Averill, Anne L.

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University of Massachusetts AmherstScholarWorks@UMass AmherstCranberry Station Extension meetings Cranberry Station Outreach and Public ServiceActivities2006Research Update Meeting 2006 - InsectManagement 2006Anne L. AverillUniversity of Massachusetts - Amherst, averill@eco.umass.eduFollow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cranberry_extensionPart of the Horticulture CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Cranberry Station Outreach and Public Service Activities at ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cranberry Station Extension meetings by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst. For more information, please contact scholarworks@library.umass.edu.Recommended CitationAverill, Anne L., "Research Update Meeting 2006 - Insect Management 2006" (2006). Cranberry Station Extension meetings. 11.Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cranberry_extension/11Insect ManagementAnne AverillBlackheaded Sparganothis Cranberryfireworm fruitworm fruitwormMANAGEMENT REVIEW 2006• Outline–Status of compounds–Efficacy of compounds/new options–Management recommendations–Watch for new pest insects• Research highlightsAVAUNTnot available in 2006!!!• Previously allowed owing to Emergency Exemption for weevil outbreaks• Weevil outbreaks very rare now; no longer any emergency• Avaunt is moving through regular channels for full label; perhaps  in 2007ACTARA• This is it – only choice for Lorsban-resistant cranberry weevil• Zone II restricted• BUT: only option for resistant weevil: apply in Zone II  with approval letter through Cranberry Station and adhere to Zone II requirementsACTARAfor cranberry weevil management• Effective against spring & summer weevils• No caterpillar control seen (e.g. Spag, BHF)ACTARA• RATE:  2-4 oz/A per applicationDoes a lowered rate of Actara give control?•2005 field trial–Treatments•Avaunt: 6 oz (full rate), 4 oz•Actara: 2 oz and 3 oz•Control (no spray) Venturi tank mixer/sprayer used in field trials to mimic chemigation02468101214Pre-trt 2 DAT 5 DAT 8 DATMean weevils/sweep setControlAV 4 ozAV 6 ozACT 2 ozACT 3 ozCranberry weevil:  2005 large-plot trialACTARA•Good reports from growers using 2 or 3 oz•8 oz/A/season: if require multiple applications to manage weevil, lowered rate approach is neededPesticide treadmill and weevilWhat strategies areused elsewhere?Pepper weevilStrawberry clipperCotton boll weevilCRANBERRY WEEVIL•Attract weevils to area using attractive plant volatiles plus pheromone–E.g LASH = “Lure And Spray Headland”CRANBERRY WEEVIL• Attractive host plant volatilesTraps baited with damaged foliage capture more weevilsCRANBERRY WEEVIL• Pheromones?– Weevil relatives use similar compounds, different blends– Field trial: traps baited with – pepper weevil pheromone» Component 1» Component 2– cotton boll weevilYellow sticky panelbaited with pheromone00.511.522.5PW # 1 PW # 2 PW #1,2 CBW ControlMean weevil numberPW: pepper weevil pheromoneCBW: cotton boll weevil pheromoneNEXT STEPS–Already shown that blueberry floral volatiles are attractive–Identify/synthesize attractive compounds:  Cooperative project now set with chemists–Develop strategy to draw spring weevils to aggregation area and treatBLACKHEADED FIREWORMTarget small larvae•Sweep in early May•Young larvae hard to see in net•Intrepid, Diazinon cmpds of choiceINTREPID: NO ZONE II USE• Intrepid has Zone II restrictions• Because there are other options that work, Intrepid cannot be used in Zone II areas SPRAY TIMINGSConfirm and Intrepid• ASAP when average of 1-2 larvae detected by sweep/scan• Pheromone trap timing–3 weeks after ONSET of flight, again 10 days laterSPRAY