Blom, Paul W.M.,

Dodabalapur, Ananth,

Ledoux-Rak, Isabelle,

English

University of Groningen Digital Archive

Preface
Novel organic materials and technological advances for photonics
In the continuity of the four previous E-MRS Symposia
devoted to molecular materials, Symposium R held in June
2001 has put special emphasis on nanoscale structures,
photoinduced molecular manipulation and biological appli-
cations of photonics, alongside the more traditional domains
of light-emitting polymers and diodes, photovoltaic com-
pounds and nonlinear optics in organic systems. This sym-
posium hasbeen attendedby approximately100 participants
who have actively contributed to the 12 sessions composed
of 49 oral papers and 55 poster presentations in a highly
pluridisciplinary spirit. The continuity of this series of
Molecular Photonics Symposia has greatly favored the
emergence of a activescientiﬁc core-community in the ﬁeld,
with several collaborations connecting new participating
groups after each symposium.
As one of the most promising issues of molecular photo-
nics, the opening chapter of this special issue is devoted to
biological applications such as 3D optical computing based
of bacteriorhodopsin (University of Connecticut), nonlinear
optical imaging of biological membranes (ESPCI, Paris) or
ﬂuorescence spectroscopy of glycopolymers (Academy of
Sciences, Kiev).
Molecular nanostructure investigations have developed
different approaches in the scope of this symposium, e.g.
self-assembled materials based on siloxane chemistry,
where layer-by-layer growth techniques are applied to the
elaboration of nonlinear or charge-transporting and charge-
blocking superlattices (Northwestern University), nanoag-
gregates of oligothiophenes (Eindhoven University) or
light-emitting dendrimers (University of St Andrews and
Linko ¨ping University). Periodic sub-micron structures
made of luminescent conjugated polymers have been ela-
borated using laser ablation methods (Go ¨ttingen University)
and characterized (University of St Andrews). Another
approach is based on the fabrication of single-walled carbon
nanotube–polymer composites and the subsequent elabo-
ration of metal–semiconductor–metal diodes (Cambridge
University, UK).
Photo-orientation and photomanipulation of isomerizable
dyes are now being applied to various structures and applica-
tions,especiallyinliquidcrystalpolymers(LavalUniversity)
or chiral polymers for optical data storage based on photo-
induced phase transitions (Darmstadt University). Light-
induced structuration of azo dye polymers is used for the
optimization and control of organic device emission proper-
ties (CEA-Saclay). Special emphasis is put on the demon-
stration of reversible photostructuration and its applications
to waveguide gratings, holography and two-beam coupling
(CSEM, Alpnach, Switzerland).
Besides the ongoing investigations on novel nonlinear
crystals (University Paris VI) optical limiters based on
fullerene-doped liquid crystals (Vavilov Institute, St
Petersburg), biphenyl derivatives (ENS Paris), polydia-
cetylenes (Florence University) or chiral molecules
(ENS Lyon), the elaboration of quadratic nonlinear poly-
meric photonic structures (ENS Cachan) results from the
application of classical lithographic techniques to the
2D microscale structuration of electrically or optically
electrooptic polymers.
Polymer-based photonic devices are now fastly develop-
ing towards various directions. In order to improve the
efﬁciency of light-emitting microcavities, novel structures
such as non-circular microdisks and microrings have
been proposed and characterized (ENS Cachan and Yale
University). At a material level, microcavities containing
J-aggregate cyanine dyes have permitted the observation of
anti-Stokes Raman resonant processes for the ﬁrst time
(Shefﬁeld University). Polymer–oligomer blends have been
used for the elaboration of OLEDs emitting in the blue
range (Leuven University). The use of doped amorphous
charge transport layers yields to low-voltage, very bright
non-polymeric OLEDs, and demonstrates the great potential
of controlled doping to design highly efﬁcient and stable
devices (Dresden University). In a more general perspec-
tive, novel materials for luminescence applications are cur-
rently investigated by various groups, e.g. oligothiophenes
in oligophenylenevinylene ﬁlms (Tu ¨bingen University),
oxadiazoles (Potsdam University), p-phenylene-ethynylene
(Strasbourg University). Technological issues such as poly-
mer grating design and elaboration (Limoges University)
and end-of-ﬁber polymer tips (Metz University) have also
been reported as crucial steps towards the practical use of
polymer-based photonic devices in optical systems and
networks.
Synthetic Metals 127 (2002) 1–2
0379-6779/02/$ – see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
PII: S0379-6779(01)00584-7This symposium reﬂects the fast evolution in the domain
of Molecular Photonics, especially towards the elaboration
and characterization of nanostructures, together with biolo-
gical applications.
Theco-chairsoftheE-MRS2001SymposiumRgratefully
acknowledgetheE-MRSDirectorateandFranceTelecomfor
their generous support.
Isabelle Ledoux-Rak
*
Lab. de Photo. Quantique et Mole
Ecole Normale Super. de Cachan
61 Ave. du President Wilson, 94235 Cachan, France
Tel.: þ33-1-4740-5560; fax: þ33-1-4740-5567
E-mail address: ledoux@lpqm.ens-cachan.fr
(I. Ledoux-Rak)
Ananth Dodabalapur
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Microelectronics Research Center
The University of Texas of Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
Tel.: þ1-512-232-1890; fax: þ1-512-471-8575
E-mail address: annath@mcr.utexas.edu
(A. Dodabalapur)
Paul Blom
Materials Science Centre, Groningen
The Netherlands, Netherlands
Tel.: þ31-50-363-4376; fax: þ31-50-363-7732
E-mail address: P.W.M.Blom@phys.rug.nl (P. Blom)
*Corresponding editor
2 Preface

