Itano, Arao

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Spontaneous Studies of Soils. I. A method for collecting the soil samples to be studied in the laboratory.

Okayama University Scientific Achievement Repository

Spontaneous Studies of Soi1s. 1. A method for collecting the soi1 samples to be studied in the laboratory. By Arao Itano. [March 10， 1936.] Introduction: Ith阻 beena great b阻 .di個 pfor th由自oilinvestigation in general especially in the biological reseo.rcb也o.tth由自oil岨，mplesthus fo.r used are far removed and disturbed from tbe natural sto.初日otho.t the results obtained by the usual methods mo.y differ greatly from that existing in nature. Althougb it is almost imp佃 sibleto provide ex即日ythe same ecologico.l conditions in the labora旬'ry創出0由efound in the nature， itis at色emptedto reto.in the natural state幽 mucho.s possible in collecting the踊 mplesand to carry on the experimento. To attain the object， the following method is pro-posed， o.s described in detail below. A propo鵬dmethod: The method cOllsis旬 oftaking a F.loil monolit.h of a small size in a similar manner which is o.dopted in the soil profile investigation，制 d自由cribedin deta江and shown in the figure and pbotograph自below:ム) Appal官加sused: 1.) A br朗自 caselor出emonolith:- The case包 made01 the br朗自 plaぬ01 3 mm. thick and co国 is旬 01也elollowing po.r旬，同shownin Figure 1 and Pla.te XIV: ‘f '. 'b'. ‘g '.'c'. 'd'. 'e'. 'S'. 'h'. e i'. • ，?? ??』 ?• Description 01 the po.r旬:Pa.rt ' 0. '.-a.自beet01 bra嗣 3mm. thie，k 1p x 20 cm.自qua.rewith a projeotion in the center of出e釦pand of which 1.5cm. of the longer edg倒(的a.returned o.t 量‘. . 旬、.、，・、A.ITANo. ? ?• ???• ~ 290 h ，， .守うぜ• • ??。 ?U ?、 ??。。?????主• 予、.¥3 ?????? ? ??? ? ?』??? ?? ? ??????. ν，rigbt a.ngle a.nd tbe lower edge is sba.rpened; a.t w， 0.window (4x12cm.) witb door is provided 80 th叫 tbe帥.mpl倒 maybe taken out fromもimeto time; two projectionf! a.re plo.ced to bo1cl Up the fmme • f' an<l •h・.SpontaneclU8 Studieo of Soils. 1. 291 Pa.rも‘b'o.nd • c '，-th白河etwo pa.rts form the left a.nd right side a.nd a.l'e the sn.me Rized brass pla.te， 15 X却 cm.with one hook (Y) plooed on one白ideof the upper edge a.nd the other白ideis 81eeved， a.nd the lower edge i8 8harpened 制 inc倒府 of‘ピ;two projectioDS a.re placed a.t tbe lower pa.rt加 holdup the fmrne ‘f' a.nd ‘g'. Pa.rt' d'，ーもbesa.rne曲、， withollt the ，vindow o.nd the sleeves but having .a hook o.t帥 chupper corne1'. Pa.rt • e '，-the bot;句mbmss plat.e is 17 cm.自qurebo.nked (p) on th1'ee oid倒.1.5 cm. high， a.nd a自idewithout :the bank is sho.1'pened; two sma.l holes a.1'e provided on each side bo.nk through which the ho.ndles ca.n be fixed. Pa.rt • f ' a.nd ‘g '，-b1'o.s自f1'o.mewith " 8crew (z) a.t one sho1't o.1'm. Po.rも‘h'，-o.詞qua.reb1'朗自fra.mewith 0. sc1'ew. Pl.rt ' i '，-s ho.nclle. P町七・j'，-two wire holders. . Beside自由倒epar切 desc1'ibed・，bove，0. well sh町pened白t1'a.ightspn.de o.nd 1¥ large a.nd b1'oad knife a.1'e used. B.) Procedure /or lah;，g Ihe .cam.〆es:If the 80il i自前払 pushdown ・a.'by meaD自 ofthe ho.ndle squa.1'ely into the tIOil and gelltly ta.ke a.wa.y the soil next旬、'bym伺 nsof the自pa.de;if the田oil包 ho.rd，ma.ke 0. hole in t，he soil by the 8pade， a.bout 30 cm. d回 pa.nd 40 cm. squa.1'e and clesn up 0. wa.l with the knue， o.nd plo.ce‘a.' a.go.in st a.目mootbwo.l. Then pla.ce‘b ' o.nd ' c'in t.urn on both畠idesof • a." eithe1' by pushing dOWll di1'ectly ()r a.fte1' digging with the s伊dea白ho凶 dist&ncea.wa.y o.long the outMid自・ Next bmce up' a'，‘b' and ‘c' with‘f' just above the p1'ojection. Then pl齢 e‘d'to comple旬 thec朗 eeithe1' by direct1y pushing down or after digging with the opade; brace on ' d' 8ide wiも，h'g'岨 dplace • h' which is tightened by m帥問。fthe自c1'ew. Finally cloo1' a.wa.y a.pa1't of soil叫 theba.se by mea.n自ofthe knue ()r spade， a.nd plooe 'e' ca1'efully闘もhatit ma.kes the ba.se for七heblock; then pla.ce the holders 'j' tb1'ough the holes of • e '闘 tha.tthe block ca.n be carriecl in句 thela.bo1'a.tory叫 sily，o.nd pl邸 edin a.n incuba.to1'， if 80 desired. Ths凶 mplesfor tests are ta.ken out thru出eopening at 'w'， at desi1'ed in句rvo.lsby mean8 of a small 8阻】plingtube， or such旬前倒 theCholodny method伺 nbe applied. At the sametime， the other te自旬島uch嗣 temperatu1'em曲自urement自， the direct pH determination eOO.， can be made di1'ectly froDl time to time. Summary. Byもhismethod， a s釦 lpleof the自urfa.ce80il to the su貸icientdepth for a. majority of the a.ro.ble soils，巴anbe obtained and inv倒もi.gatedin the laborato1'Y 41nder very cl08e conditions加 t.heno.tuml state. ? ??????? ? ?』?????????N ???????司令?????-・.?????? ??向-ィ

Spontaneous Studies of Soils. I. A method for collecting the soil samples to be studied in the laboratory.

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