La Histiocitosis es una enfermedad que se caracteriza por una acumulaci\uf3n descontrolada de histiocitos que tienden a causar da\uf1o a los tejidos; sin embargo, es poco lo que se conoce sobre los factores de riesgos. Es as\ued, como se realiz\uf3 un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con el objetivo de determinar los factores de riesgo de Histiocitosis en los pacientes que acudieron a la Consulta de Hematooncolog\ueda del Servicio Desconcentrado Hospital Pedi\ue1trico Dr. Agust\uedn Zubillaga, durante el lapso enero 2012-enero 2016. Para ello, se obtuvo una serie de 10 pacientes los cuales se caracterizaron por unpromedio de edad de 2,46\ub12,81 a\uf1os, con predomino del sexo masculino (80%) y procedentes del \ue1rea rural (70%). Por otra parte, se identificaron como antecedentes perinatales embarazos a t\ue9rminos (100%), fetos \ufanicos (100%) y Apgar al minuto mayor de 8 puntos (100%). Igualmente, 80% contaban con peso al nacer entre 2501-3999 grs y 60% ten\uedan una talla al nacer entre 49-52 cm. Como antecedentes personales patol\uf3gicos se describen 30% neumon\ueda y 10% otitis, ictericia neonatal, dermatitis seborreica, s\uedndrome febril prolongado, respectivamente. Por \ufaltimo, se mencionan los antecedentes familiares donde 20% registraron enfermedades hematooncol\uf3gicas (c\ue1ncer de mama y pr\uf3stata); la edad materna promedio fue de 24,3\ub16,44 a\uf1os, 60% eran primera y segunda gestas, 100% con embarazo controlado y 10% informaron de infecci\uf3n del tracto urinario y vaginosis como complicaci\uf3n durante el embarazo. Se concluye, que se requieren m\ue1s estudios para identificar otros factores de riesgo y ratificar los estudiados; de manera de incrementar los conocimientos acerca de esta patolog\ueda.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Histiocitosis, edad pedi\ue1trica,factores de riesgo.
ABSTRACT
Histiocytosis is a disease which is characterized by an uncontrolled accumulation of histiocytes which tend to cause tissue damage; nevertheless, little is known about risk factors. It's like tha, as a descriptive retrospective study with the objective of determining the risk factors of Histiocytosis in the patients that attended the Consultation of Hematooncology of the Service Decentralized Pediatric Hospital Dr. Agust\uednZubillaga, during the period January 2012-January 2016.for that, a series of 10 patients were obtained, which were characterized by an average age of 2.46 \ub1 2.81 years, with predominance of the masculine sex (80%) and from the rural area (70%). On the other hand, were identified as perinatal history pregnancies to terms (100%), single fetuses (100%) and Apgar to the minute greater than 8 points (100%). Equally, 80% had birth weight between 2501-3999 grs and 60% had a birth size between 49-52 cm. As pathological personal antecedents are described 30% pneumonia and 10% otitis, neonatal jaundice, seborrheic dermatitis, prolonged febrile syndrome, respectively. Finally, the family history is mentioned where 20% had hematologic diseases (breast and prostate cancer); the mean maternal age was 24.3 \ub1 6.44 years, 60% were first and second pregnancies, 100% with controlled pregnancy and 10% reported urinary tract infection and vaginosis as a complication during pregnancy. It is concluded that more studies are needed to identify other risk factors and ratify those studied; In order to increase the knowledge about this pathology.
KEYWORDS: Histiocytosis, pediatric age, risk factors. <br
