AJ Mitchell

B Fried

B Sripa

BI Choi

BL Fredensborg

BN Evers

BT Dung

C Sommerville

CAM Lima dos Santos

DL Venable

DN Thanh

DT Dung

F Ben-Ami

Henry Madsen

I Barber

International Agency for Research on Cancer

J Brodersen

J Cote

J Keiser

Jay R Stauffer

JH Clausen

JJ Ledford

JM Hilbe

JR Stauffer

JY Chai

K Natthawut

KV Van

LG Nico

LT Hop

M Halwart

M Zuschin

MV Tai

Nguyen M Hung

Nguyen V Duc

NM Hung

NT Le

NTL Anh

NV De

O Mochida

PC Thien

R Slootweg

R Toledo

RAM Brandt

RJC Hoogershood

RQ Lin

S Mas-Coma

S Nissen

T Jensen

TV Phan

WL Shelton

Y Sen-Hai

ZR Lun

Parasites & Vectors

Abstract
          
            Background
            The risks of fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZT) to human health constitute an important problem in Vietnam. The infection of humans with these trematodes, such as small liver trematodes (Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini), intestinal trematodes (Heterophyidae) and others is often thought to be linked to fish culture in areas where the habit of eating raw fish is common. Juvenile fish produced in nurseries are often heavily infected with FZT and since fishes are sold to aquaculture facilities for growth, control of FZT in these fishes should be given priority. Controlling the first intermediate host (i.e., freshwater gastropods), would be an attractive approach, if feasible. The black carp, Mylopharyngodon piceus, is a well-known predator of freshwater snails and is already used successfully for biological control of snails in various parts of the world including Vietnam. Here we report the first trials using it for biological control of intermediate host snails in nursery ponds stocked with 1-week old fry (10–12 mm in length) of Indian carp, Labeo rohita.
          
          
            Methods
            Semi-field and field experiments were set up to test the effect of black carp on snail populations. In the semi-field experiment a known quantity of snails was initially introduced into a pond which was subsequently stocked with black carp. In the field trial in nursery ponds, density of snails was estimated prior to a nursing cycle and at the end of the cycle (after 9 weeks).
          
          
            Results
            The results showed that black carp affect the density of snail populations in both semi-field and field conditions. The standing crop of snails in nursery ponds, however, was too high for 2 specimens to greatly reduce snail density within the relatively short nursing cycle.
          
          
            Conclusions
            We conclude that the black carp can be used in nursery ponds in Northern Vietnam for snail control. Juvenile black carp weighing 100 - 200g should be used because this size primarily prey on intermediate hosts of FZT and other studies have shown that it does not prey on fish fry of other species. It may be necessary to use a high stocking density of black carp or to reduce snail density in the nursery ponds using other measures (e.g. mud removal) prior to stocking fry in order for the black carp to keep the density of intermediate host snails at a very low level.
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Crossref

Use of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) in biological control of intermediate host snails of fish-borne zoonotic trematodes in nursery ponds in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

https://parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1756-3305-6-142?site=parasitesandvectors.biomedcentral.com

Use of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) in biological control of intermediate host snails of fish-borne zoonotic trematodes in nursery ponds in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

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