The aim of this thesis is to gain insight in the complicated
process of cell-polymer interactions by measuring both physicochemical and biological parameters in order to be able to predict the ultimate succes of the implantation of a biomaterial on basis of material characteristics. ...

Zie: Summary

Schakenraad, Josephus Maria,

University of Groningen Digital Archive

Cell-polymer interactions

Schakenraad, Josephus Maria

University of Groningen

   University of GroningenCell-polymer interactionsSchakenraad, Josephus MariaIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:1987Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Schakenraad, J. M. (1987). Cell-polymer interactions. s.n.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 12-11-2019SUMITIÀRYThe app l ica t j -on  o f  a r t i f i c ia l  mater ia ls  fo r  the  rep lacement  o rimprovemenÈ o f  d iseased or  no t  op t ima l ly  func t ion ing  organs ,  hasincreased enormous ly  dur ing  the  las t  two decades.  We on lym e n t i o n  p a c e m a k e r s ,  h a r t v a l v e s ,  b l o o d v e s s e l s ,  b o n e  p l a t e s ,ar t i f i c ia l  jo in ts  e tc .  More  commonly  app l ied  are  po lymers  fo rt h e  c o n s t r u c t i o n  o f  l e n s e s ,  h e a r i n g  a i d s ,  s p e c t a c l e s ,  a r c hsuppor ts  and o f  course  denta l  p ro theses .  The app l ica t ion  o fpo lymers  on  the  human body  (as  e .g .  lenses)  seems s imp le ,  bu tc o m p l i c a t i o n s  a s  e . g .  a l l e r g y  o f t e n  o c c u r .  P o l y m e r s  f o rimp lan ta t ion  purposes  are  in  very  c lose  contac t  w i th  ce l l s  o fthe  human body ;  the  se l -ec t ion  o f  these mater ia ls  has  to  beper fo rmed w i th  g rea t  care .  The uL t imate  success  o f  theimp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  o r  on  the  human body  depends onmany parameters i  some can be  s tud ied  a t  labora tory  sca1e,  o therscan on ly  be  accura te ly  s tud ied  under  in  v ivo  or  in  s i tuc i r c u m s t a n c e s .The a im o f  th is  thes is  i s  to  ga in  ins igh t  in  the  compl ica tedprocess  o f  ceJ- l -po lymer  in te rac t ions  by  measur ing  bo th  phys ico-chemica l  and b io log ica l  parameters  in  o rder  to  be  ab le  topred ic t  the  u l t imate  succes  o f  the  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia lo n  b a s i s  o f  m a t e r i a l  c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .In  chapter  l ,  a  l i te raÈure  survey  o f  the  present  "s ta te  o f  thea r t "  i n  t h e  f i e l d  o f  c e l l - p o l y m e r  i n t e r a c t i o n s  i s  p r e s e n t e d .The in f luence o f  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  ze ta  po ten t ia l ,the  in te r fac ia l  f ree  energy  o f  adhes ion  and the  adsorp t ion  o fp r o t e i n s  o n  c e l l u l a r  a d h e s i o n  a n d  s p r e a d i n g  a r e  d i s c u s s e d .In  chapter  2 ,  lh .e  in f luence o f  the  subs t ra tum sur face  f reeenergy  (wet tab i l i t y )  o f  a  b iomater ia l  on  the  spread ing  andgrowth  o f  ce l l s  i s  s tud ied .  Ce l l  spread ing  is  de termined bysubs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy  in  the  presence and absence o fserum pro te ins .  Subs t ra ta  w i th  a  h igh  sur face  f ree  energy(wet tab le ,  hydrophy l i c  mater ia ls )  favour  ce l1  spread ing ,  whereaslow energy  subs t ra ta  (hydrophob ic  mater ia ls )  d is favour  ce l lspread ing ,  bo th  in  the  presence and in  the  absence o f  serump r o t e i n s .In  chapter  3 ,  the  thermodynamica l  aspec ts  o f  ce l l  spread inga r e  d i s c u s s e d .  