Fikere, Mulusew

Leggesse, Teshome

Tadesse, Tadele

University of Queensland eSpace

  
 
 
Vol. 5(9), pp. 557-560, September 2013  
DOI: 10.5897/IJBC11.034 
ISSN 2141-243X © 2013 Academic Journals  
http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC 
International Journal of Biodiversity  
and Conservation 
 
 
 
 
Full Length Research Paper 
 
Registration of “Dibannee”, a newly released linseed 
variety for Bale Highlands, Ethiopia 
 
Tadele Tadesse*, Mulusew Fikre and Teshome Leggesse 
 
Sinana Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 208, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia. 
 
Accepted 25 July, 2013 
 
Dibanee (CI-1525x CDC 1747/21), a medium height brown seed variety of linseed was selected and 
developed by Sinana Agricultural Research Center, eastern Oromia, Ethiopia.  The variety was released 
in 2009 for Bale highlands and similar agro-ecologies. This variety was selected from the variety trial 
tested together with 15 other test genotypes and checks (local cultivar and the previously released 
variety for comparison) at 6 environments and two locations (Sinana and Lower dinsho) in the 
highlands of Bale Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia  for three consecutive years (2005/06 to 2007/08). After the 
trial had been conducted for the above three consecutive years, this variety was selected and verified 
for one more season in order to see its performance across locations. Finally, due to its superior 
performance, dibannee was selected and verified at four locations during bona 2008/09 cropping 
season and thereby released for production. This variety is characterized by brown seed color, having 
high yield with yield advantage of 11.42 and 19.80% over the standard and local checks respectively. It 
is stable, best adapted, having large number of capsules per plant, thousand seed weight, and oil 
content, moderately resistant to powdery mildew, pasmo and wilt.  
 
Key words: Dibannee, variety registration, oil content 
 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
Linseed, Linum usitatissimum L. (n = 15), also called flax, 
is an important oilseed crop which belongs to the family 
linaceae having 14 genera and over 200 species. 
Linseed is the only widely grown and economically 
important species. It is believed that this crop species 
may have originated from Linum angustifolium Huds (n = 
15), native to the Mediterranean region. The genus Linum 
has both cultivated and wild species. The wild species 
have little economic value. Almost all the species are 
annual herbs and some are shrubs. L. usitatissimum L. is 
the only species with non-dehiscent or semi-dehiscent 
capsules suitable for modern cultivation of the family 
linaceae (Getinet and Nigussie, 1997). L. usitatissimum 
L. is one of the oldest plant species cultivated for oil and 
fiber (Lay and Dybing, 198; Belayneh, 1985; Mirza et al., 
1996). The crop is predominantly self pollinated, but out 
crossing (less than 2%) occasionally results from insect 
activity (Dillman, 1928). On the basis of growth habit, two 
types (long stemmed and short stemmed) are 
recognized. Long stem linseed produces a high quality 
fiber but the oil content of the seed is relatively low. On 
the other hand, short-stemmed linseed bears larger 
seeds of high oil content and has a branching tendency 
(Kaul, 1986) 
The development of cultivars, which are adapted to a 
wide range of diversified environments, is the ultimate 
aim of plant breeders in a crop improvement program 
(Muhammad et al., 2003). The adaptability of a variety 
over diverse environments is commonly evaluated by the 
degree of its interaction with different environments in 
which it is grown. A variety is considered to be more 
stable if it has a high mean yield but a low degree of 
fluctuation in yielding ability when planted over diverse 
environments
 
(Purchase, 1997). 
 
*Corresponding author. E-mail: tadyeko20@gmail.com or tadeleta20@yahoo.com. 
558         Int. J. Biodivers. Conserv. 
 
 
 
Genotype by environment interactions is important 
facts in cultivar evaluations. GxE interaction is considered 
as quantitative effect (Romagosa and Fox, 1993; Baker, 
1988), which is composed of genotype (G) x location (L), 
genotype (G) x year (Y), and genotype (G) x location (L) 
x year (Y) constituents.  
Dibannee (CI-1525 x CDC 1747/21), the variety 
released by Sinana Agricultural Research Center, 
Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia in 2009, originally resulted from 
the cross of the released varieties CI-1525 and CDC 
1747/21 in 1998. Then, from 1999 to 2003, the subse-
quent generation was handled till the desired traits in the 
genotypes was fixed and the segregation of the gene-
ration was completed. In 2004, 25 genotypes were 
selected from the previous generation and evaluated in 
the yield trial at the main research center, Sinana. Then 
from 2005/06 to 2007/08, the variety dibanne, along with 
other 14 genotypes were evaluated in the multi-location 
trial to see its yielding potential and its reaction to some 
linseed disease. After the multi-location trial had been 
conducted for three consecutive years (2005/06 to 
2007/08), dibannee was selected out of fifteen genotypes 
to be verified over locations and then evaluated by the 
National Variety Releasing Committee as per the guide 
line of the variety releasing and registration of the country 
during 2009 cropping season. 
 
