Nicholas Charlemagne’s Educational Heritage in the Context of Ecological Education

Abstract

Стаття присвячена дослідженню педагогічної спадщини видатного вченого-біолога, педагога й громадського діяча Миколи Шарлеманя (1887–1970). Педагогічна творчість М. Шарлеманя відповідала назрілим потребам перебудови системи освіти в Україні й була підпорядкована розв’язанню найголовніших соціально-педагогічних завдань. Науково-педагогічний доробок ученого є цінним джерелом ідей, думок щодо екологічної освіти й виховання. Учений обстоював думку бережливого ставлення до природи, був прихильником активних методів навчання. Зробив вагомий внесок в організацію та розвиток біологічної науки в Україні. Аналіз праць ученого дає підстави стверджувати, що погляди М. Шарлеманя на навчання та виховання не втратили своєї актуальності й нині.The article is devoted to studying of the pedagogical heritage of outstanding biologist, educator and social activist Nikolai Charlemanya (1887–1970). The career of M. Charlemanya and his work are a vivid example of a complete dedication to science. Which topics would not elect a scientist – a study of fauna, natural history, historical, educational, even literary searching – they are always dealt with Ukraine. Pedagogical creativity of N. Charlemanya meets the urgent needs of the restructuring of the education system in Ukraine. It was submitted to the decision of the main social and educational tasks. The scientific and pedagogical contribution of the scientist is a valuable source of ideas and thoughts on environmental education. The scientist defended the idea of caring attitude to nature, he was the supporter of active methods of learning. He made a significant contribution to the organization and development of biological science in Ukraine. At the beginning of XX century, when the nature of the problem was not so acutely, he tried to decide these questions, understanding their importance. M. Charlemanya devoted much attention to the problems of teaching natural science, in particular, promoted the visual methods of learning. The ideas of M. Charlemanya about the harmonization of man's relationship with nature and society stand today as the central task of the educational process and in the system of environmental disciplines, and in the synthesis of the individual sciences. M. Charlemane though that among the ways and methods of natural propaganda the main are phonological observations, the creation of school over the nature, the lectures on environmental topics, organizing excursions in nature, attraction to the circle of scientists, the creation and use of natural museums in the press. The main role the scientist aslloted the reserves, national parks, natural history museums. The proof of this is the fact that during his life M. Charlemane took an active part in the creation, organization and protection of such organizations. The teacher is the author of the first Ukrainian determinant of animals, an organizer and editor in the chief of the Zoological Journal. Analysis of the scientist works gives the reason to believe that the views of N. Charlemagne on training and education are still actual today