Aktivitas Penghambatan Minyak Atsiri dan Ekstrak Kasar Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt dan Myristica fattua Houtt) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Xanthomonas campestris Oammel asal Tanaman Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Abstract

The aims of this research were to study the inhibition activity of essential oil and crude extract of nutmeg seed (Myristica fragrans and M. fattua) on growth of Xanthomonas campestris which is pathogen to broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), to find out the best concentration of those substances to prevent X. campestris and to compare the inhibition activity of both substances on growth of X. campestris. The essential oil of nutmeg seed (M. fragrans and M. fattua) was obtained by Stahl distilation, while crude extract of the nutmeg seeds was extracted by metanol method. The method of this research was the disk diffusion method on nutrien agar. Paper disk was prestreaked on agar medium with X. campestris to be tested. Each petri disk was placed 5 paper disk dropped with the essential oil and the crude extract of the nutmeg seed in concentrations of 100%, 10%, 1% respectively, while for the comparison, the bactericide Agrept 0,2% was used. The parameters measured were the inhibition zone from the essential oil and the crude extract of the nutmeg seeds. The result of the analysis indicated that the essential oil of M. fragrans effectively inhibited X. campestris starting at concentration of 1%, the essential oil of M. fattua effectively inhibited X. campestris at concentration of 10% and the crude extract of M. fragrans effectively inhibited X. campestris at concentration of 100%. The crude extract of M. fattua was not effective on inhibiting the growth of X. campestris. Key words: inhibition activity, nutmeg seed’s, Xanthomonas campestris