 
METHODOLOGY 
 
Testing location and season 
 
The experiment was carried out at two locations. One of the 
experiments was conducted at the research farm of Sinana 
Agricultural Research Center, Oromia Agriculture Research 
Institute, Sinana, and the other at a site in the farmer’s field, Lower 
Dinsho. The experiment was conducted from the cross till the 
verification trial (1998 to 2007/08) at each location on vertisol clay 
loam soil under rain fed conditions during the meher season 
(August-January) of 2001/2002 cropping season. Sinana Research 
Center (7°N latitude and 40°E longitude; and 2400 m a.s.l.) is 
located 463 km south east of Addis Ababa and East of Robe, the 
capital of Bale zone. The other location is located 45 km from 
Sinana and about 5 km from Robe in the Southwest direction. 
Because of the suitability of the region for linseed production, it is 
expected that the test genotypes would express their genetic 
potential to a higher extent for the traits under consideration. 
This variety was been released after it has been evaluated in the 
screening and evaluation of the segregating generation for the 
subsequent years. In the yield trial, a total of 25 genotypes inclu-
ding the local cultivar and the previously released varieties was 
evaluated using simple lattice design at Sinana on-station for one 
season. At this time, agronomic data such as days to flower, days 
to maturity, plant height, stand percentage, thousand seed weight, 
yield/plot was collected in plant and plot basis. Finally, the collected 
data was subjected to statistical analysis to select the genotypes as 
compared to the checks. In the multi-location trial, 15 genotypes 
retained from the yield trial were further evaluated at two locations 
for three years in the verti-clay loam soil to show its stability across 
location. The genotypes in the multi-location trial were evaluated 
using randomized completed design with four replications. Fertilizer 
at the rate of 23/23 N/P2O5 was applied and hand weeding was 
done twice. Agronomic and yield data were collected and subjected  
 
 
 
 
to statistical analysis in order to identify the best genotypes out of 
the evaluated genotypes. Finally, dibanne was selected and verified 
along with local cultivar, and two standard checks, previously 
released varieties at the main station Sinana and at the other 
research field, Lower Dinsho for one season. The verification trial 
was evaluated by the National Variety Releasing Committee at field 
condition and was been released fully for the highlands of bale and 
similar agro-ecologies.  
 
 
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 
 
Varietal characters 
 
Dibanne has medium plant size with brown seed color. On average, 
this variety needs 76 days for flowering, and 150 days to reach 
physiological maturity. It has plant height of 74 cm. It has brown 
seed coat with pink flower. The average weight of thousand seeds 
is 5.7 g. The variety has an oil content of 38.0% (Table 1). 
 
 
Yield performance 
 
The average seed yield of dibannee combined over locations and 
over years is 1.16 t/ha which is higher than Belay-96 (standard 
check) (1.041 t/ha), and the local check (0.88 t/ha). The variety 
gives seed yield of 1.5 to 2.0 t/ha on the research field whereas it 
gives 1.0 to 1.25 t/ha on farmers field. This variety has yield 
advantage of 11.42 and 19.80% over the standard and local 
checks, respectively (Table 2).  
 
 
Reaction to disease 
 
The major linseed diseases according to their importance in the 
growing areas are powdery mildew (Odium spp.), pasmo (Septoria 
linicola) and Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) (Getinet and Nigussie, 
1997). In 1-9 rating scale, dibannee scored a mean of 4 for all the 
above mentioned diseases. The variety is characterized by 
moderately resistance types of reaction to these major diseases at 
all the sites. The disease score for the variety and the checks are 
summarized in Table 1.    
 
 
Quality  
 
The variety is characterized by having high percent of oil content 
which can serve as cash crops for the farming community. It is 
preferred by both consumers and producers due to its oil content 
and seed size.  
 
