Yearling heifers were administered 1 of 2 alternate prostaglandin products (Lutalyse vs. Lutalyse HighCon), which differ in concentration of active ingredient and administration route. Timing of estrus, pregnancy rate to AI, and final pregnancy rate did not differ between treatments. Body weight and ADG were also not affected by prostaglandin treatment. These results indicate producers can utilize Lutalyse HighCon, administered subcutaneously (s.c.), to avoid injection site blemishes and reduce carcass discounts with no impact on estrus synchronization or pregnancy rates

Funston, Richard N., Funston

Lansford, Alicia C.

Meyer, Tonya L.

English

UNL | Libraries

University of Nebraska - Lincoln
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports Animal Science Department
2018
Comparison of Two Alternate Prostaglandin
Products in Yearling Beef Heifers
Alicia C. Lansford
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Tonya L. Meyer
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, tl.meyer@live.com
Richard N. Funston Funston
University of Nebraska - Lincoln, rfunston2@unl.edu
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr
Part of the Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons, Meat Science Commons, and
the Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health Commons
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has
been accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln.
Lansford, Alicia C.; Meyer, Tonya L.; and Funston, Richard N. Funston, "Comparison of Two Alternate Prostaglandin Products in
Yearling Beef Heifers" (2018). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 973.
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr/973
12 · 2018 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report
©  The Board Regents of the University of  
Nebraska. All rights reserved.
after initial PG injection and placed with 
2 bulls. Inseminated heifers were placed 
in a separate pasture for 10 d before being 
placed with bulls and heifers not detected 
in estrus for a 60 d breeding season at a bull 
to heifer ratio of 1:50. Pregnancy to AI was 
diagnosed via transrectal ultrasonography 
(Aloka, Hitachi Aloka Medical America 
Inc., Wallingford, CT) 51 d after initial PG 
injection and BW was recorded. Final preg-
nancy diagnosis occurred 78 d after initial 
pregnancy diagnosis via transrectal ultra-
sonography to determine final pregnancy 
rates and record BW.
A second group of yearling, Angus- 
based crossbred heifers were managed at 
the Kelly Ranch, Sutherland, NE (n = 90, 
719 ± 9 lb; location 2, L2) and were offered a 
ration containing 1 lb/d wet distillers grains, 
5 lb/d grass hay, 7 lb/d corn silage, and 0.4 
lb/d balancer pellet on a DM basis. Heifers 
were synchronized with a similar MGA- PG 
protocol as L1 and assigned randomly to 
CONTROL (n = 45) or HiCON (n = 45) 
treatment groups.
Heifers were AI 12 h after detection of 
estrus. Heifers not expressing estrus by 96 h 
were AI and given 2 ml Factrel i.m. (50 μg/
mL gonadorelin hydrochloride, Zoetis Ani-
mal Health, Parsippany, NJ). Ten d post AI, 
2 bulls were placed with heifers for a 40 d 
breeding season. Pregnancy to AI was diag-
nosed via transrectal ultrasonography 57 d 
after PG injection and BW recorded. A final 
pregnancy diagnosis and BW measurement 
followed 50 d after initial pregnancy diag-
nosis on heifers not pregnant to AI.
the efficacy of 2 ml s.c. Lutalyse HighCon 
compared with 5 ml i.m. Lutalyse in estrus 
response and pregnancy rates in a melenge-
strol acetate (MGA)- PG protocol.
Procedure
Yearling, Angus- based heifers managed 
at 2 locations were utilized to evaluate 
the efficacy of 2 alternate PG (Lutalyse 
vs. Lutalyse HighCon) products. Heifers 
at location 1 (n = 100, 750 ± 7 lb, L1) were 
maintained at West Central Research and 
Extension Center (WCREC), North Platte, 
NE. Heifers were offered a ration consist-
ing of 13 lb/hd grass hay, 5 lb/hd wet corn 
gluten feed, and 1 lb/hd of 1 of 2 mineral 
supplements, on an DM basis.
Heifers were synchronized using a 
MGA- PG protocol (Figure 1). Each heifer 
was offered 0.5 mg/d of melengestrol 
acetate (MGA, Zoetis Animal Health, Par-
sippany, NJ) pellets in their diet (d 1 to 14). 
On d 33, heifers were blocked by previous 
mineral treatment and assigned to receive 5 
mL Lutalyse i.m. (CONTROL, n = 50) or 2 
mL Lutalyse HighCon s.c. (HiCON, n =50). 
A heat detection patch (Estrotect, Rockway 
