A Callebert

A Gilsenan

Arsène Mullie

B Broeckaert

B Jaspers

C Leget

C Saunders

C Seale

CAM Hains

E Keyser De

E Roeland

F Heylighen

F Randall

G Pousset

GK Kimsma

H Enden Van den

H Kuhse

HR Pasman

HT Engelhardt

J Bernheim

J Cohen

J Griffiths

J Pereira

J Rawls

Jan L. Bernheim

JD Tariman

JL Bernheim

JM López-Saca

JN Erdman

K Chambaere

K Meeussen

L Anquinet

L Deliens

L Janssens

LJ Materstvedt

M Dees

M Lanssens

M Liverani

M-A Bruno

MC Jansen-van der Weide

MC Nussbaum

ME Boer de

Michael A. Ashby

MJ Johnstone

ML Rurup

MP Gómez

P Lewis

P Theuns

P Vanden Berghe

P Zulueta de

R Cohen-Almagor

R Hunt

R Lenaers

R Wheeler

S Woods

SA Hurst

T Smets

TE Quill

W Burg van der

W Distelmans

Wim Distelmans

Y Wesemael Van

Abstract
          This article analyses domestic and foreign reactions to a 2008 report in the British Medical Journal on the complementary and, as argued, synergistic relationship between palliative care and euthanasia in Belgium. The earliest initiators of palliative care in Belgium in the late 1970s held the view that access to proper palliative care was a precondition for euthanasia to be acceptable and that euthanasia and palliative care could, and should, develop together. Advocates of euthanasia including author Jan Bernheim, independent from but together with British expatriates, were among the founders of what was probably the first palliative care service in Europe outside of the United Kingdom. In what has become known as the Belgian model of integral end-of-life care, euthanasia is an available option, also at the end of a palliative care pathway. This approach became the majority view among the wider Belgian public, palliative care workers, other health professionals, and legislators. The legal regulation of euthanasia in 2002 was preceded and followed by a considerable expansion of palliative care services. It is argued that this synergistic development was made possible by public confidence in the health care system and widespread progressive social attitudes that gave rise to a high level of community support for both palliative care and euthanasia. The Belgian model of so-called integral end-of-life care is continuing to evolve, with constant scrutiny of practice and improvements to procedures. It still exhibits several imperfections, for which some solutions are being developed. This article analyses this model by way of answers to a series of questions posed by Journal of Bioethical Inquiry consulting editor Michael Ashby to the Belgian authors.</jats:p

Crossref

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry

Questions and Answers on the Belgian Model of Integral End-of-Life Care: Experiment? Prototype?

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11673-014-9554-z.pdf

Questions and Answers on the Belgian Model of Integral End-of-Life Care: Experiment? Prototype?

Abstract

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