Mangrove ecosystem at Segara Anakan lagoon, Cilacap having specific characteristics so that in developing this area
should consider the conservation aspect. This area is the widest conserved-mangrove ecosystem at Java, and the place
for breeding of many species of fish, crustacean and others. Thousand families of fisheries were supported both direct and
indirectly from this ecosystem. However, along with the development activities in the watershed of Citanduy,
Cimeneng/Cikonde and other rivers connected to the area has brought about the increase of sediment, and threaten the
existence of the lagoon and surrounding mangrove ecosystem. Diversion of Citanduy river, dredging sediment, and
reboisation of the watershed river was a preference of conserving the ecosystem, however, the diversion could be forming a
new ecosystem, that actually threat the fisheries and tourism activities at Pangandaran, Ciamis.
Key words: mangrove, Citanduy river, Segara Anakan lagoon, sedimentation, diversion