Inc., Spring Valley, WI) was applied at PG 
injection. Heifers were managed together to 
observe estrus continuously for 6 d.
Heifers were AI 12 h after estrus was 
observed. Heifers were considered in estrus 
when more than 50% of the rub- off coating 
was removed on the Estrotect patch. Heifers 
not detected in estrus (n = 16) were given 
a s.c. injection of Lutalyse HighCon 6 d 
Alicia C. Lansford
T.L. Meyer
Rick N. Funston
Summary with Implications
Yearling heifers were administered 1 of 2 
alternate prostaglandin products (Lutalyse 
vs. Lutalyse HighCon), which differ in con-
centration of active ingredient and admin-
istration route. Timing of estrus, pregnancy 
rate to AI, and final pregnancy rate did not 
differ between treatments. Body weight and 
ADG were also not affected by prostaglandin 
treatment. These results indicate producers 
can utilize Lutalyse HighCon, administered 
subcutaneously (s.c.), to avoid injection 
site blemishes and reduce carcass discounts 
with no impact on estrus synchronization or 
pregnancy rates.
Introduction
Estrus synchronization optimizes 
labor and time, increases calf uniformi-
ty, decreases the length of the calving 
season, and improves the ease of using AI. 
Prostaglandin F2α (PG), a hormone used in 
estrus synchronization, is typically injected 
intramuscularly (i.m.) to regress the corpus 
luteum, initiate estrus, and ultimately, cause 
ovulation of the dominant follicle. The Beef 
Quality Assurance program encourages an-
imal pharmaceutical companies to develop 
s.c. administration of injectable products, 
decreasing the use of i.m. injections, which 
can cause injection site lesions. Lutalyse 
HighCon (12.5 mg/mL dinoprost trometh-
amine, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, 
NJ) has recently received labeling for either 
s.c. or i.m. injection. It contains a higher 
concentration of dinoprost tromethamine 
than Lutalyse (5 mg/mL, Zoetis Animal 
Health, Parsippany, NJ) and subsequent 
dosage is decreased from 5 to 2 ml. The ob-
jective of the present study was to evaluate 
Comparison of Two Alternate Prostaglandin  
Products in Yearling Beef Heifers
Figure 1. Melengestrol acetate– prostaglandin F2α (MGA- PG) protocol. Melengestrol acetate ( Zoetis 
Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ) offered to each heifer for 14 d at a rate of 0.5 mg/d. On d 33, heifers were 
administered either 5 ml i.m. Lutalyse (CONTROL, 5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal 
Health, n = 95) or 2 ml s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (HiCON, 12.5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis 
Animal Health, n = 95).
2018 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report · 13 
Statistical Analysis
The PROC GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 
(SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, N.C) was used for 
statistical analyses with location and treat-
ment in the class statement. Main effects 
analyzed were estrus detection time points, 
AI pregnancy rate, final pregnancy rate, BW 
and ADG. Individual heifer was considered 
the experimental unit. Means were declared 
significant for both experiments at P ≤ 0.05 
with 0.05 < P < 0.10 considered a tendency.
Results
Initial BW was similar (P = 0.36) be-
tween treatments (729 vs. 739 ± 8 lb, CON-
TROL vs. HiCON), but differed (P = 0.01) 
between locations (750 vs. 719 ± 7 lb, L1 vs. 
L2). Additionally, BW at first pregnancy 
diagnosis was similar (P = 0.26) between 
treatments (858 vs. 871 ± 9 lb, CONTROL 
vs. HiCON), but also differed (P = 0.04) 
by location (851 vs. 875 ± 9 lb, L1 vs. L2). 
Heifers at L2 had a greater ADG (P < 0.01) 
between prebreeding and AI pregnancy 
diagnosis compared with heifers at L1 (2.0 
vs. 2.9 ± 0.07 lb/d). At final pregnancy 
diagnosis, heifer BW was similar (P = 0.71) 
between locations (928 vs. 941 ± 31 lb, L1 
vs. L2), and treatments (P = 0.85; 939 vs. 
933 ± 24 lb, CONTROL vs. HiCON). The 
discrepancy in BW and ADG by location is 
caused by L2 heifers starting at a lower BW 
at initiation of the trial, but due to a higher 
energy ration fed through the treatment 
period, compensating to a similar final BW.
Percentage of heifers detected in estrus 
is summarized in Table 1, and was similar 
between treatments at ≤ 60 h (P = 0.15), ≤ 
72 h (P = 0.51), and at 72 h (P = 0.27). There 
was a tendency (P > 0.07) for a location 
effect on estrus response timing at ≤ 60 h 
(60 vs. 47 ± 5%, L1 vs. L2) and at ≤ 72 h (78 