Novel organic materials and technological advances for photonics

Ledoux-Rak, Isabelle

Dodabalapur, Ananth

Blom, Paul W.M.

ARTS repository - University of Groningen

   University of GroningenNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsLedoux-Rak, Isabelle; Dodabalapur, Ananth; Blom, Paul W.M.Published in:Synthetic MetalsDOI:10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2002Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Ledoux-Rak, I., Dodabalapur, A., & Blom, P. W. M. (2002). Novel organic materials and technologicaladvances for photonics. Synthetic Metals, 127(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 20-06-2022PrefaceNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsIn the continuity of the four previous E-MRS Symposiadevoted to molecular materials, Symposium R held in June2001 has put special emphasis on nanoscale structures,photoinduced molecular manipulation and biological appli-cations of photonics, alongside the more traditional domainsof light-emitting polymers and diodes, photovoltaic com-pounds and nonlinear optics in organic systems. This sym-posium has been attended by approximately 100 participantswho have actively contributed to the 12 sessions composedof 49 oral papers and 55 poster presentations in a highlypluridisciplinary spirit. The continuity of this series ofMolecular Photonics Symposia has greatly favored theemergence of a active scientific core-community in the field,with several collaborations connecting new participatinggroups after each symposium.As one of the most promising issues of molecular photo-nics, the opening chapter of this special issue is devoted tobiological applications such as 3D optical computing basedof bacteriorhodopsin (University of Connecticut), nonlinearoptical imaging of biological membranes (ESPCI, Paris) orfluorescence spectroscopy of glycopolymers (Academy ofSciences, Kiev).Molecular nanostructure investigations have developeddifferent approaches in the scope of this symposium, e.g.self-assembled materials based on siloxane chemistry,where layer-by-layer growth techniques are applied to theelaboration of nonlinear or charge-transporting and charge-blocking superlattices (Northwestern University), nanoag-gregates of oligothiophenes (Eindhoven University) orlight-emitting dendrimers (University of St Andrews andLinköping University). Periodic sub-micron structuresmade of luminescent conjugated polymers have been ela-borated using laser ablation methods (Göttingen University)and characterized (University of St Andrews). Anotherapproach is based on the fabrication of single-walled carbonnanotube–polymer composites and the subsequent elabo-ration of metal–semiconductor–metal diodes (CambridgeUniversity, UK).Photo-orientation and photomanipulation of isomerizabledyes are now being applied to various structures and applica-tions, especially in liquid crystal polymers (Laval University)or chiral polymers for optical data storage based on photo-induced phase transitions (Darmstadt University). Light-induced structuration of azo dye polymers is used for theoptimization and control of organic device emission proper-ties (CEA-Saclay). Special emphasis is put on the demon-stration of reversible photostructuration and its applicationsto waveguide gratings, holography and two-beam coupling(CSEM, Alpnach, Switzerland).Besides the ongoing investigations on novel nonlinearcrystals (University Paris VI) optical limiters based onfullerene-doped liquid crystals (Vavilov Institute, StPetersburg), biphenyl derivatives (ENS Paris), polydia-cetylenes (Florence University) or chiral molecules(ENS Lyon), the elaboration of quadratic nonlinear poly-meric photonic structures (ENS Cachan) results from theapplication of classical lithographic techniques to the2D microscale structuration of electrically or opticallyelectrooptic polymers.Polymer-based photonic devices are now fastly develop-ing towards various directions. In order to improve theefficiency of light-emitting microcavities, novel structuressuch as non-circular microdisks and microrings havebeen proposed and characterized (ENS Cachan and YaleUniversity). At a material level, microcavities containingJ-aggregate cyanine dyes have permitted the observation ofanti-Stokes Raman resonant processes for the first time(Sheffield University). Polymer–oligomer blends have beenused for the elaboration of OLEDs emitting in the bluerange (Leuven University). The use of doped amorphouscharge transport layers yields to low-voltage, very brightnon-polymeric OLEDs, and demonstrates the great potentialof controlled doping to design highly efficient and stabledevices (Dresden University). In a more general perspec-tive, novel materials for luminescence applications are cur-rently investigated by various groups, e.g. oligothiophenesin oligophenylenevinylene films (Tübingen University),oxadiazoles (Potsdam University), p-phenylene-ethynylene(Strasbourg University). Technological issues such as poly-mer grating design and elaboration (Limoges University)and end-of-fiber polymer tips (Metz University) have alsobeen reported as crucial steps towards the practical use ofpolymer-based photonic devices in optical systems andnetworks.Synthetic Metals 127 (2002) 1–20379-6779/02/$ – see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.PII: S 0 3 7 9 - 6 7 7 9 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 5 8 4 - 7This symposium reflects the fast evolution in the domainof Molecular Photonics, especially towards the elaborationand characterization of nanostructures, together with biolo-gical applications.The co-chairs of the E-MRS 2001 Symposium R gratefullyacknowledge the E-MRS Directorate and France Telecom fortheir generous support.Isabelle Ledoux-Rak*Lab. de Photo. Quantique et MoleEcole Normale Super. de Cachan61 Ave. du President Wilson, 94235 Cachan, FranceTel.: þ33-1-4740-5560; fax: þ33-1-4740-5567E-mail address: ledoux@lpqm.ens-cachan.fr(I. Ledoux-Rak)Ananth DodabalapurDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringMicroelectronics Research CenterThe University of Texas of Austin, Austin, Texas, USATel.: þ1-512-232-1890; fax: þ1-512-471-8575E-mail address: annath@mcr.utexas.edu(A. Dodabalapur)Paul BlomMaterials Science Centre, GroningenThe Netherlands, NetherlandsTel.: þ31-50-363-4376; fax: þ31-50-363-7732E-mail address: P.W.M.Blom@phys.rug.nl (P. Blom)*Corresponding editor2 Preface

