Itano, Arao

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Investigation on the Influence of Aerial-Earth Circuit on the Biological Activities. II. Mechanism of the influence on Azotobacter chroococcum as to its electrophoresis.・By Arao Itano， Ph. D. [l¥.Ia陀 h9， 1934.] Two preceding repor旬1).dea1t with t，he influence of the aeria1-earth circuit 01¥ Azotobacter chr∞coccum as to its growth and fixation of nitrogen， and the static potentia1 r~pective1y. Further euquiry w制 madeon the mechani自mof the influence reg町 dingthe e1ectrophoresis or e1ectrokinetic potentia1 of Azoto-bacter chroococcum and the re開 ltsare presented in this paper. EXteri初enlaltrocedu;.e:- Th自 Aamestrain of Azotobacter chroococcum as used in t.he preceding experiments was taken and grown for three days in A岨眠、liquid medium， with and without an addition of ca1cium carbonate， o.nd in both c10自edand open circuit. At the end of period， a clear por低onof cu1ture was pipetted out and the e1ectrophoresi自wasdet自rminedin the fo11owing manner : N ORTHRuP-KUNlTZ ce112)， as sbown photograpbi叩11y(Fig. 1)， was used in combination with Leitz microEcope (P1ate VIII) (M) having 10X Huygenian ocu-1ar; ocu1ar micrometer; achl'omatic objectiv白 20X，9 mm. focus， 0.45 N. A.， and “8tella" 1amp (L) .of ]∞Wattf. The ocu1ar micrometer w朗自tandardizedagain自tthe同tagemicrometer， and the time of migration of the organism over a known divisions equa1 to 1∞μon the ocular micrometer w闘 takenby means of a B旬pwatch. A s.ource .of direct current .of 100 vo1ts was used thru a proper resist，ance (R) 1'.0 t.hat any dUlired vo1tage (lan be drawn and indicated by a vo1tmeter (V) which is c.onnected up with a mercury c.ommutator (K) by which the po1自由 canbe changed. The cell (0) of which descripti.on is given in detai1 in Fig. 1， isplaced .on the micr.o回opicstage and c.onnected to the e1ectrode tub白色The e1ectrode tubes (Tl & T~) Il.re盆lledwith saturated zinc sulf，ate and the unc e1ectrodes are connected t.o a s.ource .of potential. The stopcocks (81 & 82) are * Reported in: The Proce(>tiing of the ImperiaI Academy， IX， No. 10: 692-595， 1933. 1.) A. ITANo， Proc. Imp. Academy (.Ja阿)， IX， 47-50; 309-312， 13. 2.) J. H. NORTHRUP and 1¥'.1 Kt:NJTZ， .J. Gen. PhysioI.， 7: 729， 1925. 256 A. ITANo: turned so that the cell is cotin白cted句 theoverflow (0)， and w帥 hout any exce開。fzinc sulfat白withdisti1led wa.ter. a.pplがngsucも，iona.t th白 ov白rsowtube. After th白 cellIR rinsed out with乱 sma.la.mount of sa.mple， iti白盆lledthru tube (T3) <larefully avoiding any a.ir bubble. The自topcooks(Sl & S~) a.re turned so that the cell is connected with zin<l sulfa.t白; th白circuitis now closed， and the velocity of migro.tion of orga.nism包mea.suredo.t the di貸erentdep出 0/the cell; revel'百ethe current a.nd the岨meobserva.tion is made旬o.scertainthe cha.rg白 oforga.ni自m，by meo.ns of a commutator (K). The plo.tinum wir倒 (Pt)placed in the cell are usedもodetermine the po切nもia.lgra.die叫 ofthe cell itself， which wa.s fouud to be 4.3 volts per cm. in t，his c朗 e.? ????????? ????????， ????????s 定C The results are given in the following table : (See Table 1 on 11ext po.ge.) Table 1 indicates tha.t Azotob邸 terchroococcum carries th白 nega.tivecha.rge and migra.tes towa.rd the a.nod自・ The velocity of migra.tion v創l"Iessomewha.t by the medium， with or wi出outCa.CU3・ Tha.t， i白日lightlyf:帥 ωrin the medium切which 10 CaC03 added. 1n bo出 ofth白semedia.， the closed circuit reta.rds the ra.te of migra.tion. Discussion : - Azotobac旬rchroococcum caηies the nega.tive charge a.nd the velocity of migra.tion is depressed by clo自ingthe circuit in both media used， but how this depression e宜自巴t也ephysiological activity of th白 orgo.nismremo.ins to be interpreted. Investigation on the lnfluence of Aerial-Earth Circuiも 257onもhesiological Activiti帆 II.Table 1. Ra.句 oflIIigra.tion of Azotoba.c色erchroococcum. Tr帥もmen旬.Depth. Time to go Average time Averageμper (mm.) 100μ 問。nda.) (蹴onds.)-C畠OOJCon甘01. 0.10 -8.0; -5.0 -6.11 -16.51 0.20 -5.58 -17.94 -5.8; -5.3 Circui句d. 0.10 一11.0; -9.0 -7.88 -12.91 0.20 -6.88 -14.55 -8.0; -6.5 +Caα)， Conも，rol. 0.10 -7.2; -9.0 -6.72 -15.51 -5.2; 0.20 -5.38 -18.60' -5.5; 5.5 Clrcui総d. 0.10 一11.5; -9.0 -8.29 -13.24 0.20 -5.83 -17.17 -6.2; -5.8 No旬目: (一)自ignindic晶testhc apparent sign of char酔 ofAZOωbacぬrand mcan目的migraもetoward位lCanoue; ・distance from ∞ver-gla日且 at which determina.-もionwas made. Summ叱"" - The mecho，nism of出自 influenceof aerial-eo，r也 circuiton Azotobacter chroococcurn闘 toi旬 el即位ophor倒 iswas investigaおd o，nd出efollowing summary may be made : 1. Azotobacter chroococcum carrieR the n白gativecharge o，nd migrateもowo，rdthe anode inもheelectric fi.eld. 2. The presence of excess co，lcium salt in出自mediumdepre鈎 esthe velocity of migr叫ionslightly. 3. In the clo日edcircuit， th白刊looityof migration is depre鰯 edinboもhmedio" "Witn or without 00，003. ??????』? ?『。』???吋トで村、 、..J " 、、、、• ? ?? ??

Investigation on the Influence of Aerial-Earth Circuit on the Biological Activities. III. Mechanism of the influence on Azotobacter chroococcum as to its electrophoresis.*

Investigation on the Influence of Aerial-Earth Circuit on the Biological Activities. III. Mechanism of the influence on Azotobacter chroococcum as to its electrophoresis.*

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