Cortina Pallás, José Luís

Gholami, Sina

López Rodríguez, Julio

Rezvai, A.R.

Vatanpour, Vahid

UPCommons

Improving the performance of polyamide Nano-filtration membrane in acidic media by incorporation of modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Cortina Pallás, José Luis

UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC

Improving the performance of polyamide Nano-filtration membrane in acidic media by incorporation of modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes  Sina Gholami1, 2, Julio Lopez1,Vahid Vatanpour3, A.R.Rezvai2, Jose Luis Cortina1, *1 Chemical Engineering Department, UPC-Barcelona TECH; Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale   Science and Engineering, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, 08930 Barcelona, Spain 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P.O.Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran 3  Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911 Tehran, Iran  Keywords: Nano filtration; acid degradation; polyamide membrane oxidation; acid resistant Membranes Short Introduction Thin Film Composite (TFC) NF membranes are prepared by interfacial polymerization (IP) between amine and acyl chemical groups. The biofouling is significant drawback for the NF membranes that could be decreased with variety of acidification process. After a while, active PA layer will not be stable in high acidic media, which lead to lower performance of membranes [Tang (2012) Nyströma (2004)]. This efficiency reduction can appear in experimental results. For making the acidic resistance membrane, the nano-particle embedding in PA-layer is economical and effective [Hoek (2011)]. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been employed due to their well water transport and functionality properties. In this study new nanocomposite membranes that were prepared of polysulfone/TFN-PA by incorporating of aromatic amine functionalized-MWCNT (AAF-MWCNTs). The effect of AAF-MWCNTs on the salinity removal efficiency and the acid resistance of NF membranes is presented.                                                                                                                        Material and Methods  All of the reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. First, the raw MWCNTs by clear and similar method were functionalized, then the AAF-MWCNTs were embedded in PA-layer during the Interfacial Polymerization, as described elsewhere [Vatanpour (2017),  Blotny (2002)]. To evaluate the acid-resistance of membrane, those were aged in hydrochloric acid solutions. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been applied to confirm influence on acidic-resistance improvement of the modified NF-membrane. Results and Discussion  XPS results showed the presence of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen in the bare and AAF-NF membrane. More Oxygen and Nitrogen elements in AAF-Membrane has been confirmed the AAF-MWCNTs existence into thin film layer. Table 1 summarizes the elemental composition and the percentage of the synthesized membranes. The aged membrane showed the presence of new peaks at about 291 eV associated to π- π bonds. For the N atoms, two peaks at about 399.4-399.7 and 400.18 1331- 401.3 eV have been assigned. After acid aging decreased and increased respectively indicating the increase   of the percentage of NH3+ groups. Also for Oxygen two peaks at about 530.8 and 532.6 eV appeared which decreased down and increased respectively as a consequence of the increase of the carboxylic acid groups. The reduction and increase of the mentioned oxygen peaks decreased to a lesser extent in modified membranes which is a reason to achieve the acid-resistance membrane.  Table 1. Binding energies and relatively amount of elements for bare and modified membranes before and after acidification, pH: 1.5, HCl, shaking for 24 h, ambient situation, rinsed with desalinated water, 24 h for drying at room temperature.    Conclusions Acid-resistance NF membranes were successfully prepared by the embedding of AAF-MWCNTs into the PA-layer of NF membrane. Influence of AAF-MWCNTs in NF membranes has been confirmed by results of aging tests and XPS analyses. Acknowledgments This research was supported by the Waste2Product project (CTM2014-57302-R) and by R2MIT project (CTM2017-85346-R) financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Catalan Government (ref. 2017-SGR-312).  References Grzegorz Blotny., A new, mild preparation of sulfonyl chlorides, Tetrahedron Letters 44 (2003) 1499–1501.  Javad Farahbakhsh., Mohammad Delnavaz, Vahid Vatanpour, Investigation of raw and oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes in fabrication of reverse osmosis polyamide membranes for improvement in desalination and antifouling properties, Desalination 410 (2017) 1–9. MaryTheresa M. Pendergasta, Eric M.V. Hoek., A review of water treatment membrane nanotechnologies, J. Energy Environ. Sci., 2011, 4, 1946–1971.  Samantha Platt., Marianne Nyströma, Aldo Bottino, Gustavo Capannelli, Stability of NF membranes under extreme acidic conditions, Journal of Membrane Science 239 (2004) 91–103. Van Thanh Do., Chuyang Y. Tang, Martin Reinhard, and James O. Leckie, Degradation of Polyamide Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes, J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46, 852−859. 1332

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Improving the performance of polyamide Nano-filtration membrane in acidic media by incorporation of modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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