NARCIS 

University of GroningenNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsLedoux-Rak, Isabelle; Dodabalapur, Ananth; Blom, Paul W.M.Published in:Synthetic MetalsDOI:10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2002Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Ledoux-Rak, I., Dodabalapur, A., & Blom, P. W. M. (2002). Novel organic materials and technologicaladvances for photonics. Synthetic Metals, 127(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 24-12-2025PrefaceNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsIn the continuity of the four previous E-MRS Symposiadevoted to molecular materials, Symposium R held in June2001 has put special emphasis on nanoscale structures,photoinduced molecular manipulation and biological appli-cations of photonics, alongside the more traditional domainsof light-emitting polymers and diodes, photovoltaic com-pounds and nonlinear optics in organic systems. This sym-posium has been attended by approximately 100 participantswho have actively contributed to the 12 sessions composedof 49 oral papers and 55 poster presentations in a highlypluridisciplinary spirit. The continuity of this series ofMolecular Photonics Symposia has greatly favored theemergence of a active scientific core-community in the field,with several collaborations connecting new participatinggroups after each symposium.As one of the most promising issues of molecular photo-nics, the opening chapter of this special issue is devoted tobiological applications such as 3D optical computing basedof bacteriorhodopsin (University of Connecticut), nonlinearoptical imaging of biological membranes (ESPCI, Paris) orfluorescence spectroscopy of glycopolymers (Academy ofSciences, Kiev).Molecular nanostructure investigations have developeddifferent approaches in the scope of this symposium, e.g.self-assembled materials based on siloxane chemistry,where layer-by-layer growth techniques are applied to theelaboration of nonlinear or charge-transporting and charge-blocking superlattices (Northwestern University), nanoag-gregates of oligothiophenes (Eindhoven University) orlight-emitting dendrimers (University of St Andrews andLinköping University). Periodic sub-micron structuresmade of luminescent conjugated polymers have been ela-borated using laser ablation methods (Göttingen University)and characterized (University of St Andrews). Anotherapproach is based on the fabrication of single-walled carbonnanotube–polymer composites and the subsequent elabo-ration of metal–semiconductor–metal diodes (CambridgeUniversity, UK).Photo-orientation and photomanipulation of isomerizabledyes are now being applied to various structures and applica-tions, especially in liquid crystal polymers (Laval University)or chiral polymers for optical data storage based on photo-induced phase transitions (Darmstadt University). Light-induced structuration of azo dye polymers is used for theoptimization and control of organic device emission proper-ties (CEA-Saclay). Special emphasis is put on the demon-stration of reversible photostructuration and its applicationsto waveguide gratings, holography and two-beam coupling(CSEM, Alpnach, Switzerland).Besides the ongoing investigations on novel nonlinearcrystals (University Paris VI) optical limiters based onfullerene-doped liquid crystals (Vavilov Institute, StPetersburg), biphenyl derivatives (ENS Paris), polydia-cetylenes (Florence University) or chiral molecules(ENS Lyon), the elaboration of quadratic nonlinear poly-meric photonic structures (ENS Cachan) results from theapplication of classical lithographic techniques to the2D microscale structuration of electrically or opticallyelectrooptic polymers.Polymer-based photonic devices are now fastly develop-ing towards various directions. In order to improve theefficiency of light-emitting microcavities, novel structuressuch as non-circular microdisks and microrings havebeen proposed and characterized (ENS Cachan and YaleUniversity). At a material level, microcavities containingJ-aggregate cyanine dyes have permitted the observation ofanti-Stokes Raman resonant processes for the first time(Sheffield University). Polymer–oligomer blends have beenused for the elaboration of OLEDs emitting in the bluerange (Leuven University). The use of doped amorphouscharge transport layers yields to low-voltage, very brightnon-polymeric OLEDs, and demonstrates the great potentialof controlled doping to design highly efficient and stabledevices (Dresden University). In a more general perspec-tive, novel materials for luminescence applications are cur-rently investigated by various groups, e.g. oligothiophenesin oligophenylenevinylene films (Tübingen University),oxadiazoles (Potsdam University), p-phenylene-ethynylene(Strasbourg University). Technological issues such as poly-mer grating design and elaboration (Limoges University)and end-of-fiber polymer tips (Metz University) have alsobeen reported as crucial steps towards the practical use ofpolymer-based photonic devices in optical systems andnetworks.Synthetic Metals 127 (2002) 1–20379-6779/02/$ – see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.PII: S 0 3 7 9 - 6 7 7 9 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 5 8 4 - 7This symposium reflects the fast evolution in the domainof Molecular Photonics, especially towards the elaborationand characterization of nanostructures, together with biolo-gical applications.The co-chairs of the E-MRS 2001 Symposium R gratefullyacknowledge the E-MRS Directorate and France Telecom fortheir generous support.Isabelle Ledoux-Rak*Lab. de Photo. Quantique et MoleEcole Normale Super. de Cachan61 Ave. du President Wilson, 94235 Cachan, FranceTel.: þ33-1-4740-5560; fax: þ33-1-4740-5567E-mail address: ledoux@lpqm.ens-cachan.fr(I. Ledoux-Rak)Ananth DodabalapurDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringMicroelectronics Research CenterThe University of Texas of Austin, Austin, Texas, USATel.: þ1-512-232-1890; fax: þ1-512-471-8575E-mail address: annath@mcr.utexas.edu(A. Dodabalapur)Paul BlomMaterials Science Centre, GroningenThe Netherlands, NetherlandsTel.: þ31-50-363-4376; fax: þ31-50-363-7732E-mail address: P.W.M.Blom@phys.rug.nl (P. Blom)*Corresponding editor2 Preface

