Senda, Jiro

Takeda, Akira

Simplified Chinese

Okayama University Scientific Achievement Repository

INDUCTION OF PARTHENOCARPY WITH N・ARYLGLYCINESAkira. TAKEDA a.nd Jiro SENDA It is we11 known tha.t the pa.rthenoca.rpy ca.n be induced a.rtificia.lly in ma.ny pla.nts by the use of pla.nt growth substa.nces. The effica.cy finds its pra.ctica.l use in setting seedless fruits of pla.nts. As for N・a.rylglycine，a.ny e玄a.mpleof such a pra.ctica.l a.pplica.tion ha.s scarcely been known， e玄cepttha.t N-(s-naphthyl)gly巴ineis des巴ribeda.s ineffe巴tivefor inducing pa.rthenoca.rpy in tomato (Wa.lker， 1948). Since it ha.s been shown， however， in the previous pa.per (Ta.keda.， 1954) by mea.ns of the pea.旬叫， the Aduki test a.nd the A抑制cylinder test tha.t many of N-a.rylgly巴inesexhibit primary growth a.ctivities， these compounds may be expected to加 effica.ciousa.lso in the practica.l use. The applica.bility of N -arylgly巴inefor the purpose w制 nowtested using compounds which possess 1. compa.ra.tively high growth a.ctivity a.mong the homologues. The present pa.per d回目ibesthe results of the experiment conducted from the a.bove-mentioned view， using two N-a.rylglycines and two nitriles， i. e. N-(3-chlorophenyl)glycine， N・(2，4・dichlorophenyl)glycine， N -(2，4・dichlo・rophnyl)glycinonitrile a.nd N-(3，4・dichlorophenyl)glycinonitrile.Ta.bles 1， 2 a.nd 3 show the r偶ultsobta.ined from the experiment with N-(2，4-dichlorophenyl)gly巴ine. The da.ta. concerning the compounds other tha.n this had been omitted， however， beca.use 1.1 of the flower buds trea.ted by them fell down within 1. few da.ys. TABLE 1 Induction of parthen∞arpy of egg plant a (8olanum Mel仰 ge槌 L.var_ool伺 go-cylindricv.m HARA) by N-(2，4-dichlorophenyl)glycine b Cooceotratioo， 一ヲ6 量lewerb・dlJtreated 与由A唾0.1 7 0.5 8 1 日2 9 4 8 Number of fløw~ wlaiu dropped after ぬe. tr鍋勾且錨~5 8 2 1 1 ????Per oeot fruits [set] gathered 。 。。 。z 。 25 7d 78 6e 75 b The stigma w制 leftiotaot. u Diethylamioe salt of N・(2.4-didhlorllphenyl)glycioec. d. e W醐 employedio the eJ:periment. ~......" The fruits ga.thered， weighed [0] 45.6， [d] 110.11， [e] 101.9 g.， 00 the avera.ge， re・pectively.(Bd. 11， Ht. 1 Berichte d. Ohe.re. Instituts. 76 2 TABLE Induction of parthenocarpy of egg plant e. (Solanum Melongena depressum BAILEY) by N・(2，4-dichlorophenyl)glycineb Per cent under-developed fruito [set] ????????????fruits ge.thered ???????????????Number of flo1l'・n wm.1l dropped e.fter the tre唱tment9 5 4 8 2 L. var . . Concentre.tion， flower bnds tree.ted ???????????????????% 0.1 0.5 1 2 4 e. The flowers were eme.scule.ted one de.y before e.nthesis. b Diethyle.mine皿ltof N・(2，4-dichlorophenyl)glycinewe.s employed in the experiment. c， d The fruits ge.thered， weighed [c] 83.5， [d] 87g・onthe e.vere.ge. 3 Induction of parthen侃 arpyof egg plant a (8olanum Melonge闘L. var. depreBs叫m BAILEY) by N-(2，4・dichlorophenyl)glycineb TABLE Per cent fruits ge.thered [set] ???????????????????qncler. developed fruits 6 2 3 1 3 Concentration， Number of flolfero whicll dropped e.fter the treatment 3 2 2 4 2 flower buds treated ????????????% 0.1 0.5 1 2 4 a The atigma we.s left intact. b Diethyle.mine se.lt of N-(2，4-dichlorophenyl)glycine we.s employed in the experiment. c， d， e， f， g The fruits ge.thered， weighed [c] 62.0， [d] 77，3， [e] 61.3， [f] 89.6， [g] 99.6g.