TIMINGSDiazinon, SpinTor, Orthene (1st gen;May/June only)• ASAP when larvae detected by sweep/scan• Pheromone trap timing•10-14 days after PEAK moth flightCRANBERRY FRUITWORMSCREEN: REDUCED-RISK OPTIONS FOR CRANBERRY FRUITWORM• Avaunt activity good in 2005 field trial (300 GPA)• Two numbered DuPont compounds evaluatedFRUITWORM—lab screen• In lab, moths laid eggs on uprights• Upright treatments–Control (nothing)–HGW–E2Y11.517.599.1E2Y3.017.9100HGW12.13.848.0Control% slight surface feeding% dead eggs% larval mortalityTreatment0102030405060Control HGW E2Y% fruitworm damageFRUITWORM – FIELD TRIAL•Plots (with background infestation)seeded with fruitworm eggs.  •Single low-gallonage spray.CRANBERRY FRUITWORM• Control requires multiple sprays and excellent timing• First spray most important• Intrepid an ‘iffy’ choice• Heavy and lengthy flights observed• Overwintering survivorship high owing to snow cover?WHY IS FRUITWORM SUCH A PROBLEM some years?POPULATION REGULATION• Natural enemies• Food• SpaceTIMEPOPULATION DENSITY General equilibrium densityPEST MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMIC DECISIONSTIMEPOPULATION DENSITYEIL = lowest pest density that will cause economic damageSEVERE PEST:  GEP (average density) LIES ABOVE EIL (density that will cause economic loss)TIMEPOPULATION DENSITYGEPEILREDUCE NUMBERS STRATEGY: sanding, flooding TIMEPOPULATION DENSITYOLD GEPEILNEW GEPCultural practices changedWINTER MOTHWINTER MOTH--background• New ID in MA• Serious problems reported in MA blueberry• Extensive defoliation in Plymouth Co.• Many thanks to Bob Childs of UMASS Extension for materials used hereWINTER MOTH: A NEW PEST ON CRANBERRY?• Picked up in cranberry sweeps• Suspect damage –Report of serious early bud damage from unknown cause• In lab trials, completed development on cranberryWINTER MOTH• Native to Europe–So: natural enemies (e.g. diseases, predators) left behind–Result:  outbreaks• In Nova Scotia, Pacific NW–reported in BC cranberryWINTER MOTH—life cycle• Eggs hatch anywhere from late March to mid-April•Larvae “weasel” into buds and feed--Hard to detect--Move from bud to budFree-feed on foliage once buds openFemale is flightlessFlight:  mid to late November >>EGGSWINTER MOTH--management• Observed male flight?—check these areas with net• Monitor in early springLarvaemay balloononto bogsIs it winter moth or blackheaded fireworm?Is it winter moth or blackheaded fireworm?Winter Moth IDLooks just like blackheaded fireworm but it is an ‘inchworm’ or ‘looper with two pairs of anal prolegsWINTER MOTH• Once detected (when feeding on leaf surface) should be no problem to manage• Intrepid, SpinTor, Diazinon, maybe Sevin, Bt-based options e.g. DipelUMASS fact sheets• Winter moth–Go to www.umassgreeninfo.org–Click on “FACT SHEETS”–Click on “INSECTS AND MITES”–Click “DEFOLIATORS”–Scroll down to “WINTER MOTH”RIPlymouth County thought to be epicenterXXXTrap lines to establish distributionacross the bog habitat~1mmInsects in crop systems:  management based on cost of treatment • Direct pests–Damage harvested plant part• Lowest EILs• Anomala (=Exomala) orientalis, Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae• Pest in larval stage• Turf, ornamentals, cranberry, blueberry, strawberry, sweet potatoes20-25 mm long~8-11 mm longDamageRegionally important pest in Northeast.  But most important in NJ!Grubs feed on roots of turfgrasses, blueberries, ornamentals, strawberries.Adults cause no serious damage.Oriental beetleAnomala (=Exomala) orientalis

Research Update Meeting 2006 - Insect Management 2006

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Research Update Meeting 2006 - Insect Management 2006

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