F a c t o r s  i n f l u e n c i n g  c e l 1 u 1 a r  a d h e s i o n  a n dspread ing ,  nex t  to  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  a re :i n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n ,  c e 1 l u l a r  s u r f a c e  f r e eenergy  and ze ta  po ten t ia l  o f  ce l l  and  po lymer .  V ' lhen  thei n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n  i s  p o s i t i v e  ( i n d i c a t i n g  t h a tenergy  is  needed fo r  adhes ion)  ce l lu la r  adhes ion  and spread ingare  un favourab le  and v ice  versa .Immedia te ly  a f te r  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  the  body  i t .w i l l  be  covered by  pro te ins .  I t  i s  ev ident  tha t  p ro te inadsorp t ion  compl ica tes  a  thorough unders tand ing  o f  ce l lu la radhes ion  and spread i -ng .I t  i s  shown in  chapter  4  tha t  indeed subs t ra tumcharac ter is t i cs  deÈermine the  spread ing  area  o f  a  ce l l ,  mostl i ke ly  by  in f luenc ing  the  amount  o f  con tac t  s i tes ,  whereas  thenature of  the prote in coat ing det .ermines the d is tance betweencel l  and substratum. The substrat .um sur face f ree energy remainsto in f luence cel lu lar  adhesion and spreading,  despi te-Èhep resence  o f  a  p ro t , e i n  1aye r .-  _ ïn chapter  5 the in f luence of  prote in adsorpt ion on abiomater ia l  upon substratum sur fàce f ree ener-gy,  in f raredabsorpt ion ar id ce11 spreading is  s tudied.  edsóiÈed prote inst ransfer  the or ig inal  substraÈum sur face f ree energy to theinter face wi th spreading cel ls ,  as demonstrated by shi f ts  ininf rared absorpt ion bands and changes in sur face i ree energy;thereforer  Èhe or ig inal  substratum sur face f ree energyrmostl i ke l y  w i l l  r ema in  t o  domina te  ce l l  sp read ing .rn chapter 6 we demonstrated that the resuits obtained inv i t ro f rom the s ingle parameters (chapters 2 and 3 )  are not  onlyval id  under in  v i t ro condi t ions,  but  à lso in  a l iv ing organism. 'An in v ivo model  to  s tudy cel l -polymer in teract ions wasdeveloped in which iÈ was demonstràted that  the pat tern of  inv ivo cel l  growth was a lmost  ident ica l  to  the pat lern of  in  v i t roce l l  sp read ing .-  F ina lLy ,  i n  chap te r  7  a  " s ta tus  p raesens "  o f  i n te r fac ia lthermodynamicsr  prote in adsorpt ion and cel lu lar  adhesion ispresented.  Addi t ional ly  some suggest ions for  fuÈureinvest igat ions and possib le appl icat ions in  the , 'surg ical  f ie ld, ,have been descr ibed.The f ina l  conclus ion of  th is  thesis  is  that  subsl ratum sur facefree energy can be regarded as a sui table parameter  to predicÈcel lu lar  adhesion,  spreading and growth on b ionater ia ls l  and istherefore a very usefu l  guide to éelect  mater ia ls  forimplantat ion purposes..illFiDe toepass ing  rvan z ieke of  n ieÈjaren een steeds rpacemakers,  har tk .maar ook aan hoortpru iken,  kunsÈgeb:aan het  mensel i jkcoml icat ies a ls  b ' ,Kunststof fen voor ,contakt met weef,srmater ia len zeer  c limplantat ie  is  varkunnen op laborat<b l i j ken  pas  u i t  k .Het  doel  van d igecompliceerde pr<met ing van fys isc lu i t e i nde l i j k  een  rn iet  s lagen van e€basis van mater iarIn Hoofdstuk Itot de stand van zinteract , ies geprêEenergie, de oppenadhesie en de adscspreid ing z i jn  be<fn Hoofdstuk 2(  bevocht igbaarheicspreidingsgedrag vhoge vr i je  opperv lgoede celhecht ing,b iomater ia len mêtma te r i a l en )  s l ech tin  aanwezigheid a lfn Hoofdstuk 3 wspreiding bestudee(naast  de vr i je  opo . a .  d e  v r i j e  g r e noppervlakte energivan kunststof  en cgrensvlakenergie vbenodigd is voor hen omgekeerd.Eiwit adsorptie iseen biomateriaal idu idel i jk  dat  e iwipolymeer interacti100