   University of GroningenNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsLedoux-Rak, Isabelle; Dodabalapur, Ananth; Blom, Paul W.M.Published in:Synthetic MetalsDOI:10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2002Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Ledoux-Rak, I., Dodabalapur, A., & Blom, P. W. M. (2002). Novel organic materials and technologicaladvances for photonics. Synthetic Metals, 127(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 09-09-2023PrefaceNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsIn the continuity of the four previous E-MRS Symposiadevoted to molecular materials, Symposium R held in June2001 has put special emphasis on nanoscale structures,photoinduced molecular manipulation and biological appli-cations of photonics, alongside the more traditional domainsof light-emitting polymers and diodes, photovoltaic com-pounds and nonlinear optics in organic systems. This sym-posium has been attended by approximately 100 participantswho have actively contributed to the 12 sessions composedof 49 oral papers and 55 poster presentations in a highlypluridisciplinary spirit. The continuity of this series ofMolecular Photonics Symposia has greatly favored theemergence of a active scientific core-community in the field,with several collaborations connecting new participatinggroups after each symposium.As one of the most promising issues of molecular photo-nics, the opening chapter of this special issue is devoted tobiological applications such as 3D optical computing basedof bacteriorhodopsin (University of Connecticut), nonlinearoptical imaging of biological membranes (ESPCI, Paris) orfluorescence spectroscopy of glycopolymers (Academy ofSciences, Kiev).Molecular nanostructure investigations have developeddifferent approaches in the scope of this symposium, e.g.self-assembled materials based on siloxane chemistry,where layer-by-layer growth techniques are applied to theelaboration of nonlinear or charge-transporting and charge-blocking superlattices (Northwestern University), nanoag-gregates of oligothiophenes (Eindhoven University) orlight-emitting dendrimers (University of St Andrews andLinköping University). Periodic sub-micron structuresmade of luminescent conjugated polymers have been ela-borated using laser ablation methods (Göttingen University)and characterized (University of St Andrews). Anotherapproach is based on the fabrication of single-walled carbonnanotube–polymer composites and the subsequent elabo-ration of metal–semiconductor–metal diodes (CambridgeUniversity, UK).Photo-orientation and photomanipulation of isomerizabledyes are now being applied to various structures and applica-tions, especially in liquid crystal polymers (Laval University)or chiral polymers for optical data storage based on photo-induced phase transitions (Darmstadt University). Light-induced structuration of azo dye polymers is used for theoptimization and control of organic device emission proper-ties (CEA-Saclay). Special emphasis is put on the demon-stration of reversible photostructuration and its applicationsto waveguide gratings, holography and two-beam coupling(CSEM, Alpnach, Switzerland).Besides the ongoing investigations on novel nonlinearcrystals (University Paris VI) optical limiters based onfullerene-doped liquid crystals (Vavilov Institute, StPetersburg), biphenyl derivatives (ENS Paris), polydia-cetylenes (Florence University) or chiral molecules(ENS Lyon), the elaboration of quadratic nonlinear poly-meric photonic structures (ENS Cachan) results from theapplication of classical lithographic techniques to the2D microscale structuration of electrically or opticallyelectrooptic polymers.Polymer-based photonic devices are now fastly develop-ing towards various directions. In order to improve theefficiency of light-emitting microcavities, novel structuressuch as non-circular microdisks and microrings havebeen proposed and characterized (ENS Cachan and YaleUniversity). At a material level, microcavities containingJ-aggregate cyanine dyes have permitted the observation ofanti-Stokes Raman resonant processes for the first time(Sheffield University). Polymer–oligomer blends have beenused for the elaboration of OLEDs emitting in the bluerange (Leuven University). The use of doped amorphouscharge transport layers yields to low-voltage, very brightnon-polymeric OLEDs, and demonstrates the great potentialof controlled doping to design highly efficient and stabledevices (Dresden University). In a more general perspec-tive, novel materials for luminescence applications are cur-rently investigated by various groups, e.g. oligothiophenesin oligophenylenevinylene films (Tübingen University),oxadiazoles (Potsdam University), p-phenylene-ethynylene(Strasbourg University). Technological issues such as poly-mer grating design and elaboration (Limoges University)and end-of-fiber polymer tips (Metz University) have alsobeen reported as crucial steps towards the practical use ofpolymer-based photonic devices in optical systems andnetworks.Synthetic Metals 127 (2002) 1–20379-6779/02/$ – see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.PII: S 0 3 7 9 - 6 7 7 9 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 5 8 4 - 7This symposium reflects the fast evolution in the domainof Molecular Photonics, especially towards the elaborationand characterization of nanostructures, together with biolo-gical applications.The co-chairs of the E-MRS 2001 Symposium R gratefullyacknowledge the E-MRS Directorate and France Telecom fortheir generous support.Isabelle Ledoux-Rak*Lab. de Photo. Quantique et MoleEcole Normale Super. de Cachan61 Ave. du President Wilson, 94235 Cachan, FranceTel.: þ33-1-4740-5560; fax: þ33-1-4740-5567E-mail address: ledoux@lpqm.ens-cachan.fr(I. Ledoux-Rak)Ananth DodabalapurDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringMicroelectronics Research CenterThe University of Texas of Austin, Austin, Texas, USATel.: þ1-512-232-1890; fax: þ1-512-471-8575E-mail address: annath@mcr.utexas.edu(A. Dodabalapur)Paul BlomMaterials Science Centre, GroningenThe Netherlands, NetherlandsTel.: þ31-50-363-4376; fax: þ31-50-363-7732E-mail address: P.W.M.Blom@phys.rug.nl (P. Blom)*Corresponding editor2 Preface

