Mosley, A. R.

White, J. M.

KnowledgeBank at OSU

J.,/HORTICULTURE SERIES NO. 406~..._IID,OCT 15 /74USUilMARCH 19741973 SWEET CORN CULTIVAR TRIALSGREEN SPRINGS CROPS RESEARCH UNITDepartment of HorticultureOHIO AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTERWooster, OhioThis page intentionally blank.1973 SWEET CORN CULTIVAR TRIALSGREEN SPRINGSA. R. Mosley and J. M. WhiteDepartment of HorticultureOhio Agricultural Research and Development CenterTwenty-eight sweet corn varieties were evaluated in replicated trials on sandat the GARDe Green Springs Crops Research Unit in 1973. In addition, some 46 num-bered breeding selections and cultivars representing a broad range in adaptabilitywere tested in non-replicated observational plots.Seeds were planted, four kernels per hill, in hills 18 inches apart on May IS.Plots were single rows 3 feet wide and 32 feet long. Prior to planting, fertilizerhad been broadcast and incorporated at the rate of 500 lb. per acre of 5-20-20; atplanting, 100 lb. of additional 5-20-20 was banded beside and below seeds. Plantswere thinned to two per hill on June 14. Plots were sidedressed with 75 lb. peracre of nitrogen at the 12-inch stage.Weeds were controlled by an application of Ramrod, 2 days after planting atrecommended dosage, and cultivation. Thiodan, Sevin, and Gardona were alternatedweekly for insect control. Satisfactory blight control was achieved by the use ofManeb as recommended. Other cultural and pest control measures used were thosecommon to the area. Plots were not irrigated and the crop may have suffered slight-ly from drought late in the season, as evidenced by poor tip development in severalcultivars and experimental selections.Plots were first harvested on July 24 and twice weekly thereafter until August16, at which time all entries had been harvested at least once. Most replicatedvarieties were harvested once when the majority of ears were of approximate commer-cial maturity and stripped of remaining ears a week later. Ears were counted andweighed with husks on. Ten representative ears per plot were then husked and mea-sured for length and diameter and rated for uniformity of appearance.Seed SourcesSeed was obtained from the following sources:A-I Agway, Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. 14240A-2 Asgrow Seed Co., Orange, Conn. 06477B W. Atlee Burpee Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 19132H Joseph Harris Co., Rochester, N. Y. 14624L Letherman's Inc., Canton, Ohio 44702N-l Northrup-King &Co., Minneapolis, Minn. 55413N-2 Niagara, FMC Corp., Modesto, Calif. 95618o TIle Ohio Seed Co., West Jefferson, Ohio 43162R-l Robson Quality Seeds, Inc., Hall, N. Y. 14463R-2 Rogers Bros, Inc., Idaho Falls, Idaho 83401T Otis S. Twilley Seed Co., Salisbury, Md. 21801V Vesey's Seeds Ltd., York, Prince Edward Island, Canada-1-This page intentionally blank.ResultsPolarvee was ready for harvest 74 days after planting--several days before anyother variety (Table 1). However, this cultivar produced the lowest yields of all28 tested, 1.18 tons per