The aim of this thesis is to gain insight in the complicated process of cell-polymer interactions by measuring both physicochemical and biological parameters in order to be able to predict the ultimate succes of the implantation of a biomaterial on basis of material characteristics. ... Zie: Summar

ARTS repository - University of Groningen

   University of GroningenCell-polymer interactionsSchakenraad, Josephus MariaIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:1987Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Schakenraad, J. M. (1987). Cell-polymer interactions. s.n.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 16-07-2023SUMITIÀRYThe app l ica t j -on  o f  a r t i f i c ia l  mater ia ls  fo r  the  rep lacement  o rimprovemenÈ o f  d iseased or  no t  op t ima l ly  func t ion ing  organs ,  hasincreased enormous ly  dur ing  the  las t  two decades.  We on lym e n t i o n  p a c e m a k e r s ,  h a r t v a l v e s ,  b l o o d v e s s e l s ,  b o n e  p l a t e s ,ar t i f i c ia l  jo in ts  e tc .  More  commonly  app l ied  are  po lymers  fo rt h e  c o n s t r u c t i o n  o f  l e n s e s ,  h e a r i n g  a i d s ,  s p e c t a c l e s ,  a r c hsuppor ts  and o f  course  denta l  p ro theses .  The app l ica t ion  o fpo lymers  on  the  human body  (as  e .g .  lenses)  seems s imp le ,  bu tc o m p l i c a t i o n s  a s  e . g .  a l l e r g y  o f t e n  o c c u r .  P o l y m e r s  f o rimp lan ta t ion  purposes  are  in  very  c lose  contac t  w i th  ce l l s  o fthe  human body ;  the  se l -ec t ion  o f  these mater ia ls  has  to  beper fo rmed w i th  g rea t  care .  The uL t imate  success  o f  theimp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  o r  on  the  human body  depends onmany parameters i  some can be  s tud ied  a t  labora tory  sca1e,  o therscan on ly  be  accura te ly  s tud ied  under  in  v ivo  or  in  s i tuc i r c u m s t a n c e s .The a im o f  th is  thes is  i s  to  ga in  ins igh t  in  the  compl ica tedprocess  o f  ceJ- l -po lymer  in te rac t ions  by  measur ing  bo th  phys ico-chemica l  and b io log ica l  parameters  in  o rder  to  be  ab le  topred ic t  the  u l t imate  succes  o f  the  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia lo n  b a s i s  o f  m a t e r i a l  c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .In  chapter  l ,  a  l i te raÈure  survey  o f  the  present  "s ta te  o f  thea r t "  i n  t h e  f i e l d  o f  c e l l - p o l y m e r  i n t e r a c t i o n s  i s  p r e s e n t e d .The in f luence o f  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  ze ta  po ten t ia l ,the  in te r fac ia l  f ree  energy  o f  adhes ion  and the  adsorp t ion  o fp r o t e i n s  o n  c e l l u l a r  a d h e s i o n  a n d  s p r e a d i n g  a r e  d i s c u s s e d .In  chapter  2 ,  lh .e  in f luence o f  the  subs t ra tum sur face  f reeenergy  (wet tab i l i t y )  o f  a  b iomater ia l  on  the  spread ing  andgrowth  o f  ce l l s  i s  s tud ied .  Ce l l  spread ing  is  de termined bysubs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy  in  the  presence and absence o fserum pro te ins .  Subs t ra ta  w i th  a  h igh  sur face  f ree  energy(wet tab le ,  hydrophy l i c  mater ia ls )  favour  ce l1  spread ing ,  whereaslow energy  subs t ra ta  (hydrophob ic  mater ia ls )  d is favour  ce l lspread ing ,  bo th  in  the  presence and in  the  absence o f  serump r o t e i n s .In  chapter  3 ,  the  thermodynamica l  aspec ts  o f  ce l l  spread inga r e  d i s c u s s e d .  