University of Groningen Research Database

  
 University of Groningen
Novel organic materials and technological advances for photonics
Ledoux-Rak, Isabelle; Dodabalapur, Ananth; Blom, Paul W.M.
Published in:
Synthetic Metals
DOI:
10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7
IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from
it. Please check the document version below.
Document Version
Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record
Publication date:
2002
Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database
Citation for published version (APA):
Ledoux-Rak, I., Dodabalapur, A., & Blom, P. W. M. (2002). Novel organic materials and technological
advances for photonics. Synthetic Metals, 127(1). DOI: 10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7
Copyright
Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the
author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).
Take-down policy
If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately
and investigate your claim.
Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the
number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.
Download date: 11-02-2018
Preface
Novel organic materials and technological advances for photonics
In the continuity of the four previous E-MRS Symposia
devoted to molecular materials, Symposium R held in June
2001 has put special emphasis on nanoscale structures,
photoinduced molecular manipulation and biological appli-
cations of photonics, alongside the more traditional domains
of light-emitting polymers and diodes, photovoltaic com-
pounds and nonlinear optics in organic systems. This sym-
posium has been attended by approximately 100 participants
who have actively contributed to the 12 sessions composed
of 49 oral papers and 55 poster presentations in a highly
pluridisciplinary spirit. The continuity of this series of
Molecular Photonics Symposia has greatly favored the
emergence of a active scientific core-community in the field,
with several collaborations connecting new participating
groups after each symposium.
As one of the most promising issues of molecular photo-
nics, the opening chapter of this special issue is devoted to
biological applications such as 3D optical computing based
of bacteriorhodopsin (University of Connecticut), nonlinear
optical imaging of biological membranes (ESPCI, Paris) or
fluorescence spectroscopy of glycopolymers (Academy of
Sciences, Kiev).
Molecular nanostructure investigations have developed
different approaches in the scope of this symposium, e.g.
self-assembled materials based on siloxane chemistry,
where layer-by-layer growth techniques are applied to the
elaboration of nonlinear or charge-transporting and charge-
blocking superlattices (Northwestern University), nanoag-
gregates of oligothiophenes (Eindhoven University) or
light-emitting dendrimers (University of St Andrews and
Linko¨ping University). Periodic sub-micron structures
made of luminescent conjugated polymers have been ela-
borated using laser ablation methods (Go¨ttingen University)
and characterized (University of St Andrews). Another
approach is based on the fabrication of single-walled carbon
nanotube–polymer composites and the subsequent elabo-
ration of metal–semiconductor–metal diodes (Cambridge
University, UK).
Photo-orientation and photomanipulation of isomerizable
dyes are now being applied to various structures and applica-
tions, especially in liquid crystal polymers (Laval University)
or chiral polymers for optical data storage based on photo-