acre of marketable corn. Excessive animal damage and smutaccounted in large part for this low yield since only 36 percent of the Polarveeears were marketable. Ear uniformity was also very low due to variable shape, size,and tip fill.Morning Sun led in yield among the 70-day cultivars, with 7.19 tons per acre ofmarketable corn. Ears of Morning Sun tended to be large, uniform, and generally at-tractive. Sundance was also a promising 70-day variety, with 6.89 tons of marketableears. Seneca Star, a relatively new variety which performed well in 1973, maturedin 76 days and yielded 6.74 tons of marketable ears which were characterized by anattractive yellow color and large, flattened kernels. Earliking (70 days) alsoshowed considerable promise in 1973. Poor tip fill was characteristic of most vari-eties in 1973, possibly due to dry weather at the time of ear development.Among the 80-90 day varieties, yields ranged from 6.26 tons of marketable earsfor Yukon to 10.83 tons for Gold Crown. Other high-yielding varieties were Bonanza(10.58 tons), Golden Shipper (10.0 tons), and Midway (9.56 tons). Merit, NorthernBelle L, Gold Cup, Gold Winner, Golden Queen, and Silver Queen also performed wellin 1973. Silver Sensation produced acceptable yields but quality was lacking.Several of the earlier-maturing varieties, including Polarvee and Royal Crest,were infected with smut to a considerable degree. Corn blight was evident on somecultivars late in the growing season but arrived too late to cause noticeable effectson yields. Populations of aphids and sap beetles were higher than desirable late inthe season.Observat.ional Selections.--Several observational selections produced high yieldsof good quality ears (Table 2). However, overall merit of the various entries isdifficult to determine since plots were not replicated. Further testing is desirablefor several promising selections, including Spring White, Earliking, Sprite, NK-l99,W-1042, NCX-2004, Tender Sweet, Moonglow, XP-362, and others.-2-This page intentionally blank.Table 1.-- Average Yield, Ear Size and General Characteristics of Replicated Sweet Corn Varieties,Green Springs Sweet Corn Trials, 1973Days to Harvest Avg. Ear Size Ear (3)Variety (1) Source First Duration t-lkt. Yield/A (2)Tip Wt. Lgth Dia Lgth/ Uni- ConunentsHarvest Days Tons Doz 96 Cover Ibs. in in Dia formityPolarvee V 64 12 1.80 540 36.0 3 .34 4.9 1.4 3.46 1 Smut Susc. Racoonstvlorning Sun N-2 70 9 7.19 1704 88.3 3 .69 7.7 1.6 4.60 3 Attractive Color, Poor TipFillSundance H 70 9 6.89 2022 90.6 3 .57 7.1 1.6 4.42 3 Very att. Some poor tip fillEarliking H 70 6 6.15 1716 84.6 3 .62 7.0 1.6 4.25 2 Racoon damageSeneca 60-11 R-l 70 6 5.44 1671 65.6 NA .50 7.0 1.6 4.42 2 Racoons. Poor tip fill.Spring Gold H 70 9 5.38 2002 83.2 3 .45 6.6 1.6 4.04 2.5 Attractive yellow. SpiralrowsRoyal Crest H 70 9 4.59 1540 81.3 3 .49 6.6 1.6 4.09 2 Poor tip fill. SmutSeneca Star R-l 76 3 6.74 1644 77.7 3 .68 7.6 1.6 4.61 2.2 Attractive yellow. Largeflat kernelsBravo A-2 76 3 5.58 1414 69.8 3 .65 7.7 1.7 4.38 2.5 AttractiveMerit A-2 82 4 8.93 1839 84 .. 