Management Update: Winter Moth Warning" (2010). Cranberry Station Extension meetings. 94.Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cranberry_extension/94UMass Cranberry Station Research Update Plymouth, MA  January 20, 2010Winter Moth Warningfor Cranberry!Thanks toRobert D. Childs and Joe ElkintonPlant, Soil, and Insect Sciences Dept.University of Massachusetts, AmherstMartha Sylvia Entomology LabCranberry Station UMass AmherstWinter Moth:- Has been in Nova Scotia for decades(1949)  - in apples and oaks- British Columbia (Vancouver 1976)- Only other finds in USA: - Washington state and Oregon.- in commercial blueberries.- Now, well-established in eastern MAand RI- Native to Europe, including EnglandWinter Moth:  where did it come from?Adults emerge November-January, mate, lay eggs and dieLife CycleEggs over-winter, larvae hatch early springLarvae feed all spring and pupate in late MayPupae in soil all summer and fall until adult emergence Slide courtesy of Dr. Joseph ElkintonPotential Host PlantsWinter Moth- Oaks- Maples- Birches- Crabapples- Apple- Blueberry- Cranberry…They do live on cranberry!Winter MothWinter moth mDNABruce  spanworm mDNAWinter moth is a green spanworm.Spanworms = Inchworms = GEOMETRIDS = 1000 different species!!Winter moth is Operophtera brumataGreen Spanworm is Itame SulphureaBruce SpanwormFall CankerwormFall Cankerworm Alsophila pometaria (Harris)“1/2” pair of prolegsWINTER MOTH: ON CRANBERRY?YES, YES, and YES• Picked up in cranberry sweeps– 40-60 per sweep set• Completed development on cranberry• Big fall flight 2009Multiple reports, Multiple regions• Carver• Plympton• Plymouth• Sandwich• Harwich• BrewsterFlightless femaleWinter Moth  Operophtera brumata- Big infestation 2005- Reduced numbers in 2006- Flight in 2007 - 2008 was less than previous years (snow?)- Countless dead and dying trees in southeastern MA- Heavy flight seen in Fall 2009- Watch your bog 2010!Slide courtesy of Dr. Joseph ElkintonWinter Moth• Sampling is going to be difficult• Hard to detect when small• Very similar to black-headed fireworm when tiny!Winter Moth Life Cycle- Eggs hatch approximately mid-April - Larvae weasel into buds and feed- Very hard to detect- Become free-feeders once buds open- Larvae drop to the soil to pupatelate May into early June in MA.- Adult moths start to appear fromThanksgiving……into January.WINTER MOTH Management• Intrepid • Delegate• Avaunt• Flood during flight!Introducing parasitoid from Europe: Release of  C. albicans 2005-20092005    200 mated females 2006 200 mated females 2007 1200 at 3 sites2008 3000 at 3 sites 2009 2040 at 1 site  Slide courtesy of Dr. Joseph ElkintonBiological control!

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2010 Cranberry Management Update: Winter Moth Warning

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