induced phase transitions (Darmstadt University). Light-
induced structuration of azo dye polymers is used for the
optimization and control of organic device emission proper-
ties (CEA-Saclay). Special emphasis is put on the demon-
stration of reversible photostructuration and its applications
to waveguide gratings, holography and two-beam coupling
(CSEM, Alpnach, Switzerland).
Besides the ongoing investigations on novel nonlinear
crystals (University Paris VI) optical limiters based on
fullerene-doped liquid crystals (Vavilov Institute, St
Petersburg), biphenyl derivatives (ENS Paris), polydia-
cetylenes (Florence University) or chiral molecules
(ENS Lyon), the elaboration of quadratic nonlinear poly-
meric photonic structures (ENS Cachan) results from the
application of classical lithographic techniques to the
2D microscale structuration of electrically or optically
electrooptic polymers.
Polymer-based photonic devices are now fastly develop-
ing towards various directions. In order to improve the
efficiency of light-emitting microcavities, novel structures
such as non-circular microdisks and microrings have
been proposed and characterized (ENS Cachan and Yale
University). At a material level, microcavities containing
J-aggregate cyanine dyes have permitted the observation of
anti-Stokes Raman resonant processes for the first time
(Sheffield University). Polymer–oligomer blends have been
used for the elaboration of OLEDs emitting in the blue
range (Leuven University). The use of doped amorphous
charge transport layers yields to low-voltage, very bright
non-polymeric OLEDs, and demonstrates the great potential
of controlled doping to design highly efficient and stable
devices (Dresden University). In a more general perspec-
tive, novel materials for luminescence applications are cur-
rently investigated by various groups, e.g. oligothiophenes
in oligophenylenevinylene films (Tu¨bingen University),
oxadiazoles (Potsdam University), p-phenylene-ethynylene
(Strasbourg University). Technological issues such as poly-
mer grating design and elaboration (Limoges University)
and end-of-fiber polymer tips (Metz University) have also
been reported as crucial steps towards the practical use of
polymer-based photonic devices in optical systems and
networks.
Synthetic Metals 127 (2002) 1–2
0379-6779/02/$ – see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
PII: S 0 3 7 9 - 6 7 7 9 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 5 8 4 - 7
This symposium reflects the fast evolution in the domain
of Molecular Photonics, especially towards the elaboration
and characterization of nanostructures, together with biolo-
gical applications.
The co-chairs of the E-MRS 2001 Symposium R gratefully
acknowledge the E-MRS Directorate and France Telecom for
their generous support.
Isabelle Ledoux-Rak*
Lab. de Photo. Quantique et Mole
Ecole Normale Super. de Cachan
61 Ave. du President Wilson, 94235 Cachan, France
Tel.: þ33-1-4740-5560; fax: þ33-1-4740-5567
E-mail address: ledoux@lpqm.ens-cachan.fr
(I. Ledoux-Rak)
Ananth Dodabalapur
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Microelectronics Research Center
The University of Texas of Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
Tel.: þ1-512-232-1890; fax: þ1-512-471-8575
E-mail address: annath@mcr.utexas.edu
(A. Dodabalapur)
Paul Blom
Materials Science Centre, Groningen
The Netherlands, Netherlands
Tel.: þ31-50-363-4376; fax: þ31-50-363-7732
E-mail address: P.W.M.Blom@phys.rug.nl (P. Blom)
*Corresponding editor
2 Preface