4 NA .82 8.4 1.8 4.57 2.2 Attractive large, thickearsGoldenrod N-l 82 10 8.75 1911 81.8 2.5 .76 9.1 1.6 5.58 3 Long, thin. ImmatureNorthern Belle L H 82 4 8.26 1839 87.9 NA .75 7.1 1.7 3.98 2 Att. short, thick, BluntearsGoldie N-2 82 4 7.83 1880 77.4 NA .69 8.3 1.7 4.85 2.5 Att. rich yellow. Poortip dev ..110p Style T 82 10 7.64 1562 74.1 3 .80 8.5 1 .. 8 4.70 3 Very nice .. Good tip fillSeneca Scout R-l 82 9 7 .. 11 1851 80.1 3 .63 7.4 1.6 4.55 2.5 Att pale yellow. SmallkernelsTriumphant II N-l 82 9 6.40 1338 65.0 3 .78 8.3 1.8 4.56 1.5 Pale yellow. Poor tipear fillYukon N-2 82 4 6.26 1555 79 .. 3 NA .67 8.8 1.7 5.15 1 Long, thin. Poor tipdevelopmentGold Crown H 86 9 10.83 2316 82.4 3 .77 8.7 1.7 5.00 2 Attractive long, yellow.immatureBonanza T 86 6 10.58 2195 90.0 3 .82 8.9 1.8 4.81 2.5 Large, pale, immatureVictory Golden A-2 86 6 8.59 1814 78.7 3 .79 7.8 1.7 4.37 2 AttractiveGold Cup H 86 4 7.99 2091 84.8 NA . 63 7.5 1.7 4.41 2.5 Att . short, plump earsThis page intentionally blank.Table 1.-- Average Yield, Ear Size and General Characteristics of Replicated Sweet Corn Varieties, (cant. )Green Springs Sweet Corn Trials, 1973Days to Harvest Avg. Ear Size Ear (3 )Variety (1) Source First Duration r.1kt. Yie1d/A (2)Tip wt. Lgth Dia Lgth/ Uni- ConunentsHarvest Days Tons Doz % Cover 1bs. in in Dia formityGold Winner H 86 4 7.49 1519 77.1 NA .98 7.8 1.7 4.53 2.2 Very Att. Good Tip dev.shape.Golden Shipper N-1 89 3 10.00 2115 88.6 NA .78 8.4 1.7 4.95 1 Long, thin. Good fillMidway A-2 89 3 9.56 1982 85.6 NA .79 7.9 1.8 4.36 2.5 Nice; YellowSilver Sensation L 89 3 8.70 1835 71.8 NA .80 5.9 1.3 3.40 2 No promise in 1973, whiteGolden Queen L 89 3 8.47 1465 77.8 NA .70 8.0 1.7 4.61 2.5 Good yellow varietyHoneycross B 89 3 8.46 1793 82.6 NA .. 78 7.8 1.8 4.23 1 Variable shape, sizeSilver Queen R-2 89 3 8.25 1919 79.7 NA .71 7.9 1.7 4.64 2.2 Very good white.(1) Cu1tivars ranked by days to first harvest and yield/acre in tons(2) A tip cover rating of 1 indicates exposed tips, 3 indicates at least 1.0 inch cover(3) General appearance of ears: 1 = Poor; 3 = ExcellentThis page intentionally blank.Table 2.-- yield, Ear Size, Earliness, and General Characteristics of Unrep1icatedObservational Entries, Green Springs Sweet Corn Trials, 1973Days to Ear (1)Entry Source First l'-lKT. Yie1d/A Ear Size, in. Uni- Height, inHarvest Tons Doz % Lgth. Dia. Lgth./Dia.formity Plant EarsSpring White H 70 7.06 1397 78 7.1 1.7 4.18 2.5 NA NA White, verypromisingSugar & Gold R-1 70 2.60 946 73 7.0 1.5 4.67 1.5 50 10 Bico1orEar1iking N-1 70 6.15 1716 85 7.0 1.7 4.12 2.5 60 11 SmutYukon N-2 76 7.68 2208 84 9.0 1.5 6.00 3.0 74 20y W - 311 H 76 7.95 1667 82 7.3 1.8 4.06 2.0 68 11 Some poor fillSprite H 76 6.22 1758 85 7.0 1.7 4.12 3.0 69 14 Bicolored. Goodtip fill.Morning Sun N-1 76 8.00 1848 90 8.0 1.8 4.44 3.0 72 16Buttercorn A-I 76 5.57 1667 79 6.9 1.7 4.06 3.0+ 72 16 Bicolored? VeryattractiveGolden Ear1ipak 0-1 76 5.86 1442 88 8.2 1.5 5.47 3.0 71 12N K - 199 N-1 76 7.63 1713 91 8.0 1.7 4.71 3.0+ 76 15 Good yellowvarietySeneca