RECOVER project - Relaunching Collective Bargaining Coverage in Outsourced Services

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IT activities in France and ItalyJOAN  RODRÍGUEZ  SOLERCENTRE  D’ESTUDIS SOCIOLÒGICS SOBRE  LA  VIDA  QUOTIDIANA I  EL  TREBALL |  UABRelaunching Collective Bargaining in Outsourced ServicesIntroduction Activities immersed in several changes: Digital transition, platform economics, off‐shoring (France) But with growth in the last ten years (even in the economic crisis) Activities linked to a wide range of professional profiles: Italy: software publishing, computer programming and data processing, hosting and web portals. France: computer programming, computer systems and software consultancy, maintenance of computer systems and applications, management of computer systemsOutsourcing in IT activitiesOutsourcing in IT activities: Support of the information system of the client by an IT services provider, with or without transfer of client resources (workers and infrastructure)So, we are facing two situations: 1. The IT services provider uses its own structures, tools, workforce, etc. to provide the service2. The IT services provider “sends” its employees – for a certain period – working on the client’s premises. This displacement of workers can last few or several months, depending on the service required. Reasons to outsourcing: Italy: problems of production capacity, transfer of pressures, risks, responsibilities, access to external specializations (start‐up case) France: cost reductions, transfer of pressures and risksProviders: Main form: IT services companies plus self‐employees, TAW Increasement of outsourcing online (work through digital platforms,)Outsourcing scheme in ItalyClient IT servicesproviderAnother IT company(usually smaller)Temporary workersSelf‐employeesOutsourcing scheme in ItalyProviders: Main form: IT services companies plus self‐employees, TAW Increasement of outsourcing online (work through digital platforms,)Client IT servicesproviderAnother IT company(usually smaller)Temporary workersSelf‐employeesNot coveredProviders: Main form: IT services companies plus self‐employees, TAW Increasement of outsourcing online (work through digital platforms,)Outsourcing scheme in ItalyClient IT servicesproviderAnother IT company(usually smaller)Temporary workersSelf‐employees15%Outsourcing scheme in FranceProviders: Main form: IT services companies (large international companies) plus SMEs, self‐employees,…ClientIT services providerAnother IT company(usually smaller)Self‐entrepreneursSelf‐employees, free‐lanceIntermediationcompanies(portage salarial)Outsourcing scheme in FranceProviders: Main form: IT services companies (large international companies) plus SMEs, self‐employees,…ClientIT services providesAnother IT company(usually smaller)Self‐entrepreneursSelf‐employees, free‐lanceIntermediationcompanies(portage salarial)Not coveredOutsourcing scheme in FranceProviders: Main form: IT services companies (large international companies) plus SMEs, self‐employees,…ClientIT services providerAnother IT company(usually smaller)Self‐entrepreneursSelf‐employees, free‐lanceIntermediationcompanies(portage salarial)≈20%Little weight(≈ marginal)Collective bargaining systemTwo different situations: Italy: highly fragmented representation of IT workers No specific collective agreement Several Collective agreements according to the “history” of the company (engineering, telecommunications, trade and services agreements)  Several federations of traditional trade unions, structures for workers with non‐standard forms of employment, professional associations  France: highly regulated scheme  One collective agreement that include a wide range of profiles (SYNTEC agreement: NCA for Technical Consultants, Consulting Engineering Firms and Consulting Firms) Trade unions and employers organized around the collective agreement, also professional unions  National collective agreement for intermediation companies (NCC of portage salarial) In both cases: membership is lowCoverage problemsMain common effects of outsourcing for IT workers :Workload intensification Italy: Not adequate regulation of smart working, problems of working time, fair compensation France: addition of tasks not included in service contract, work by deadlines, excessive working time Health and safety problems Technostress, burn‐out, exposure to electromagnetic fields,...Individualization of workers (a “common identity” among workers ) and working conditions High mobility of IT workers among workplaces (clients) High fragmentation of workers in the same workplace Smart working, online work → higher levels of isolaƟon (Italy)Strategies to solve coverageproblemsItaly: linked to the self‐employee figure Debate between, and even within, trade unions around self‐employees: Must they be included in a collective agreement? What kind of collective agreement? Unions structures to promote the creation of spaces for discussion and experience‐sharing (mainly online platforms, social media, new media) Campaigns or initiatives to lobby/discuss  their situation, “out of workplace” (social networks, on line media,…)France: linked to the intensification of workload and individualization of workers Initiatives to promote a new labour contract in order to define better tasks, workload and resources Fight against formulas as the work by deadlines that increase the workload and can generate psychosocial risks Improve the articulation of the union action The effective application of the national collective agreementConclusionsHigh effects of outsourcing on the collective bargaining coverage in several ways: Outsourcing erodes the application of collective bargaining agreements Outsourcing hinders or makes it difficult the union action in order to better protect IT workers Outsourcing allows “more extreme expressions”: Smart working (IT) and offshoring (FR)THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!Professions on Syntec CA

IT activities in France and Italy

https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/presentacions/2018/200920/6_IT_activities_in_France_and_Italy.pdf

IT activities in France and Italy

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