Abd Kadir, HA Haji

Alsousou, J

Frostick, SP

Roebuck, MM

Background: Obesity is a known risk factor for knee osteoarthritis (OA). It is speculated that adipokines produced by excess adipose tissue can trigger a low grade inflammatory state that may contribute to joint damage. The presence of health comorbidities is also presumed to exacerbate the condition further. 
Aims: 1: To determine the plasma concentrations of leptin, apelin and progranulin in end stage knee OA patients with differing gender, BMI, cardiovascular and metabolic conditions status. 2: To relate these factors with evaluation of clinical function, radiological status and circulating inflammatory markers of the patients. 
Methods: A total of 114 gender-matched participants were recruited into three equal groups (n=38): non-obese (Md age = 74.00 +/- 36.00 years), obese (Md age = 62.00 +/- 46.00 years), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) (Md age = 71.50 +/- 38.00 years). Clinical parameters included other joints involved with OA; patient reported outcome measures (WOMAC, SF-12); OA Kellgren-Lawrence grading; and blood plasma leptin, apelin, progranulin and S100A8/A9 were analysed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. 
Results: Plasma leptin level was lowest in non obese patients (Md = 6.59 ng/ml, p<0.01). The concentration of leptin and S100A8/A9 were significantly higher in females (Md = 39.07 ng/ml and md = 5.41ng/ml respectively, p<0.05). Plasma levels for apelin and progranulin did not show any statistical difference across either patient groups or gender. Clinically, non obese group had the highest MCS of SF-12 (Md = 63.75, p<0.01) and females had higher prevalence of upper limb OA (42.11%, p=0.001). On further analysis, plasma leptin showed significant positive correlation with BMI (rs = 0.681, p<0.001) and S100A8/A9 (rs = 0.289, p<0.01) with inverse relationship with MCS (rs = -0.299, p=0.001) and SF-12 (rs = -0.350, p<0.001). Plasma apelin levels were positively correlated with PCS (rs = 0.311, p=0.001) whilst plasma progranulin concentration showed negative correlation with S100A8/A9 (rs = -0.222, p<0.05). No statistically significant relationship was seen between the investigated adipokines. 
Conclusions: Plasma leptin, was strongly correlated with BMI levels unlike plasma apelin and progranulin. The findings indicated that raised leptin concentrations was associated with reduced general health whilst the opposite was seen for plasma apelin. An increased systemic progranulin was associated with reduced inflammation, perhaps demonstrating a protective role in osteoarthritis. Further studies are warranted to gain insight into the roles of these adipokines in disease progression and prognosis especially in obesity

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ADIPOKINES PRODUCTION IN METABOLIC-ASSOCIATED OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE JOINT

http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3017430/1/201061774_Jul2017.pdf

ADIPOKINES PRODUCTION IN METABOLIC-ASSOCIATED OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE JOINT

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