University of Groningen

   University of GroningenNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsLedoux-Rak, Isabelle; Dodabalapur, Ananth; Blom, Paul W.M.Published in:Synthetic MetalsDOI:10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2002Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Ledoux-Rak, I., Dodabalapur, A., & Blom, P. W. M. (2002). Novel organic materials and technologicaladvances for photonics. Synthetic Metals, 127(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 27-04-2023PrefaceNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsIn the continuity of the four previous E-MRS Symposiadevoted to molecular materials, Symposium R held in June2001 has put special emphasis on nanoscale structures,photoinduced molecular manipulation and biological appli-cations of photonics, alongside the more traditional domainsof light-emitting polymers and diodes, photovoltaic com-pounds and nonlinear optics in organic systems. This sym-posium has been attended by approximately 100 participantswho have actively contributed to the 12 sessions composedof 49 oral papers and 55 poster presentations in a highlypluridisciplinary spirit. The continuity of this series ofMolecular Photonics Symposia has greatly favored theemergence of a active scientific core-community in the field,with several collaborations connecting new participatinggroups after each symposium.As one of the most promising issues of molecular photo-nics, the opening chapter of this special issue is devoted tobiological applications such as 3D optical computing basedof bacteriorhodopsin (University of Connecticut), nonlinearoptical imaging of biological membranes (ESPCI, Paris) orfluorescence spectroscopy of glycopolymers (Academy ofSciences, Kiev).Molecular nanostructure investigations have developeddifferent approaches in the scope of this symposium, e.g.self-assembled materials based on siloxane chemistry,where layer-by-layer growth techniques are applied to theelaboration of nonlinear or charge-transporting and charge-blocking superlattices (Northwestern University), nanoag-gregates of oligothiophenes (Eindhoven University) orlight-emitting dendrimers (University of St Andrews andLinköping University). Periodic sub-micron structuresmade of luminescent conjugated polymers have been ela-borated using laser ablation methods (Göttingen University)and characterized (University of St Andrews). Anotherapproach is based on the fabrication of single-walled carbonnanotube–polymer composites and the subsequent elabo-ration of metal–semiconductor–metal diodes (CambridgeUniversity, UK).Photo-orientation and photomanipulation of isomerizabledyes are now being applied to various structures and applica-tions, especially in liquid crystal polymers (Laval University)or chiral polymers for optical data storage based on photo-induced phase transitions (Darmstadt University). Light-induced structuration of azo dye polymers is used for theoptimization and control of organic device emission proper-ties (CEA-Saclay). Special emphasis is put on the demon-stration of reversible photostructuration and its applicationsto waveguide gratings, holography and two-beam coupling(CSEM, Alpnach, Switzerland).Besides the ongoing investigations on novel nonlinearcrystals (University Paris VI) optical limiters based onfullerene-doped liquid crystals (Vavilov Institute, StPetersburg), biphenyl derivatives (ENS Paris), polydia-cetylenes (Florence University) or chiral molecules(ENS Lyon), the elaboration of quadratic nonlinear poly-meric photonic structures (ENS Cachan) results from theapplication of classical lithographic techniques to the2D microscale structuration of electrically or opticallyelectrooptic polymers.Polymer-based photonic devices are now fastly develop-ing towards various directions. In order to improve theefficiency of light-emitting microcavities, novel structuressuch as non-circular microdisks and microrings havebeen proposed and characterized (ENS Cachan and YaleUniversity). At a material level, microcavities containingJ-aggregate cyanine dyes have permitted the observation ofanti-Stokes Raman resonant processes for the first time(Sheffield University). Polymer–oligomer blends have beenused for the elaboration of OLEDs emitting in the bluerange (Leuven University). The use of doped amorphouscharge transport layers yields to low-voltage, very brightnon-polymeric OLEDs, and demonstrates the great potentialof controlled doping to design highly efficient and stabledevices (Dresden University). In a more general perspec-tive, novel materials for luminescence applications are cur-rently investigated by various groups, e.g. oligothiophenesin oligophenylenevinylene films (Tübingen University),oxadiazoles (Potsdam University), p-phenylene-ethynylene(Strasbourg University). Technological issues such as poly-mer grating design and elaboration (Limoges University)and end-of-fiber polymer tips (Metz University) have alsobeen reported as crucial steps towards the practical use ofpolymer-based photonic devices in optical systems andnetworks.Synthetic Metals 127 (2002) 1–20379-6779/02/$ – see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.PII: S 0 3 7 9 - 6 7 7 9 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 5 8 4 - 7This symposium reflects the fast evolution in the domainof Molecular Photonics, especially towards the elaborationand characterization of nanostructures, together with biolo-gical applications.The co-chairs of the E-MRS 2001 Symposium R gratefullyacknowledge the E-MRS Directorate and France Telecom fortheir generous support.Isabelle Ledoux-Rak*Lab. de Photo. Quantique et MoleEcole Normale Super. de Cachan61 Ave. du President Wilson, 94235 Cachan, FranceTel.: þ33-1-4740-5560; fax: þ33-1-4740-5567E-mail address: ledoux@lpqm.ens-cachan.fr(I. Ledoux-Rak)Ananth DodabalapurDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringMicroelectronics Research CenterThe University of Texas of Austin, Austin, Texas, USATel.: þ1-512-232-1890; fax: þ1-512-471-8575E-mail address: annath@mcr.utexas.edu(A. Dodabalapur)Paul BlomMaterials Science Centre, GroningenThe Netherlands, NetherlandsTel.: þ31-50-363-4376; fax: þ31-50-363-7732E-mail address: P.W.M.Blom@phys.rug.nl (P. Blom)*Corresponding editor2 Preface

