University of Zagreb. Faculty of Science. Department of Mathematics.
Abstract
U radu se upoznajemo s najvećim otkrićima grčkih matematičara sve do Euklida. Stari Grci su uvelike utjecali na znanost, posebno na matematiku, a njihov utjecaj je vidljiv još i danas. Oko 500. godine prije Krista je došlo do preokreta u matematici jer je ona u to doba pod utjecajem pitagorejske škole postala apstraktna, a tvrdnje su se počele dokazivati. U prvom poglavlju ovog rada navodimo biografske podatke o Talesu te njegov doprinos matematici. U drugom poglavlju se upoznajemo s Pitagorom i njegovim sljedbenicima - pitagorejcima. U trećem poglavlju saznat ćemo na koji način su starogrčki matematičari nastojali riješiti tri problema starogrčke matematike. Nadalje, u četvrtom poglavlju ćemo se upoznati i s drugim starogrčkim matematičarima, među kojima su najistaknutiji Zenon i Eudoks. Rad završavamo s opisom primjene navedenih otkrića u nastavi matematike te naglaskom na diskusiji sličnosti i razlika starogrčkog i suvremenog pristupa današnjim školskim matematičkim temama.The thesis presents the greatest discoveries of the Greek mathematician before Euclid. The ancient Greeks greatly influenced science, especially mathematics, and their influence is visible even today. About 500 BC a significant turn in mathematics appeared as the influence of the Pythagoreans changed it into an abstract science in which claims have to be proven. In the first chapter of the thesis we present biographical information about Thales and his contribution to mathematics. In the second chapter we meet Pythagoras and his followers - the Pythagoreans. In the third chapter, we describe how the ancient Greek mathematicians tried to solve three classical problems of ancient Greek mathematics. Furthermore, in the fourth chapter deals with other ancient Greek mathematicians of the time, including Zeno and Eudoxus. The thesis concludes with a description of the application of these discoveries in modern mathematics education, with emphasis on the discussion of similarities and differences of the ancient Greek and modern approach
