LI Wei

LIU Wenzhao

樋口 篤志

檜山 哲哉

福嶌 義宏

西川 将典

高橋 厚裕

Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Repository

 2Installation of ABL observation system on the “Changwu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station”  Tetsuya HIYAMA1), Atsushi HIGUCHI1), Atsuhiro TAKAHASHI2), Masanori NISHIKAWA1), Wei LI1), Wenzhao LIU3) and Yoshihiro FUKUSHIMA2)  1) Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center (HyARC), Nagoya University, Japan 2) Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Japan 3) Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, China   1. Introduction   The purposes of the observation for atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over the Loess Plateau are to detect exchange processes in momentum, heat, water, and CO2 among land - vegetation - atmosphere system, and to re-evaluate water cycle system over Loess Plateau.   We will analyze atmospheric turbulence in the ABL and get seasonal variations in surface fluxes of momentum, heat, water, and CO2 on the Plateau. We will also use satellite remote sensing data also to diagnose the land surface conditions around the target region. Analyzing processes in development of convective boundary layer (CBL) and generation of cumulus clouds using a “cloud resolving model” on the basis of the ABL observation data is our final target, too. Namely, the improvements of parameterizations schemes in the processes of ABL, cloud physics, and precipitation systems over a dry and high altitude region will be our final goals.   In order to achieve the purposes, we established ABL observation system at the "Changwu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)" located at southern part of Loess Plateau, in the middle of May 2004.   2. Installed Devises   The ABL observation system consists of;  1) Wind Profiler Radar (WPR)  2) Flux and Radiation Observation System (FROS).   Next Japanese fiscal year (after April 2005), we will install;  3) Microwave Radiometer (MR).  3             Fig. 1 The 30-m high tower established on the field of "Changwu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station”.                    Fig. 2 A set of ultra-sonic anemometer-thermometer and infrared H2O/CO2 gas analyzer installed on the tower.  4 The ABL measurement system was (and will be) established at the meteorological field of the "Changwu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station" on Loess Plateau located at N35°12′ , E107°40′ . The FROS measurements include the surface flux observations of momentum, sensible heat, latent heat (water vapor), and CO2. For FROS operation, we have established a 30-m high flux tower on the center of the research field (Fig.1), on which three sets of ultra-sonic anemometer-thermometers and infrared H2O/CO2 gas analyzers were installed (Fig.2). Especially, fine resolution (both in time and in spectral) radiation measurement system was included as a part of FROS (Fig.3). Those installation height/depth are shown in Table 1. The data obtained from this radiation system will be used for the improvement of local surface characteristics of optical satellite measurements.                 Fig. 3 The radiation measurement system installed on the ground surface. A set of ultra-sonic anemometer-thermometer and infrared H2O/CO2 gas analyzer are also shown.  Also included in the ABL observations are the profile measurements of three-dimensional wind speed components (using WPR; Fig.4), air temperature, and absolute humidity (using MR) in and around 10 minutes interval. The WPR data were partly obtained after the establishment (Fig.5).  5               Fig. 4 Wind profiler radar (WPR) and its observation shelter.                  Fig. 5 An example of diurnal variation in profiles of three-dimensional wind speed obtained from the WPR.   63. Schedule   The observations will be carried out continuously from 2004 to 2007 (more than three years). Descriptions described below are the finished and planned schedules for the establishment of the ABL observation system.   1) Construction of basement (finished)  November, 2003 ～ March, 2004  2) Transportation of WPR and FROS from Japan to China (finished)  February ～ April, 2004  3) Establishment of WPR and FROS (finished)  May, 2004  4) Observation  May, 2004 ～ August, 2007  5) Transportation of MR (planned)  April, 2005  6) Establishment of MR (planned)  May, 2005  7) Withdrawal of all devises (planned)  August, 2007  8) Transportations of WPR, FROS and MR from China to Japan (planned)  August ～ October 2007   4. Expected Results   As one of the product, we can obtain plenty of data sets from the ABL observation system. Flux data set will be opened for the FluxNet community in worldwide. These obtained data sets can be used for the re-evaluation of parameters on ABL turbulence, entrainment process, and cloud physics in cloud-layers, using a cloud resolving model (CRM). Improved parameterization schemes can be added to some regional climate models (RCMs) and re-evaluation of water cycle system in the Yellow River Basin can be achieved. These new parameterizations are possible to apply hopefully for the re-evaluation of water cycle system in the Yellow River Basin.      7Table 1 Installation height/depth of FROS.   0.4 m Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge Precipitation 2.50 m 2.50 m 0.5 m S↓, S↑, L↓, L↑, PAR↓, PAR↑SpectroRadiometer Direct Solar Radiation  Radiation 5, 5 cm 2, 10, 20, 40, 80 cm 2, 2, 10, 20, 40, 80 cmSoil Heat Flux Plate (x 2) Soil Temperature (x 5) Soil Moisture Sensor (TDR) (x 6) Underground 1.86 m 1.86 m 1.65 m 1.90 m 2.35 m 2.00 m Ultrasonic Anemo.-ThermometerInfrared CO2/H2O Gas Analyzer 3-Cup Anemometer HUMICAP (Vaisala) Infrared Thermometer Barometer (Air Pressure Sensor)   2-m 12.17 m 12.17 m 11.92 m 10.52 m Ultrasonic Anemo.-ThermometerInfrared CO2/H2O Gas Analyzer 3-Cup Anemometer HUMICAP (Vaisala)  10-m 31.75 m 31.75 m 31.45 m 31.57 m 30.97 m 31.23 m Ultrasonic Anemo.-ThermometerInfrared CO2/H2O Gas Analyzer 3-Cup Anemometer Wind Direction Sensor HUMICAP (Vaisala) Infrared Thermometer   30-m Height / Depth Equipment Stage 

Installation of ABL observation system on the “Changwu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station”

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Installation of ABL observation system on the “Changwu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station”

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