   University of GroningenNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsLedoux-Rak, Isabelle; Dodabalapur, Ananth; Blom, Paul W.M.Published in:Synthetic MetalsDOI:10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2002Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Ledoux-Rak, I., Dodabalapur, A., & Blom, P. W. M. (2002). Novel organic materials and technologicaladvances for photonics. Synthetic Metals, 127(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(01)00584-7CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 12-11-2019PrefaceNovel organic materials and technological advances for photonicsIn the continuity of the four previous E-MRS Symposiadevoted to molecular materials, Symposium R held in June2001 has put special emphasis on nanoscale structures,photoinduced molecular manipulation and biological appli-cations of photonics, alongside the more traditional domainsof light-emitting polymers and diodes, photovoltaic com-pounds and nonlinear optics in organic systems. This sym-posium has been attended by approximately 100 participantswho have actively contributed to the 12 sessions composedof 49 oral papers and 55 poster presentations in a highlypluridisciplinary spirit. The continuity of this series ofMolecular Photonics Symposia has greatly favored theemergence of a active scientific core-community in the field,with several collaborations connecting new participatinggroups after each symposium.As one of the most promising issues of molecular photo-nics, the opening chapter of this special issue is devoted tobiological applications such as 3D optical computing basedof bacteriorhodopsin (University of Connecticut), nonlinearoptical imaging of biological membranes (ESPCI, Paris) orfluorescence spectroscopy of glycopolymers (Academy ofSciences, Kiev).Molecular nanostructure investigations have developeddifferent approaches in the scope of this symposium, e.g.self-assembled materials based on siloxane chemistry,where layer-by-layer growth techniques are applied to theelaboration of nonlinear or charge-transporting and charge-blocking superlattices (Northwestern University), nanoag-gregates of oligothiophenes (Eindhoven University) orlight-emitting dendrimers (University of St Andrews andLinko¨ping University). Periodic sub-micron structuresmade of luminescent conjugated polymers have been ela-borated using laser ablation methods (Go¨ttingen University)and characterized (University of St Andrews). Anotherapproach is based on the fabrication of single-walled carbonnanotube–polymer composites and the subsequent elabo-ration of metal–semiconductor–metal diodes (CambridgeUniversity, UK).Photo-orientation and photomanipulation of isomerizabledyes are now being applied to various structures and applica-tions, especially in liquid crystal polymers (Laval University)or chiral polymers for optical data storage based on photo-induced phase transitions (Darmstadt University). Light-induced structuration of azo dye polymers is used for theoptimization and control of organic device emission proper-ties (CEA-Saclay). Special emphasis is put on the demon-stration of reversible photostructuration and its applicationsto waveguide gratings, holography and two-beam coupling(CSEM, Alpnach, Switzerland).Besides the ongoing investigations on novel nonlinearcrystals (University Paris VI) optical limiters based onfullerene-doped liquid crystals (Vavilov Institute, StPetersburg), biphenyl derivatives (ENS Paris), polydia-cetylenes (Florence University) or chiral molecules(ENS Lyon), the elaboration of quadratic nonlinear poly-meric photonic structures (ENS Cachan) results from theapplication of classical lithographic techniques to the2D microscale structuration of electrically or opticallyelectrooptic polymers.Polymer-based photonic devices are now fastly develop-ing towards various directions. In order to improve theefficiency of light-emitting microcavities, novel structuressuch as non-circular microdisks and microrings havebeen proposed and characterized (ENS Cachan and YaleUniversity). At a material level, microcavities containingJ-aggregate cyanine dyes have permitted the observation ofanti-Stokes Raman resonant processes for the first time(Sheffield University). Polymer–oligomer blends have beenused for the elaboration of OLEDs emitting in the bluerange (Leuven University). The use of doped amorphouscharge transport layers yields to low-voltage, very brightnon-polymeric OLEDs, and demonstrates the great potentialof controlled doping to design highly efficient and stabledevices (Dresden University). In a more general perspec-tive, novel materials for luminescence applications are cur-rently investigated by various groups, e.g. oligothiophenesin oligophenylenevinylene films (Tu¨bingen University),oxadiazoles (Potsdam University), p-phenylene-ethynylene(Strasbourg University). Technological issues such as poly-mer grating design and elaboration (Limoges University)and end-of-fiber polymer tips (Metz University) have alsobeen reported as crucial steps towards the practical use ofpolymer-based photonic devices in optical systems andnetworks.Synthetic Metals 127 (2002) 1–20379-6779/02/$ – see front matter # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.PII: S 0 3 7 9 - 6 7 7 9 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 5 8 4 - 7This symposium reflects the fast evolution in the domainof Molecular Photonics, especially towards the elaborationand characterization of nanostructures, together with biolo-gical applications.The co-chairs of the E-MRS 2001 Symposium R gratefullyacknowledge the E-MRS Directorate and France Telecom fortheir generous support.Isabelle Ledoux-Rak*Lab. de Photo. Quantique et MoleEcole Normale Super. de Cachan61 Ave. du President Wilson, 94235 Cachan, FranceTel.: þ33-1-4740-5560; fax: þ33-1-4740-5567E-mail address: ledoux@lpqm.ens-cachan.fr(I. Ledoux-Rak)Ananth DodabalapurDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringMicroelectronics Research CenterThe University of Texas of Austin, Austin, Texas, USATel.: þ1-512-232-1890; fax: þ1-512-471-8575E-mail address: annath@mcr.utexas.edu(A. Dodabalapur)Paul BlomMaterials Science Centre, GroningenThe Netherlands, NetherlandsTel.: þ31-50-363-4376; fax: þ31-50-363-7732E-mail address: P.W.M.Blom@phys.rug.nl (P. Blom)*Corresponding editor2 Preface

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