F a c t o r s  i n f l u e n c i n g  c e l 1 u 1 a r  a d h e s i o n  a n dspread ing ,  nex t  to  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  a re :i n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n ,  c e 1 l u l a r  s u r f a c e  f r e eenergy  and ze ta  po ten t ia l  o f  ce l l  and  po lymer .  V ' lhen  thei n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n  i s  p o s i t i v e  ( i n d i c a t i n g  t h a tenergy  is  needed fo r  adhes ion)  ce l lu la r  adhes ion  and spread ingare  un favourab le  and v ice  versa .Immedia te ly  a f te r  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  the  body  i t .w i l l  be  covered by  pro te ins .  I t  i s  ev ident  tha t  p ro te inadsorp t ion  compl ica tes  a  thorough unders tand ing  o f  ce l lu la radhes ion  and spread i -ng .I t  i s  shown in  chapter  4  tha t  indeed subs t ra tumcharac ter is t i cs  deÈermine the  spread ing  area  o f  a  ce l l ,  mostl i ke ly  by  in f luenc ing  the  amount  o f  con tac t  s i tes ,  whereas  thenature of  the prote in coat ing det .ermines the d is tance betweencel l  and substratum. The substrat .um sur face f ree energy remainsto in f luence cel lu lar  adhesion and spreading,  despi te-Èhep resence  o f  a  p ro t , e i n  1aye r .-  _ ïn chapter  5 the in f luence of  prote in adsorpt ion on abiomater ia l  upon substratum sur fàce f ree ener-gy,  in f raredabsorpt ion ar id ce11 spreading is  s tudied.  edsóiÈed prote inst ransfer  the or ig inal  substraÈum sur face f ree energy to theinter face wi th spreading cel ls ,  as demonstrated by shi f ts  ininf rared absorpt ion bands and changes in sur face i ree energy;thereforer  Èhe or ig inal  substratum sur face f ree energyrmostl i ke l y  w i l l  r ema in  t o  domina te  ce l l  sp read ing .rn chapter 6 we demonstrated that the resuits obtained inv i t ro f rom the s ingle parameters (chapters 2 and 3 )  are not  onlyval id  under in  v i t ro condi t ions,  but  à lso in  a l iv ing organism. 'An in v ivo model  to  s tudy cel l -polymer in teract ions wasdeveloped in which iÈ was demonstràted that  the pat tern of  inv ivo cel l  growth was a lmost  ident ica l  to  the pat lern of  in  v i t roce l l  sp read ing .-  F ina lLy ,  i n  chap te r  7  a  " s ta tus  p raesens "  o f  i n te r fac ia lthermodynamicsr  prote in adsorpt ion and cel lu lar  adhesion ispresented.  Addi t ional ly  some suggest ions for  fuÈureinvest igat ions and possib le appl icat ions in  the , 'surg ical  f ie ld, ,have been descr ibed.The f ina l  conclus ion of  th is  thesis  is  that  subsl ratum sur facefree energy can be regarded as a sui table parameter  to predicÈcel lu lar  adhesion,  spreading and growth on b ionater ia ls l  and istherefore a very usefu l  guide to éelect  mater ia ls  forimplantat ion purposes..illFiDe toepass ing  rvan z ieke of  n ieÈjaren een steeds rpacemakers,  har tk .maar ook aan hoortpru iken,  kunsÈgeb:aan het  mensel i jkcoml icat ies a ls  b ' ,Kunststof fen voor ,contakt met weef,srmater ia len zeer  c limplantat ie  is  varkunnen op laborat<b l i j ken  pas  u i t  k .Het  doel  van d igecompliceerde pr<met ing van fys isc lu i t e i nde l i j k  een  rn iet  s lagen van e€basis van mater iarIn Hoofdstuk Itot de stand van zinteract , ies geprêEenergie, de oppenadhesie en de adscspreid ing z i jn  be<fn Hoofdstuk 2(  bevocht igbaarheicspreidingsgedrag vhoge vr i je  opperv lgoede celhecht ing,b iomater ia len mêtma te r i a l en )  s l ech tin  aanwezigheid a lfn Hoofdstuk 3 wspreiding bestudee(naast  de vr i je  opo . a .  d e  v r i j e  g r e noppervlakte energivan kunststof  en cgrensvlakenergie vbenodigd is voor hen omgekeerd.Eiwit adsorptie iseen biomateriaal idu idel i jk  dat  e iwipolymeer interacti100