vs. 67 ± 5%, L1 vs. L2). Different manage-
ment practices were implemented at each 
location, and likely caused the tendency for 
location to have an effect on estrus response 
times.Total percentage of heifers observed 
in estrus throughout the detection period 
was similar between treatments (P = 0.40). 
Estrus response times for CONTROL, 
HiCON and 2017 groups is displayed in 
Figure 2.
There was a location × treatment inter-
action (P = 0.03) for AI pregnancy rates at 
AI pregnancy diagnosis between L1 (44 vs. 
Figure 2. Heifers were offered 0.5 mg/d melengestrol acetate (MGA, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, 
NJ) for 14 d. On d 33, heifers were injected with prostaglandin F2α in the neck region. For 2016, heifers 
were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: CONTROL: 5 mL i.m. Lutalyse (5 mg/mL dinoprost 
tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95) or HiCON: 2 mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (12.5 mg/mL 
dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95). In 2017, heifers (n = 98) were administered 2 
mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (2017).
Table 1. Estrus response times for yearling heifers given 2 alternate prostaglandin F2α injections in a 
MGA- PG estrus synchronization protocol
Estrus response, %
Treatment1
SEM
P- value2
CONTROL HiCON TRT Location T×L
≤ 60 h 48 59 5.2 0.15 0.07 0.81
72 h 22 16 4.3 0.27 0.69 0.72
≤ 72 h 71 75 4.7 0.51 0.08 0.96
Total Response 82 87 3.9 0.40 0.85 0.40
1 Heifers administered 1 of 2 alternate PGF2α injections in the neck region on d 33 as part of a MGA- PG protocol. CONTROL: 
5 mL i.m. Lutalyse (5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ, n = 95) or HiCON: 2 mL s.c. 
Lutalyse HighCon (12.5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n =95).
2 TRT: PGF2α injection treatment main effect, Location: Location main effect, T×L: PGF2α injection treatment by location inter-
action.
Table 2. Pregnancy rates of yearling beef heifers given one of two alternate prostaglandin F2α injections
Treatment1
SEM
P- value2
CONTROL HiCON TRT Location T×L
AI pregnancy3, % 63 60 5.3 0.62 0.06 0.03
Total pregnancy4, % 98 93 2.7 0.11 0.96 0.85
1 Heifers administered 1 of 2 alternate PGF2α injections in the neck region on d 33 as part of a MGA- PG protocol. CONTROL: 
5 mL i.m. Lutalyse (5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ, n = 95) or HiCON: 2 mL s.c. 
Lutalyse HighCon (12.5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95).
2 TRT: PGF2α injection treatment main effect, Location: Location main effect, T×L: PGF2α injection treatment by location inter-
action.
3 Pregnancy diagnosed via transrectal ultrasonography a minimum of 51 d after PGF2α injection.
4 Final pregnancy diagnosis conducted via transrectal ultrasonography a minimum of 107 d after PGF2α injection.
The following year, in 2017, additional 
yearling Angus- based heifers located at 
WCREC (2017, n = 98) were exposed to an 
MGA- PG protocol. Heifers were managed 
the same as L1, except all heifers received 
2 mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon. Heifers were 
observed for estrus activity for 4 d after PG 
injection and AI 12 h after detection. Those 
not detected (n = 13) were given a second 
injection of Lutalyse HighCon and placed 
with bulls for a 60 d breeding season.
14 · 2018 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report
to avoid injection site blemishes and reduce 
carcass discounts without negatively im-
pacting estrus synchronization or pregnan-
cy rates.
Alicia C. Lansford, graduate student
T.L. Meyer, research technician
Rick N. Funston, professor, University of 
Nebraska- Lincoln, West Central Research 
and Extension Center, North Platte, Neb.
a suitable alternative to an i.m. injection of 
Lutalyse.
Implications/Conclusions
Treatment (Lutalyse vs. Lutalyse High-
Con) did not affect estrus timing, preg-
nancy to AI, final pregnancy rates, BW or 
ADG. These results indicate producers can 
utilize a s.c. injection of Lutalyse HighCon 
64 ± 7.0%, CONTROL vs. HiCON) and L2 
(73 vs. 62 ± 7.2%, CONTROL vs. HiCON). 
This is similar to past AI pregnancy rates 
reported at WCREC (2016 Nebraska Beef 
Report, pp 5– 7) and those reported at the 
Kelly Ranch (2017 Nebraska Beef Report, 
pp 11– 12). Final pregnancy rates were 
similar between treatments (P > 0.11, Table 
2). Results from the present study indicate 
s.c. administration of Lutalyse HighCon is 


