Carrer, Marco

Castagneri, Daniele

Paulina, Puchi

Pirazzo, Giacomo

Rossi, Sergio

English

Paulina Puchi

Daniele Castagneri

Sergio Rossi

PIRAZZO, GIACOMO

Marco Carrer

Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova

INTRODUCTIONTree-ring and xylogenesis studies have shown that the mainenvironmental driver of wood formation in boreal forests is temperature.Quantitative wood anatomy is a new approach to investigateenvironmental drivers on tree growth at intra-annual scale. The aim ofthis research is to explore the possibility of detecting cambial phenologyinformation from time series of wood anatomical traits and comparethem with previous findings.Paulina Puchi (1) , Daniele Castagneri (1), Sergio Rossi (2), Giacomo Pirazzo (1), Marco Carrer (1).(1) Universitá degli Studi di Padova / Dipartimento territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali (TESAF), Via dell'Università 16 - 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.(2) Université du Québec à Chicoutini / Département des Sciences Fondamentales, 555 Boulevard de l' Université, Chicoutimi, (QC) G7H2B1, Canada.paulinafernanda.puchigonzalez@phd.unipd.itCONCLUSIONSThis study confirms the potential of tree-ring anatomy analysis to betterunderstand the relationship between wood formation and climate variabilityat both intra-annual scale but also fairly long time scales. Extending thisinvestigation on more sites and species can contribute to elucidate whichare the main variables that influence tree growth in boreal forestecosystem, and how trees will respond to the rapid increase intemperature.REFERENCES- Boulouf Lugo, J & Morin H. 2010. Tracheid production phenology of Picea mariana and itsrelationship with climatic fluctuations and bud development using multivariate analysis. TreePhysiol. 30, 853–865.- Rossi, S., Hubert, M., A. Deslauriers, P. Y. Plourde. 2011. Predicting xylem phenology in blackspruce under climate warming. Glob Chang Biol. 17, 614-625.- Rossi, S., Girard, M. J., & Hubert, M. 2014. Lengthening of the duration of xylogenesis engendersdisproportionate increases in xylem production. Glob Chang Biol. 20(7), 2261–2271.- von Arx, G., & Carrer, M. 2012. ROXAS–A new tool to build centuries-long tracheid-lumenchronologies in conifers. Dendrochronologia. 32, 290-293.RESULTSIn both sites, the CA was negatively correlated with temperature andVPD during late May to late September. High summer temperatureshave a constrain effect on cell enlargement. Meanwhile, precipitationhas a positive correlation with CA (Fig 4a).CWT presents positive correlations with temperature and VPD,indicating a positive effect of spring temperature on cell development.The last sector (latewood) in cell wall lignification coincide with theending of xylem differentiation. In both sites, the precipitation do notinfluence the CWT (Fig 4b).Fig 2. Cross-section image of Picea marianaanalyzed by ROXAS (von Arx & Carrer, 2014).The software measured tree ring with (yellowline), cell lumen area, cell wall thickness andcell relative position in the ring. The black linesare the grafical representation of TRWpartitioning using 10 sectors.B) (DFig 4. Running correlations between CA (a) and CWT (b) divided in 10 ring sectors along the growth direction(S1→S10, y axes), and 30-day mean temperature, VPD and precipitation, from April to September of the currentyear (x axes). Correlations were calculated, for MIR and DAN, for the period 1936-1996 and for the period 1936-2011 (inset graphs). The dashed lines indicate xylogenesis onset, the gray lines the ending of xylemdiffererentiation (xylogenesis information from Boulouf Lugo & Morin 2010; Rossi et al. 2011; Rossi et al. 2014).Fig 3. Monthly mean temperature and precipitation forMirage (MIR) and Camp Daniel (Dan) from 1936 to2011.Fig. 5. May-September average temperature records from1936-2011 in MIR and DAN. The red arrow shows the abruptincrease of temperature in 1996.METHODSWe selected two sites in theboreal black spruce (Piceamariana) forest of Quebec,Canada (50°41’ and 53°47’ N, Fig1), where previous xilogeneticmonitoring was carried out. Micro-slides of wood cross-sectionssamples were processed with theimage-analysis software ROXAS(Fig 2). We built long chronologiesof Tree Ring Width (TRW), CellArea (CA), and Cell WallThickness (CWT), and correlatedthem to daily temperature, VapourPressure Deficit (VPD) andprecipitation records from 1936 to2011 (Fig 3).DISCUSSIONBoth sites present a drasticincrease in temperaturesduring the last years (Fig 5).We hypothesized that theincrement of temperature inthe last decades, hashampered the trees to show aclear signal (inset graphs Fig4), indeed, eliminating the last15 and warmest years fromthe analysis, the climate-growth relations of CA andCWT were clearer in both thesites.Long-term assessment of climate influence on cambial phenology on Picea mariana through dendroanatomical techniquesFig. 1. Study sites location in the boreal forest ofQuebec, Canada. (Modified from Rossi et al. 2014)This is coherent with Rossi et al. 2014 which indicates a disproportionateincreases in xylem cell production rather than a lengthening of the period ofcell division as the result of the rise of temperature.TRW TRW TRWSector Sector SectorS1 S1 S1S2 S2 S2S3 S3 S3S4 S4 S4S5 S5 S5S6 S6 S6S7 S7 S7S8 S8 S8S9 S9 S9S10 S10 S10TRW TRW TRWSector Sector SectorS1 S1 S1S2 S2 S2S3 S3 S3S4 S4 S4S5 S5 S5S6 S6 S6S7 S7 S7S8 S8 S8S9 S9 S9S10 S10 S10MIR CWTMEAN TEMPERATUREVPDPRECIPITATIONMIR CWTSepAprMIR CWTDAN CWTMay Jun Jul Ago SepApr May Jun Jul AgoDAN CWTSepSepAprDAN CWTAgo SepApr May Jun JulMay Jun Jul Ago SepApr Apr May Jun Jul AgoMay Jun Jul AgoTRW TRW TRWSector Sector SectorS1 S1 S1S2 S2 S2S3 S3 S3S4 S4 S4S5 S5 S5S6 S6 S6S7 S7 S7S8 S8 S8S9 S9 S9S10 S10 S10TRW TRW TRWSector Sector SectorS1 S1 S1S2 S2 S2S3 S3 S3S4 S4 S4S5 S5 S5S6 S6 S6S7 S7 S7S8 S8 S8S9 S9 S9S10 S10 S10MEAN TEMPERATUREMIR Cell areaVPDPRECIPITATIONSepSepDAN Cell areaAprAgoMay Jul AgoJulAgo SepAgoMay JunJul JunApr May JunSepAgo Sep Apr May JunMayAprMIR Cell areaDAN Cell area DAN Cell areaMIR Cell areaApr May Jun Jul Ago Sep JulAprJun Jula)b)Correlationcoefficients

Long-term assessment of climate influence on cambial phenology on Picea mariana through dendroanatomical techniques

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Long-term assessment of climate influence on cambial phenology on Picea mariana through dendroanatomical techniques

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