English

University of Groningen Research Database

  
 University of Groningen
Cell-polymer interactions
Schakenraad, Josephus Maria
IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from
it. Please check the document version below.
Document Version
Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record
Publication date:
1987
Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database
Citation for published version (APA):
Schakenraad, J. M. (1987). Cell-polymer interactions s.n.
Copyright
Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the
author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).
Take-down policy
If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately
and investigate your claim.
Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the
number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.
Download date: 10-02-2018
SUMITIÀRY
The app l ica t j -on  o f  a r t i f i c ia l  mater ia ls  fo r  the  rep lacement  o r
improvemenÈ o f  d iseased or  no t  op t ima l ly  func t ion ing  organs ,  has
increased enormous ly  dur ing  the  las t  two decades.  We on ly
m e n t i o n  p a c e m a k e r s ,  h a r t v a l v e s ,  b l o o d v e s s e l s ,  b o n e  p l a t e s ,
ar t i f i c ia l  jo in ts  e tc .  More  commonly  app l ied  are  po lymers  fo r
t h e  c o n s t r u c t i o n  o f  l e n s e s ,  h e a r i n g  a i d s ,  s p e c t a c l e s ,  a r c h
suppor ts  and o f  course  denta l  p ro theses .  The app l ica t ion  o f
po lymers  on  the  human body  (as  e .g .  lenses)  seems s imp le ,  bu t
c o m p l i c a t i o n s  a s  e . g .  a l l e r g y  o f t e n  o c c u r .  P o l y m e r s  f o r
imp lan ta t ion  purposes  are  in  very  c lose  contac t  w i th  ce l l s  o f
the  human body ;  the  se l -ec t ion  o f  these mater ia ls  has  to  be
per fo rmed w i th  g rea t  care .  The uL t imate  success  o f  the
imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  o r  on  the  human body  depends on
many parameters i  some can be  s tud ied  a t  labora tory  sca1e,  o thers
can on ly  be  accura te ly  s tud ied  under  in  v ivo  or  in  s i tu
c i r c u m s t a n c e s .
The a im o f  th is  thes is  i s  to  ga in  ins igh t  in  the  compl ica ted
process  o f  ceJ- l -po lymer  in te rac t ions  by  measur ing  bo th  phys ico-
chemica l  and b io log ica l  parameters  in  o rder  to  be  ab le  to
pred ic t  the  u l t imate  succes  o f  the  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l
o n  b a s i s  o f  m a t e r i a l  c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .
In  chapter  l ,  a  l i te raÈure  survey  o f  the  present  "s ta te  o f  the
a r t "  i n  t h e  f i e l d  o f  c e l l - p o l y m e r  i n t e r a c t i o n s  i s  p r e s e n t e d .
The in f luence o f  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  ze ta  po ten t ia l ,
the  in te r fac ia l  f ree  energy  o f  adhes ion  and the  adsorp t ion  o f
p r o t e i n s  o n  c e l l u l a r  a d h e s i o n  a n d  s p r e a d i n g  a r e  d i s c u s s e d .
In  chapter  2 ,  lh .e  in f luence o f  the  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree
energy  (wet tab i l i t y )  o f  a  b iomater ia l  on  the  spread ing  and
growth  o f  ce l l s  i s  s tud ied .  Ce l l  spread ing  is  de termined by
subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy  in  the  presence and absence o f
serum pro te ins .  Subs t ra ta  w i th  a  h igh  sur face  f ree  energy
(wet tab le ,  hydrophy l i c  mater ia ls )  favour  ce l1  spread ing ,  whereas
low energy  subs t ra ta  (hydrophob ic  mater ia ls )  d is favour  ce l l
spread ing ,  bo th  in  the  presence and in  the  absence o f  serum
p r o t e i n s .
In  chapter  3 ,  the  thermodynamica l  aspec ts  o f  ce l l  spread ing