， on the e.vere.ge， respectively. The results indicate that two nitriles， which have no primary growth activity， are ineffective for inducing parthenocarpy. Both N-(3・chlorophe-nyl)glycine and N・(2，4・dichlorophenyl)glycineare known to possess primary growih a.ctivity， but only the former was found to be useful fol' setting the parthenocarpic fruits of egg plant， while the latter， whi巴his of lower po・tency in growth test， la巴kedthe efficacy. The average weight and the percen回geof parthenocarpic frui句 setvary with the manner of treatment and the val'iety of plant. The fruit developed from an untre叫edflower of a form of Solanum Melon抑制 L.var. de抑制雌mBAILEY weighed 339 g. on the average， while the parthenocarpic fruit of the 1957】 Takeda & Senda: Induction of Parthenocarpy with N.Arylglycines 77 same form set with N・(2，4・dichlorophenyl)glycine，which was gathered， wei-ghed only 1伎お thana third of that. The flesh ofもhelatter， however， ap-peared so fine-grained. EXPERIMENT AL MateriaZs. The chemicals employed are the diethylamine salt of N・(3・chlorophenyl)glycine， the diethylamine salt of N-(2，4・dichlorophenyl)g lycine， N・(2，4・dichlorophenyl)glycinonitrile and N・(3，4:-dichlorophenyl)glycinonit-rile. The preparation of th佃 ecompounds will be reported later. The samp・1関 weremixed up with lanoline and applied to the plants as a lanolin paste. BioZogicaZ testing for set印gpartke附 arpic1問 itsof egg pZant8. The ex-periment was condu巴tedfrom July to September， 1954， inessentially the same manner as described by Oiue (Oiue， 1938). The stout seedlings of the two kinds of egg plant， viz. SoZanum MeZ側-gena L. var. depres四mBAILEY and var. obZongo・cyZindricumHARA， we四planted and grown in the farm. The flower目wereemasculated one day before anthesis. The stigma of one half of these flowers were then cut off and the other half were left intact. Then， the pistils were treated uniformly， from the amputated section in the former and from the stigma in the latter， down to ovary， with a lanolin p剖 teof diethylamine salt of N・(2，4-dichlorophen-yl)glycine having su巴h巴oucentrationsas 0， 0.1， 0ム1.0，2.0 and 4.0 %， res-pectively， and the treated buds were covered with paraffin paper bags. Two days after the treatment， the bags were removed. The drop of flowers or fruits was examined 5 days， 15 days and 30 days after the treatment. The fruits were gathered 35 days after. A most part of the treated flowers which did not bear fruits dropped within 5句 7days after the treatment and a goodly number of underdeve-loped fruits the average weight of which was les than 2 g. was produced. SUMMARY The efficacy of a few N・arylglycin伺 andnitriles for setting partheno・carpic fruits has been investigated using egg plants as test materials. N-(2，4-Dichlorophny l)g ly巴inewas found to be effi巴a巴ious.The experiments here described may offer a preliminary kuowledge in case where N-arylglycine is to be put to practical use for the purpose. LITERATURE Oiue， Y.， 1938， NoUyo oyobi Eng白 (inJapaaese)， 13 : 2215. Takeda， A.， 1954， Rept. Ohara 1削 t.Agr. Biol. {in Japalle闘 1.42: 19. Walker. R. D.. 1948. his th四 iH.University of LOlldoll. 

INDUCTION OF PARTHENOCARPY WITH N-ARYLGLYCINES

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