Comparison of Two Alternate Prostaglandin Products in Yearling Beef Heifers

DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska

University of Nebraska - LincolnDigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - LincolnNebraska Beef Cattle Reports Animal Science Department2018Comparison of Two Alternate ProstaglandinProducts in Yearling Beef HeifersAlicia C. LansfordUniversity of Nebraska - LincolnTonya L. MeyerUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, tl.meyer@live.comRichard N. Funston FunstonUniversity of Nebraska - Lincoln, rfunston2@unl.eduFollow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcrPart of the Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons, Meat Science Commons, andthe Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It hasbeen accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln.Lansford, Alicia C.; Meyer, Tonya L.; and Funston, Richard N. Funston, "Comparison of Two Alternate Prostaglandin Products inYearling Beef Heifers" (2018). Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports. 973.https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscinbcr/97312 · 2018 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report©  The Board Regents of the University of  Nebraska. All rights reserved.after initial PG injection and placed with 2 bulls. Inseminated heifers were placed in a separate pasture for 10 d before being placed with bulls and heifers not detected in estrus for a 60 d breeding season at a bull to heifer ratio of 1:50. Pregnancy to AI was diagnosed via transrectal ultrasonography (Aloka, Hitachi Aloka Medical America Inc., Wallingford, CT) 51 d after initial PG injection and BW was recorded. Final preg-nancy diagnosis occurred 78 d after initial pregnancy diagnosis via transrectal ultra-sonography to determine final pregnancy rates and record BW.A second group of yearling, Angus- based crossbred heifers were managed at the Kelly Ranch, Sutherland, NE (n = 90, 719 ± 9 lb; location 2, L2) and were offered a ration containing 1 lb/d wet distillers grains, 5 lb/d grass hay, 7 lb/d corn silage, and 0.4 lb/d balancer pellet on a DM basis. Heifers were synchronized with a similar MGA- PG protocol as L1 and assigned randomly to CONTROL (n = 45) or HiCON (n = 45) treatment groups.Heifers were AI 12 h after detection of estrus. Heifers not expressing estrus by 96 h were AI and given 2 ml Factrel i.m. (50 μg/mL gonadorelin hydrochloride, Zoetis Ani-mal Health, Parsippany, NJ). Ten d post AI, 2 bulls were placed with heifers for a 40 d breeding season. Pregnancy to AI was diag-nosed via transrectal ultrasonography 57 d after PG injection and BW recorded. A final pregnancy diagnosis and BW measurement followed 50 d after initial pregnancy diag-nosis on heifers not pregnant to AI.the efficacy of 2 ml s.c. Lutalyse HighCon compared with 5 ml i.m. Lutalyse in estrus response and pregnancy rates in a melenge-strol acetate (MGA)- PG protocol.ProcedureYearling, Angus- based heifers managed at 2 locations were utilized to evaluate the efficacy of 2 alternate PG (Lutalyse vs. Lutalyse HighCon) products. Heifers at location 1 (n = 100, 750 ± 7 lb, L1) were maintained at West Central Research and Extension Center (WCREC), North Platte, NE. Heifers were offered a ration consist-ing of 13 lb/hd grass hay, 5 lb/hd wet corn gluten feed, and 1 lb/hd of 1 of 2 mineral supplements, on an DM basis.Heifers were synchronized using a MGA- PG protocol (Figure 1). Each heifer was offered 0.5 mg/d of melengestrol acetate (MGA, Zoetis Animal Health, Par-sippany, NJ) pellets in their diet (d 1 to 14). On d 33, heifers were blocked by previous mineral treatment and assigned to receive 5 mL Lutalyse i.m. (CONTROL, n = 50) or 2 mL Lutalyse HighCon s.c. (HiCON, n =50). A heat detection patch (Estrotect, Rockway Inc., Spring Valley, WI) was applied at PG injection. Heifers were managed together to observe estrus continuously for 6 d.Heifers were AI 12 h after estrus was observed. Heifers were considered in estrus when more than 50% of the rub- off coating was removed on the Estrotect patch. Heifers not detected in estrus (n = 16) were given a s.c. injection of Lutalyse HighCon 6 d Alicia C. LansfordT.L. MeyerRick