a r e  d i s c u s s e d .  F a c t o r s  i n f l u e n c i n g  c e l 1 u 1 a r  a d h e s i o n  a n d
spread ing ,  nex t  to  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  a re :
i n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n ,  c e 1 l u l a r  s u r f a c e  f r e e
energy  and ze ta  po ten t ia l  o f  ce l l  and  po lymer .  V ' lhen  the
i n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n  i s  p o s i t i v e  ( i n d i c a t i n g  t h a t
energy  is  needed fo r  adhes ion)  ce l lu la r  adhes ion  and spread ing
are  un favourab le  and v ice  versa .
Immedia te ly  a f te r  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  the  body  i t .
w i l l  be  covered by  pro te ins .  I t  i s  ev ident  tha t  p ro te in
adsorp t ion  compl ica tes  a  thorough unders tand ing  o f  ce l lu la r
adhes ion  and spread i -ng .
I t  i s  shown in  chapter  4  tha t  indeed subs t ra tum
charac ter is t i cs  deÈermine the  spread ing  area  o f  a  ce l l ,  most
l i ke ly  by  in f luenc ing  the  amount  o f  con tac t  s i tes ,  whereas  the
nature of  the prote in coat ing det .ermines the d is tance between
cel l  and substratum. The substrat .um sur face f ree energy remains
to in f luence cel lu lar  adhesion and spreading,  despi te-Èhep resence  o f  a  p ro t , e i n  1aye r .
-  _ 
ïn chapter  5 the in f luence of  prote in adsorpt ion on a
biomater ia l  upon substratum sur fàce f ree ener-gy,  in f rared
absorpt ion ar id ce11 spreading is  s tudied.  edsóiÈed prote ins
t ransfer  the or ig inal  substraÈum sur face f ree energy to the
inter face wi th spreading cel ls ,  as demonstrated by shi f ts  ininf rared absorpt ion bands and changes in sur face i ree energy;
thereforer  Èhe or ig inal  substratum sur face f ree energyrmost
l i ke l y  w i l l  r ema in  t o  domina te  ce l l  sp read ing .
rn chapter 6 we demonstrated that the resuits obtained in
v i t ro f rom the s ingle parameters (chapters 2 and 3 )  are not  only
val id  under in  v i t ro condi t ions,  but  à lso in  a l iv ing organism. 'An in v ivo model  to  s tudy cel l -polymer in teract ions wasdeveloped in which iÈ was demonstràted that  the pat tern of  in
v ivo cel l  growth was a lmost  ident ica l  to  the pat lern of  in  v i t ro
ce l l  sp read ing .
-  
F ina lLy ,  i n  chap te r  7  a  " s ta tus  p raesens "  o f  i n te r fac ia l
thermodynamicsr  prote in adsorpt ion and cel lu lar  adhesion ispresented.  Addi t ional ly  some suggest ions for  fuÈure
invest igat ions and possib le appl icat ions in  the , 'surg ical  f ie ld, ,have been descr ibed.
The f ina l  conclus ion of  th is  thesis  is  that  subsl ratum sur facefree energy can be regarded as a sui table parameter  to predicÈ
cel lu lar  adhesion,  spreading and growth on b ionater ia ls l  and istherefore a very usefu l  guide to éelect  mater ia ls  for
implantat ion purposes.
.illFi
De toepass ing  r
van z ieke of  n ieÈjaren een steeds r
pacemakers,  har tk .
maar ook aan hoort
pru iken,  kunsÈgeb:
aan het  mensel i jk
coml icat ies a ls  b ' ,
Kunststof fen voor ,
contakt met weef,sr
mater ia len zeer  c l
implantat ie  is  var
kunnen op laborat<
b l i j ken  pas  u i t  k .
Het  doel  van d i
gecompliceerde pr<
met ing van fys isc l
u i t e i nde l i j k  een  r
n iet  s lagen van e€
basis van mater iar
In Hoofdstuk I
tot de stand van z
interact , ies geprêE
energie, de oppen
adhesie en de adsc
spreid ing z i jn  be<
fn Hoofdstuk 2(  bevocht igbaarheic
spreidingsgedrag v
hoge vr i je  opperv l
goede celhecht ing,
b iomater ia len mêt
ma te r i a l en )  s l ech t
in  aanwezigheid a l
fn Hoofdstuk 3 w
spreiding bestudee(naast  de vr i je  op
o . a .  d e  v r i j e  g r e n
oppervlakte energi
van kunststof  en c
grensvlakenergie v
benodigd is voor h
en omgekeerd.
Eiwit adsorptie is
een biomateriaal i
du idel i jk  dat  e iwi
polymeer interacti
100


