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Study on Field Water Balance of Loess Plateau
Authors
李开元
李玉山
Publication date
1 January 1995
Publisher
Abstract
黄土高原由北向南顺序分布有沙壤带、轻壤带、中壤带和重壤带;2m土层最大持水容量约相当于各自所处地区的年降水量;2m土层有效持水容量约相当于各自作物耗水量的70%以上。黄土高原农田水分主要来源是降水,主要支出是作物蒸腾和土壤蒸发。巨大的土壤水库可容纳全部降水而且截留在作物可利用层之内。约有70%~80%的水量消耗于作物生长期的蒸发和蒸腾;约有20%~30%的水量消耗于非生长期的蒸发。北部地区作物(谷子、马铃薯)耗水量约300mm;南部地区作物(冬小麦、春玉米)耗水量约450mm。裸露农田土壤蒸发在雨季时最强烈,北部地区雨季时农田土壤蒸发量占同期降水量的90%,南部地区占63%。土壤水分入渗深度由北向南为1.0~2.5mm作物耗水层深度主要在2m以内
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Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources
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Last time updated on 21/09/2018