N. FunstonSummary with ImplicationsYearling heifers were administered 1 of 2 alternate prostaglandin products (Lutalyse vs. Lutalyse HighCon), which differ in con-centration of active ingredient and admin-istration route. Timing of estrus, pregnancy rate to AI, and final pregnancy rate did not differ between treatments. Body weight and ADG were also not affected by prostaglandin treatment. These results indicate producers can utilize Lutalyse HighCon, administered subcutaneously (s.c.), to avoid injection site blemishes and reduce carcass discounts with no impact on estrus synchronization or pregnancy rates.IntroductionEstrus synchronization optimizes labor and time, increases calf uniformi-ty, decreases the length of the calving season, and improves the ease of using AI. Prostaglandin F2α (PG), a hormone used in estrus synchronization, is typically injected intramuscularly (i.m.) to regress the corpus luteum, initiate estrus, and ultimately, cause ovulation of the dominant follicle. The Beef Quality Assurance program encourages an-imal pharmaceutical companies to develop s.c. administration of injectable products, decreasing the use of i.m. injections, which can cause injection site lesions. Lutalyse HighCon (12.5 mg/mL dinoprost trometh-amine, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ) has recently received labeling for either s.c. or i.m. injection. It contains a higher concentration of dinoprost tromethamine than Lutalyse (5 mg/mL, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ) and subsequent dosage is decreased from 5 to 2 ml. The ob-jective of the present study was to evaluate Comparison of Two Alternate Prostaglandin  Products in Yearling Beef HeifersFigure 1. Melengestrol acetate– prostaglandin F2α (MGA- PG) protocol. Melengestrol acetate ( Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ) offered to each heifer for 14 d at a rate of 0.5 mg/d. On d 33, heifers were administered either 5 ml i.m. Lutalyse (CONTROL, 5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95) or 2 ml s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (HiCON, 12.5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95).2018 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report · 13 Statistical AnalysisThe PROC GLIMMIX procedure of SAS (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, N.C) was used for statistical analyses with location and treat-ment in the class statement. Main effects analyzed were estrus detection time points, AI pregnancy rate, final pregnancy rate, BW and ADG. Individual heifer was considered the experimental unit. Means were declared significant for both experiments at P ≤ 0.05 with 0.05 < P < 0.10 considered a tendency.ResultsInitial BW was similar (P = 0.36) be-tween treatments (729 vs. 739 ± 8 lb, CON-TROL vs. HiCON), but differed (P = 0.01) between locations (750 vs. 719 ± 7 lb, L1 vs. L2). Additionally, BW at first pregnancy diagnosis was similar (P = 0.26) between treatments (858 vs. 871 ± 9 lb, CONTROL vs. HiCON), but also differed (P = 0.04) by location (851 vs. 875 ± 9 lb, L1 vs. L2). Heifers at L2 had a greater ADG (P < 0.01) between prebreeding and AI pregnancy diagnosis compared with heifers at L1 (2.0 vs. 2.9 ± 0.07 lb/d). At final pregnancy diagnosis, heifer BW was similar (P = 0.71) between locations (928 vs. 941 ± 31 lb, L1 vs. L2), and treatments (P = 0.85; 939 vs. 933 ± 24 lb, CONTROL vs. HiCON). The discrepancy in BW and ADG by location is caused by L2 heifers starting at a lower BW at initiation of the trial, but due to a higher energy ration fed through the treatment period, compensating to a similar final BW.Percentage of heifers detected in estrus is summarized in Table 1, and was similar between treatments at ≤ 60 h (P = 0.15), ≤ 72 h (P = 0.51), and at 72 h (P = 0.27). There was a tendency (P > 0.07) for a location effect on estrus response timing at ≤ 60 h (60 vs. 47 ± 5%, L1 vs. L2) and at ≤ 72 h (78 vs. 67 ± 5%, L1 vs. L2). Different manage-ment practices were implemented at each location, and likely caused the tendency for location to have an effect on estrus response times.Total percentage of heifers observed in estrus throughout the detection period was similar between treatments (P = 