Aldaghi, M.

Bertaccini, A.

Druart, Ph

Jijakli, Mohamed

Lepoivre, Philippe

Massart, Sébastien

Phytoplasmas are associated with several hundred plant diseases worldwide, including numerous
ones with important economical impact. Control of epidemic outbreak of phytoplasma
diseases can be theoretically carried out by antibiotics. However, they are expensive, not
allowed or prohibited in several countries, and even not always efficient. Presently, effective
but safe antimicrobial agents are needed to control severe phytoplasma diseases in field. The
aim of the present study was to evaluate the susceptibility of 'Candidatus Phytop6smamaliJ
to several chemical or synthetic antimicrobial agents. We tested nisin, esculetin, pyrithione
and chloramphenicol as molecules having different target activities against micro-organisms.
Because of their antimicrobial properties against fungi and bacteria, 4 phyto-essential oils
(carvacrol, eugenol, terpineol, a-pinene) had also been tested. The activity of these molecules
was compared with two antibiotics (tetracycline and enrofloxacin) used as control
products. All these compounds were tested in in vitro culture of apples (MM106) infected by
'Ca. P. mali'. All compounds were added to the proliferation medium (modified MS) after
autoclaving'at 3 concentrations (100, 500, 1,000 ppm), except nisin and pyrithione which
were tested at 10, 100 and 500 ppm. Phytoplasma infection was quantified in plant materials
by real-time PCR before their transfer and after one or two months of culture in the presence
of antimicrobial agents. Primary results showed that phytoplasma were not detectable after
one and two months in the presence of pyrithione (at 10 and 100 ppm). Moreover, some other
products reduced the concentration of phytoplasma after two months. Shoots died or withered
on media enriched with essential oils; that made them impossible to assess, especially
when they were used at concentration of 500 and 1,000 pp

Aldaghi M.

S. Massart

P. Druart

M. H. Jijakli

P. Lepoivre

BERTACCINI, ASSUNTA

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

Preliminary evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some chemicals on in vitro apple shoots infected by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali'.

Open Repository and Bibliography - Liège

http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/bitstream/2268/27702/1/N%c2%b0397%20-Aldaghi%202008.pdf

Preliminary evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some chemicals on in vitro apple shoots infected by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali'.

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Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

Open Repository and Bibliography - Liège