 
Adaptation 
 
Dibannee is released for the highlands of Bale. It performs very well 
in area having an altitude of 1800 to 2600 m.a.s.l and annual rain 
fall of 750 to 1000 mm. It can also possibly extend the production of 
this variety to other areas having similar agro-ecologies. This 
variety give better grain yield if it is produced with recommended 
fertilizer rate of 23/23 kg/ha N2/P2O5 and seed rate of 25 to 30 kg/ha 
in clay-loam soil. For better performance of the variety it is better if 
planting is done from the end of July to early August in Meher and 
to the end of March during Belg season.  
 
 
Variety maintenance  
 
Breeder and foundation seed of the variety is maintained by Sinana 
Agricultural Research Center. 
Tadesse et al.         559 
 
 
 
Table 1. Mean grain yield, other agronomic traits and disease reaction of dibannee and the checks in multi-location test during 2005-2007/08. 
 
Entry 
Days to 
flower 
Days to 
maturity 
Plant height 
(cm) 
Stand (%) 
1000 seed 
weight (g) 
Oil content 
(%) 
Disease score (1-9)
a 
Mean grain yield 
(t/ha)
b
 PM. Pasmo Wilt 
Dibannee (CI-1525 x 
CDC 1747/21) 
76 150 74 68 5.7 38.0 4 4 4 1.160 
Belay-96 76 151 74 70 5 35.5 5 6 5 1.041 
Local check 75 149 75 71 5 36.8 5 5 6 0.968 
Mean 76 150 74 70 5.23 36.76    1.06 
 
PM, Powdery mildew; 
a
Disease score based on 1-9 scale where 1 is highly  resistance and 9 is highly susceptible; 
b
average grain yield of 6 environments (2 locations x 3 
years). 
 
 
 
Table 2. Combined mean seed yield and other agronomic traits of linseed regional variety trial over years (2004-2006) and over two locations (Sinana and Lower-dinsho). 
 
P# Entry 
Days to 
flower 
Days to 
mature 
Plant height 
(cm) 
Stand 
(%) 
1000 seed 
welght (g) 
Seed yield 
(kg/ha) 
(Disease 1-9 scale) 
Powdery mildew Pasmo Wilt. 
1 Accn. 13542 71 144 70 76 4.9 1001 5 5 5 
2 Accn. 13640 69 139 57 77 3.9 784 6 6 4 
3 Accn. 204741 69 140 57 78 4.9 915 4 5 6 
4 Accn. 207202 64 140 57 77 5.0 922 5 5 4 
5 Accn. 207206 63 139 56 78 5.3 1021 5 5 4 
6 Accn. 207210 64 139 57 78 5.2 1015 5 5 6 
7 Accn. 207233 67 140 57 73 4.7 889 5 5 5 
8 Accn. 207972 68 140 56 77 3.4 958 5 5 5 
9 Chilalo x CDC 1747/18 79 145 74 81 5.2 1076 4 4 4 
10 
CI-1525 x CDC 1747/21 
(Dibannee) 
73 145 72 79 5.7 1169 4 4 4 
11 CI-1525 x CDC 1747/32 69 141 61 78 5.4 922 4 4 4 
12 PGRC/E 10166 73 145 72 79 5.0 1129 4 4 4 
13 Belay-96 (St. check) 73 145 72 78 5.0 1054 4 5 4 
14 Chilalo (St. Check) 75 144 75 79 5.0 967 5 6 5 
15 Local check 73 145 74 76 5.0 1008 5 5 6 
 Mean 70 142 65 77 4.91 989    
 CV (%) 2.04 1.43 8.41 7.50 3.93 16.60    
 LSD 5 (%) 1.99 2.83 7.56 8.08 0.27 228.50    
 
560         Int. J. Biodivers. Conserv. 
 
 
 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  
 
We thank OARI for financing the development of the 
varieties. We also thank the staff of Sinana Agricultural 
Research Center for facilitating the necessary 
requirement during the trial. We acknowledge Ato Tamiru 
Tadesse, Ato Siyum Ayele, Ato G/Igziabher Reda, Ato 
Hailu Tolosa, Ato Hailu Reta and Ato Negash Mohamed 
and staff of Breeding and Genetics of Sinana for data 
collection and trial management.  
 
 
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Registration of Dibannee, a newly released linseed variety for Bale Highlands, Ethiopia

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Registration of Dibannee, a newly released linseed variety for Bale Highlands, Ethiopia

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