Preventive effects of statins on the incidence of liver cance

Allah Bakeshei, Khadijah

Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah

Salehiniya, Hamid

shahrekord university of medical scinces

ISSN:  2198-4093 www.bmrat.org     For correspondence:  amohamadii1361@gmail.com Competing interests: The authorsdeclare that no competing interests exist.  Received: 26 January 2018Accepted: 07 March 2018Published: 30 March 2018Copyright The Author(s) 2018. This article is published with open access by BioMedPress.This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0) which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.      Letter to Editor Preventive effects of statins on the incidence of liver cancer Hamid Salehiniya1, Khadijah Allah Bakeshei2, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani3,4,* 1Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran 2Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health,  Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran 4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  Keywords Effects, Liver Cancer, Prevention, Statin Dear Editor-in-Chief  Liver cancer is considered as one of the most common cancers in the world, so that it is ranked fifth in males and sixth in females in the world causing high annual costs to patients, the health system and society (Ferlay et al., 2015). The worldwide mortality rate of this disease is rising annually. This disease also has a very high fatality, so that 88% of patients in USA (Miller et al., 2016) and 90% of patients in China (Zeng et al., 2015) die of this disease in the first 5 years of its diagnosis. Therefore, it is essential to identify factors which protect against this disease. The protective effects of Statins against the cardiovascular diseases, stroke and heart attack has been proven (Tobert, 1996). Recent studies have found that Statins can also have protective effects against the cancers (Yi, Song, Wan, Chen, & Cheng, 2017). Several meta-analysis studies have explored the relationship between Statin receiving and the risk of developing liver cancer by application of randomized clinical trials, and found that the use of Statins significantly reduces the risk of liver cancer.  !Biomed Res Ther 2018, 5(3): 2130-2132 !2130DOI: 10.15419/bmrat.v5i3.426  ISSN:  2198-4093 www.bmrat.org     The Relative Risk(RR) of liver cancer in Statin-treatment group compared with the control group was equal to RR=0.63 (Confidence interval (CI) of 95%, 0.52-0.76) in research by Singh et al. (Singh, Singh, Singh, Murad, & Sanchez, 2013), RR=0.58 (CI of 95%, 0.51-0.67) in research by Shi et al. (Shi, Zheng, Nie, Gong, & Cui, 2014) and RR=0.58 (CI of 95%, 0.46-0.74) in a study by Pradelli et al. (Pradelli et al., 2013). Recently, Changhong et al. conducted a meta-analysis research based on Cohort studies on the dose-response relationship between the Statin receiving with incidence of liver cancer.  This study found that the relative risk of liver cancer was decrease equal to RR=0.86 (CI of 95%, 0.81-0.90) with an 50% increase in daily dose of received Statin during a year (Yi et al., 2017). Therefore, based on the results of meta-analysis studies, which provide the highest level of scientific inferences, it can be argued that Statins can have protective effects against the incidence of liver cancer. Furthermore, according to the proof of dose-response relationship between the received Statin and the incidence of liver cancer, the observed relationship can be considered as a causal association.  Abbreviations CI :Confidence Interval  RR: Relative Risk References Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Dikshit, R., Eser, S., Mathers, C., Rebelo, M., . . . Bray, F. (2015). Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. International Journal of Cancer, 136(5), E359–E386. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29210 PMID:25220842  Miller, K. D., Siegel, R. L., Lin, C. C., Mariotto, A. B., Kramer, J. L., Rowland, J. H., . . . Jemal, A. (2016). Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2016. CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 66(4), 271–289. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21349 PMID:27253694  Pradelli, D., Soranna, D., Scotti, L., Zambon, A., Catapano, A., Mancia, G., . . . Corrao, G. (2013). Statins and primary liver cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies. European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 22(3), 229–234. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEJ.0b013e328358761a PMID:23010949  Shi, M., Zheng, H., Nie, B., Gong, W., & Cui, X. (2014). Statin use and risk of liver cancer: An update meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 4(9), e005399. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005399 PMID:25227628  !Biomed Res Ther 2018, 5(3): 2130-2132 !2131 ISSN:  2198-4093 www.bmrat.org     Singh, S., Singh, P. P., Singh, A. G., Murad, M. H., & Sanchez, W. (2013). Statins are associated with a reduced risk of hepatocellular cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology, 144(2), 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.005 PMID:23063971  Tobert, J. A. (1996). Carcinogenicity of lipid-lowering drugs. Journal of the American Medical Association, 275(19), 1480–1482. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1996.03530430023029 PMID:8622219  Yi, C., Song, Z., Wan, M., Chen, Y., & Cheng, X. (2017). Statins intake and risk of liver cancer: A dose-response meta analysis of prospective cohort studies. Medicine, 96(27), e7435. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000007435 PMID:28682909 Zeng, H., Zheng, R., Guo, Y., Zhang, S., Zou, X., Wang, N., . . . Yu, X. Q. (2015). Cancer survival in China, 2003-2005: A population-based study. International Journal of Cancer, 136(8), 1921–1930. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29227 PMID:25242378!Biomed Res Ther 2018, 5(3): 2130-2132 !2132

Preventive effects of statins on the incidence of liver cancer

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Preventive effects of statins on the incidence of liver cancer

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