Introduction: Adequate nutrition during infancy is essential for lifelong health and wellbeing.
However, painful nipple trauma is problematic for mothers and may lower the prevalence
of breastfeeding. This systematic review was conducted to assess herbal prevention and
treatment of nipple trauma and/or pain in Iranian studies.
Methods: All the Iranian indexed publications in English and in Persian were searched with
the key words of “nipple trauma” and “nipple pain” from inception to 26 December 2017 on
indexing sites of PubMed, Proquest, Scopus, Science Direct, Medline, SID, IranMedex, Magiran,
and Google Scholar. The results were reported qualitatively. Eleven randomized clinical trials
(RCTs) with total sample size of 1218 were included in this systematic review. Different
herbal remedies were used in included articles. The articles were investigated through Jadad
scale. Studies that scored 3 or more on Jadad scale were selected. The results were reported
qualitatively. Only RCTs were considered.
Results: Pistacia atlantica (Saqez), Ziziphus jujuba, curcumin, menthol, Aloe vera, Calendit – E
(Calendula officinalis and Echinacea angustifolia) were the most effective treatments of nipple
trauma and/or pain. In one study, peppermint water was more effective than breast milk in
preventing nipple cracks and in another study nipple crack was less in women using peppermint
compared with those who used lanolin ointment or placebo.
Conclusion: As each study used a special medicinal plant in this review, judgement about the
definitive efficacy of these remedies needs further precise studie