0.40). Estrus response times for CONTROL, HiCON and 2017 groups is displayed in Figure 2.There was a location × treatment inter-action (P = 0.03) for AI pregnancy rates at AI pregnancy diagnosis between L1 (44 vs. Figure 2. Heifers were offered 0.5 mg/d melengestrol acetate (MGA, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ) for 14 d. On d 33, heifers were injected with prostaglandin F2α in the neck region. For 2016, heifers were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: CONTROL: 5 mL i.m. Lutalyse (5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95) or HiCON: 2 mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (12.5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95). In 2017, heifers (n = 98) were administered 2 mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (2017).Table 1. Estrus response times for yearling heifers given 2 alternate prostaglandin F2α injections in a MGA- PG estrus synchronization protocolEstrus response, %Treatment1SEMP- value2CONTROL HiCON TRT Location T×L≤ 60 h 48 59 5.2 0.15 0.07 0.8172 h 22 16 4.3 0.27 0.69 0.72≤ 72 h 71 75 4.7 0.51 0.08 0.96Total Response 82 87 3.9 0.40 0.85 0.401 Heifers administered 1 of 2 alternate PGF2α injections in the neck region on d 33 as part of a MGA- PG protocol. CONTROL: 5 mL i.m. Lutalyse (5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ, n = 95) or HiCON: 2 mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (12.5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n =95).2 TRT: PGF2α injection treatment main effect, Location: Location main effect, T×L: PGF2α injection treatment by location inter-action.Table 2. Pregnancy rates of yearling beef heifers given one of two alternate prostaglandin F2α injectionsTreatment1SEMP- value2CONTROL HiCON TRT Location T×LAI pregnancy3, % 63 60 5.3 0.62 0.06 0.03Total pregnancy4, % 98 93 2.7 0.11 0.96 0.851 Heifers administered 1 of 2 alternate PGF2α injections in the neck region on d 33 as part of a MGA- PG protocol. CONTROL: 5 mL i.m. Lutalyse (5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsippany, NJ, n = 95) or HiCON: 2 mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon (12.5 mg/mL dinoprost tromethamine, Zoetis Animal Health, n = 95).2 TRT: PGF2α injection treatment main effect, Location: Location main effect, T×L: PGF2α injection treatment by location inter-action.3 Pregnancy diagnosed via transrectal ultrasonography a minimum of 51 d after PGF2α injection.4 Final pregnancy diagnosis conducted via transrectal ultrasonography a minimum of 107 d after PGF2α injection.The following year, in 2017, additional yearling Angus- based heifers located at WCREC (2017, n = 98) were exposed to an MGA- PG protocol. Heifers were managed the same as L1, except all heifers received 2 mL s.c. Lutalyse HighCon. Heifers were observed for estrus activity for 4 d after PG injection and AI 12 h after detection. Those not detected (n = 13) were given a second injection of Lutalyse HighCon and placed with bulls for a 60 d breeding season.14 · 2018 Nebraska Beef Cattle Reportto avoid injection site blemishes and reduce carcass discounts without negatively im-pacting estrus synchronization or pregnan-cy rates.Alicia C. Lansford, graduate studentT.L. Meyer, research technicianRick N. Funston, professor, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte, Neb.a suitable alternative to an i.m. injection of Lutalyse.Implications/ConclusionsTreatment (Lutalyse vs. Lutalyse High-Con) did not affect estrus timing, preg-nancy to AI, final pregnancy rates, BW or ADG. These results indicate producers can utilize a s.c. injection of Lutalyse HighCon 64 ± 7.0%, CONTROL vs. HiCON) and L2 (73 vs. 62 ± 7.2%, CONTROL vs. HiCON). This is similar to past AI pregnancy rates reported at WCREC (2016 Nebraska Beef Report, pp 5– 7) and those reported at the Kelly Ranch (2017 Nebraska Beef Report, pp 11– 12). Final pregnancy rates were similar between treatments (P > 0.11, Table 2). Results from the present study indicate s.c. administration of Lutalyse HighCon is 

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Comparison of Two Alternate Prostaglandin Products in Yearling Beef Heifers

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