From fluid and structure dynamical behaviors to vascular pathologies

Abstract

International audienceIntroduction: The aim of my work is to develop biomechanical models to broaden the current knowledge of fluid and structure dynamics which are associated with the function and dysfunction of some vascular systems. This research enables to identify the potential correlations between fluid and structure behaviors and dysfunctions to bring insights on some pathologies. Over the last ten years three complementary approaches have been considered at the macroscopic level: the fluid, the structure and the tissue, allowing to describe their couplings. The works carried out at this scale have highlighted the necessity of assessing the microscopic scale to better understand some mechanisms involved in the genesis and development of pathologies. Numerous works on fluid dynamics have not only been achieved in pathological geometrical models such as arterial or valvular stenoses, arterial grafts, abdominal aortic aneurysms, aortic dissections but also in stents, endovascular and mechanical valvular prostheses. Besides, studies at the microscopic scale related to the behavior of red blood cell concentrated suspensions under flow as well as those linked with the influence of mechanical solicitations on the cellular response that acts on tissue remodeling have also been conducted. Others works on the mechanical behavior of the aortic wall have been carried out at different scales. They investigated the arterial wall microstructure at the fibers level to better understand the mechanisms that drive the macroscopic mechanical response and also to design biomimetic analog materials