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Mechanisms of grass in slope erosion control in loess sandy soil region of Northwest China.
Authors
徐震
赵春红
高建恩
Publication date
1 January 2013
Publisher
Abstract
采用人工模拟降雨方法,从坡面水动力学角度,结合土壤抗冲性分析,对不同坡度和雨强组合下牧草调控黄土高原风蚀水蚀交错区绵沙土坡面侵蚀机理进行了定量研究,为揭示植被调控土壤侵蚀机理及黄土高原水土保持植被选择提供科学参考.结果表明:覆盖度约为40%的牧草沙打旺能够有效控制坡面土壤侵蚀,减沙效益达70%以上,而且根系减沙效益大于草冠.裸坡、只有根系作用的坡面和整株牧草作用的坡面水流流速与雨强、坡度均呈V=DJ0.33i0.5的函数关系,其中,J为坡度比降,i为雨强(mm·min-1),下垫面不同,综合系数D取值不同.牧草根系和冠层能够显著减小流速,增加阻力,根系的减速作用大于草冠,而增阻作用小于草冠.根系调控坡面阻力主要通过增加坡面泥沙颗粒阻力实现,而草冠通过增加坡面形态阻力和波阻力来实现.利用薄层水流坡面产沙概念模型对土壤抗冲性进行评价,得到试验条件下裸坡、只有根系作用的坡面和整株牧草作用的坡面的临界径流切应力分别为0.533、0.925和1.672Pa.</span
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Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources
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Last time updated on 21/09/2018