   University of GroningenCell-polymer interactionsSchakenraad, Josephus MariaIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:1987Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Schakenraad, J. M. (1987). Cell-polymer interactions. s.n.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 07-06-2022SUMITIÀRYThe app l ica t j -on  o f  a r t i f i c ia l  mater ia ls  fo r  the  rep lacement  o rimprovemenÈ o f  d iseased or  no t  op t ima l ly  func t ion ing  organs ,  hasincreased enormous ly  dur ing  the  las t  two decades.  We on lym e n t i o n  p a c e m a k e r s ,  h a r t v a l v e s ,  b l o o d v e s s e l s ,  b o n e  p l a t e s ,ar t i f i c ia l  jo in ts  e tc .  More  commonly  app l ied  are  po lymers  fo rt h e  c o n s t r u c t i o n  o f  l e n s e s ,  h e a r i n g  a i d s ,  s p e c t a c l e s ,  a r c hsuppor ts  and o f  course  denta l  p ro theses .  The app l ica t ion  o fpo lymers  on  the  human body  (as  e .g .  lenses)  seems s imp le ,  bu tc o m p l i c a t i o n s  a s  e . g .  a l l e r g y  o f t e n  o c c u r .  P o l y m e r s  f o rimp lan ta t ion  purposes  are  in  very  c lose  contac t  w i th  ce l l s  o fthe  human body ;  the  se l -ec t ion  o f  these mater ia ls  has  to  beper fo rmed w i th  g rea t  care .  The uL t imate  success  o f  theimp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  o r  on  the  human body  depends onmany parameters i  some can be  s tud ied  a t  labora tory  sca1e,  o therscan on ly  be  accura te ly  s tud ied  under  in  v ivo  or  in  s i tuc i r c u m s t a n c e s .The a im o f  th is  thes is  i s  to  ga in  ins igh t  in  the  compl ica tedprocess  o f  ceJ- l -po lymer  in te rac t ions  by  measur ing  bo th  phys ico-chemica l  and b io log ica l  parameters  in  o rder  to  be  ab le  topred ic t  the  u l t imate  succes  o f  the  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia lo n  b a s i s  o f  m a t e r i a l  c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .In  chapter  l ,  a  l i te raÈure  survey  o f  the  present  "s ta te  o f  thea r t "  i n  t h e  f i e l d  o f  c e l l - p o l y m e r  i n t e r a c t i o n s  i s  p r e s e n t e d .The in f luence o f  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  ze ta  po ten t ia l ,the  in te r fac ia l  f ree  energy  o f  adhes ion  and the  adsorp t ion  o fp r o t e i n s  o n  c e l l u l a r  a d h e s i o n  a n d  s p r e a d i n g  a r e  d i s c u s s e d .In  chapter  2 ,  lh .e  in f luence o f  the  subs t ra tum sur face  f reeenergy  (wet tab i l i t y )  o f  a  b iomater ia l  on  the  spread ing  andgrowth  o f  ce l l s  i s  s tud ied .  Ce l l  spread ing  is  de termined bysubs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy  in  the  presence and absence o fserum pro te ins .  Subs t ra ta  w i th  a  h igh  sur face  f ree  energy(wet tab le ,  hydrophy l i c  mater ia ls )  favour  ce l1  spread ing ,  whereaslow energy  subs t ra ta  (hydrophob ic  mater ia ls )  d is favour  ce l lspread ing ,  bo th  in  the  presence and in  the  absence o f  serump r o t e i n s .In  chapter  3 ,  the  thermodynamica l  aspec ts  o f  ce l l  spread inga r e  d i s c u s s e d .  F a c t o r s  i n f l u e n c i n g  c e l 1 u 1 a r  a d h e s i o n  a n dspread ing ,  nex t  to  subs t ra tum sur face  f ree  energy ,  a re :i n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n ,  c e 1 l u l a r  s u r f a c e  f r e eenergy  and ze ta  po ten t ia l  o f  ce l l  and  po lymer .  