The concept of heresy is a historical-religious and Judeo-Christian product born within the first communities in the first century A.D. Behind the term which means ‘choi-ce’ one must see not only the dialectic between orthodoxy and heterodoxy, but also the intertwining of thought elaborations and power dynamics. If on the doctrinal level the heresy reflects the attempts of the first communities to build their own identity with re-spect to Greek philosophy, the constitution of the crime reflects the political tensions and the different phases of the history of the Roman Empire