X P 192 R-1 76 1.08 361 28 5.5 1.5 3.67 1.0 60 10 90% insect,animal damageEXP. X P 1329 A-2 76 5.44 1487 99 7.3 1.5 4.87 NA 80 20EXP. E B 1672 H 83 3.08 676 55 7.5 1.7 4.41 2.0 76 17 Smut, attractiveLow yieldEXP. W H 1312 H 83 4.89 1307 83 6.9 1.7 4.06 1.5 76 17EXP. X 281 H 83 8.22 1758 96 7.5 1.7 4.41 1.0 82 22 Large kernels.Thick earsEXP. W 462 H 83 7.90 1803 95 7.0 1.7 4.12 2.0 76 22 Large kernels.Thick earsEXP. W 742 H 83 7.73 2073 92 7.5 1.8 4.17 3.0 86 24 AttractiveEXP. W 1042 H 83 8.30 1938 90 7.9 1.7 4.65 3.0 86 28 PromisingEXP. W 1102 H 83 5.54 1307 88 7.6 1.7 4.47 2.5 98 25EXP. W H 1302 H 83 3.00 721 80 7.8 1.7 4.59 2.5 76 12 WhiteEXP. N C X 243 N-2 83 6.71 1442 87 8.9 1.9 4.68 NA 105 33EXP. N C X 2004 N-2 83 7.65 1758 90 8.4 1.8 4.67 2.5 90 34 Attractive largeears ..EXP. X P 1335 A-2 83 5.65 1487 92 7.5 1.7 4.41 1.5 78 28 Green ear tipsThis page intentionally blank.Table 2.-- Yield, Ear Size, Earliness, and General Characteristics of Unreplicated (cant. )Observational Entries, Green Springs Sweet Corn Trials, 1973Days to EarEntry Source first l\1KT. Yield/A Ear Size, in. Uni. Height, in.Harvest Tons Doz. % Lgth. Dia. Lgth./Dia. formity Plant EarsGoldie A-I 83 5.00 1127 70 8.1 1.9 4.26 3 NA NAGold Cup H 83 7.30 2028 92 7.4 1.6 4.63 2.5 NA NA GoodEXP. D 292 H 90 8.79 2118 86 7.8 1.7 4.59 2.0 80 16 Tips protrudeTender Sweet A-2 90 9.44 1983 91 8.7 1.6 5.44 3.0 88 26 Very promisingSeneca Chief R-l 90 8.49 2118 92 7.1 1.6 4.44 3.0 78 20 GoodEXP. W 1222 H 90 5.84 1217 96 8.0 1.7 4.71 2.0 84 29 Good tip fillEXP. W 1732 H 90 7.41 1127 93 7.7 1.8 4.28 1.9 104 36Commander A-2 90 8.33 1622 94 8.3 1.9 4.37 3.0 98 36 Very large earsSweet Sue H 90 6.22 1622 99 7.7 1.7 4.53 1.0 96 33 Bicolored,Poor tip fillGlacier H 90 6.71 1487 94 7.9 1.8 4.39 NA 96 38 WhiteMoonglow H 90 8.25 1667 98 7.8 1.7 4.59 2.0 86 36 White, largekernelsSilver Queen H 90 8.54 1893 88 8.2 1.8 4.56 3.0+ 96 37 Some bico1or.GoodEXP. W H 1282 H 90 7.71 1307- 97 8.5 1.7 5.00 3.0 94 30EXP. W H 1460 H 90 5.19 1172 93 8.1 1.7 4.76 1.5 88 34EXP. W 2622 H 90 9.36 2389 90 7.9 1.8 4.39 2.0 96 33 WhiteEXP. W 2632 H 90 7.46 1622 93 8.0 1.7 4.71 NA 96 31EXP. X W 452 H 90 10.55 1803 94 9.3 1.9 4.89 1.5 105 36Seneca X P 185 A R-l 90 9.55 1938 99 8.4 1.8 4.67 NA 86 35 Bright yellow.Good fillE.XP. 668 N-l 90 8.65 1667 96 8.3 1.9 4.37 3.0 86 26EXP 1791 N-1 90 9.55 1758 99 8.1 2.0 4.05 2.0 90 26EXP. XP 362 A-2 90 6.84 1397 97 7.7 1.9 4.05 3.0 86 30 Promising.Good tip fillEXP. X P 1330 A-2 90 7.11 1442 99 8.0 1.9 4.21 3.0 82 29White Jewel T 92 3.76 946 75 7.2 1.8 4.00 2.5 82 23 White, TipprotrudeEXP. W H 1332 H 93 1.54 315 53 NA NA NA NA 72 13-(1 ) General appearance of ears: 1 = poor; 3 = excellent.This page intentionally blank.This page intentionally blank.This page intentionally blank.

1973 Sweet Corn Cultivar Trials, Green Springs Crops Research Unit

https://kb.osu.edu/bitstream/1811/56158/1/OARDC_HCS_0406.pdf

1973 Sweet Corn Cultivar Trials, Green Springs Crops Research Unit

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

KnowledgeBank at OSU