V ' lhen  thei n t e r f a c i a l  f r e e  e n e r g y  o f  a d h e s i o n  i s  p o s i t i v e  ( i n d i c a t i n g  t h a tenergy  is  needed fo r  adhes ion)  ce l lu la r  adhes ion  and spread ingare  un favourab le  and v ice  versa .Immedia te ly  a f te r  imp lan ta t ion  o f  a  b iomater ia l  in  the  body  i t .w i l l  be  covered by  pro te ins .  I t  i s  ev ident  tha t  p ro te inadsorp t ion  compl ica tes  a  thorough unders tand ing  o f  ce l lu la radhes ion  and spread i -ng .I t  i s  shown in  chapter  4  tha t  indeed subs t ra tumcharac ter is t i cs  deÈermine the  spread ing  area  o f  a  ce l l ,  mostl i ke ly  by  in f luenc ing  the  amount  o f  con tac t  s i tes ,  whereas  thenature of  the prote in coat ing det .ermines the d is tance betweencel l  and substratum. The substrat .um sur face f ree energy remainsto in f luence cel lu lar  adhesion and spreading,  despi te-Èhep resence  o f  a  p ro t , e i n  1aye r .-  _ ïn chapter  5 the in f luence of  prote in adsorpt ion on abiomater ia l  upon substratum sur fàce f ree ener-gy,  in f raredabsorpt ion ar id ce11 spreading is  s tudied.  edsóiÈed prote inst ransfer  the or ig inal  substraÈum sur face f ree energy to theinter face wi th spreading cel ls ,  as demonstrated by shi f ts  ininf rared absorpt ion bands and changes in sur face i ree energy;thereforer  Èhe or ig inal  substratum sur face f ree energyrmostl i ke l y  w i l l  r ema in  t o  domina te  ce l l  sp read ing .rn chapter 6 we demonstrated that the resuits obtained inv i t ro f rom the s ingle parameters (chapters 2 and 3 )  are not  onlyval id  under in  v i t ro condi t ions,  but  à lso in  a l iv ing organism. 'An in v ivo model  to  s tudy cel l -polymer in teract ions wasdeveloped in which iÈ was demonstràted that  the pat tern of  inv ivo cel l  growth was a lmost  ident ica l  to  the pat lern of  in  v i t roce l l  sp read ing .-  F ina lLy ,  i n  chap te r  7  a  " s ta tus  p raesens "  o f  i n te r fac ia lthermodynamicsr  prote in adsorpt ion and cel lu lar  adhesion ispresented.  Addi t ional ly  some suggest ions for  fuÈureinvest igat ions and possib le appl icat ions in  the , 'surg ical  f ie ld, ,have been descr ibed.The f ina l  conclus ion of  th is  thesis  is  that  subsl ratum sur facefree energy can be regarded as a sui table parameter  to predicÈcel lu lar  adhesion,  spreading and growth on b ionater ia ls l  and istherefore a very usefu l  guide to éelect  mater ia ls  forimplantat ion purposes..illFiDe toepass ing  rvan z ieke of  n ieÈjaren een steeds rpacemakers,  har tk .maar ook aan hoortpru iken,  kunsÈgeb:aan het  mensel i jkcoml icat ies a ls  b ' ,Kunststof fen voor ,contakt met weef,srmater ia len zeer  c limplantat ie  is  varkunnen op laborat<b l i j ken  pas  u i t  k .Het  doel  van d igecompliceerde pr<met ing van fys isc lu i t e i nde l i j k  een  rn iet  s lagen van e€basis van mater iarIn Hoofdstuk Itot de stand van zinteract , ies geprêEenergie, de oppenadhesie en de adscspreid ing z i jn  be<fn Hoofdstuk 2(  bevocht igbaarheicspreidingsgedrag vhoge vr i je  opperv lgoede celhecht ing,b iomater ia len mêtma te r i a l en )  s l ech tin  aanwezigheid a lfn Hoofdstuk 3 wspreiding bestudee(naast  de vr i je  opo . a .  d e  v r i j e  g r e noppervlakte energivan kunststof  en cgrensvlakenergie vbenodigd is voor hen omgekeerd.Eiwit adsorptie iseen biomateriaal idu idel i jk  dat  e iwipolymeer interacti100

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Cell-polymer interactions

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