Author Institution: National Security Technologies, LLCSlides presented at the Heterodyne Velocimeter Workshop held at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, July 20-21, 2006

DeVore, Douglas O.

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Vision – Service - Partnership1Bechtel Nevada Los Alamos OperationsFiber Optic Probe WorkshopTuesday, March 28, 2006Vision – Service - Partnership2Acknowledgements   NSTec LAO    NSTec STL LANLDouglas DeVore       Bruce Marshall                David HoltkampAdam Iverson       Gerald Stevens               Leonard TabakaBart Briggs             Dale Turley    Patrick RodriguezBrent Frogget       Mike Grover    David Clark, Sr.Vincent Romero    Terry SalyerDavid Esquibel    NSTec Las Vegas    Mike ShinasRichard Thompson       Scott MeyersDon Rosenberry       Mandy Hutchins»       Barbara BegleyVision – Service - Partnership3IntroductionThis workshop covered the following topics:• Existing probe designs• Existing testing methodologies and data collection• The desire to achieve universal standards forTarget materialTarget shapePointing accuracy• Future probesDesigns and capabilitiesTesting requirements• Connector issues and requirementsStandardized connectorsVision – Service - Partnership4Existing ProbesVision – Service - Partnership5Existing Probes: Overview (Frogget, NSTec LAO)• 3/8-inch Diameter VISAR Probe (“Frogget” Probe)– Other Diameters 1/4-inch, 5/8-inch, 7/8-inch• 7/8-inch Combination Pyrometry/VISAR Probe• New 5/8-inch Diameter VISAR Probe• Long GRIN lens multipoint Unicorn Probe• “Cata” Probe (collimators - six around one)– Mini Cata Probe (two collimators)• “Winkler” Probe (fibers - six around one)• Other Probes– OZ Optics Collimators, Bare Fiber, Line-Imaging VISARsVision – Service - Partnership6Existing Probes, samplesNSG GRIN collimatorw/50µm core fiberArray pattern of Unicorn ProbeVISAR fibers (36)PDV fibers (6)3/8-inch diameter VISAR ProbeCombinationPyrometry/VISARProbeVision – Service - Partnership7Existing Probes: Cata 6-around-1Vision – Service - Partnership8Existing Probes: Vacuum seal tube assemblyVision – Service - Partnership9Existing Probes: OZ and Lightpath (Holtkamp)Vision – Service - Partnership10Existing Probes: Lightpath collimatorVision – Service - Partnership11Existing Probes: Probes on Kerenei and Krakatau(Holtkamp)Vision – Service - Partnership12Existing Probes: Thorlabs VISAR (Stevens, NSTec STL)SMF28 & 100/110/125 IN 255 MICRON HOLE (#85-86)$125 Thorlabs CollimatorFiber PaircontinuedVision – Service - Partnership13Existing Probes: Fisheye VISAR or PDV Probes(Marshall, NSTec STL)• MTP 12-fiber connector (62.5 µm core)projected thru 190° fisheye lensVision – Service - Partnership14Existing TestingVision – Service - Partnership15Existing Testing: VISAR Probe Test BenchVision – Service - Partnership16Existing Testing: Overview• Compatibility with VISAR is crucial: combined PDV/VISAR probeswill continue to be used• Lambertian source evaluation of probesMeasure the efficiencyExperiment with the quality of the target surfaces:Bead-blasted aluminumMirroredReverse side of aluminum foilCharacterize for angular dependence and distance• Objective: to be able to repeat probe testing and get the sameresults—repeatabilityOne means is to standardize the target materialVision – Service - Partnership17Existing Testing:An Automated Test Bed forVISAR Probe CharacterizationVision – Service - Partnership18Existing Testing: An Automated Test Bed (Salyer, LANL)    Compact desktop setupcontinuedVision – Service - Partnership19Existing Testing: An Automated Test BedOptics breadboard schematiccontinuedVision – Service - Partnership20Existing Testing: Automated Test BedcontinuedSample Probe Characterization:Axial Response and Target Angle Sensitivity• Response halved at roughly 5° target tilt.Sample Probe:        Valyn 30 mm target focus     (#FOP-1000)Vision – Service - Partnership21Existing Testing: Automated Test BedSample Probe Characterization:Illumination Beam Characteristics• Expanding spot size with increasing target distance.Target 15 mm from end of probe.Target 30 mm from end of probe.(Probe design target distance.)Target 45 mm from end of probe.Vision – Service - Partnership22Data Collection and RetrievalVision – Service - Partnership23Data Collection and Retrieval (Briggs, NSTec LAO)Optical Probe Characterization System (OPCS)Database automated for consistency and accuracyMeasurement configurations as well as the data collected arepackaged in XML transactions by the Web-enabled LabVIEWapplication.  The transactions are transmitted to the Instrumentation Web-Service and stored in the Instrumentationdatabase. Setup information from previous configurations canbe retrieved from the Web service and used to configure successive measurements.Instrumentation Web-Service (IWS)This Web service responds to XML Instrumentation transactions andis responsible for acknowledging, validating, storing and retrievingtransaction data from the Instrumentation database. Could this be linked with other databases for cross-comparison ofprobes at different locations?Vision – Service - Partnership24Data Collection and Retrieval, continuedOptical ProbeCharacterizationHardwareInstrumentationData Repository(IDR)Analysis SystemsOptical Probe CharacterizationOptical Probe CharacterizationControl SystemInstrumentationWeb ServiceVision – Service - Partnership25Data Collection and Retrieval, continuedOPCS main user interface screen• DESCRIPTION– The “scan” tabcontrols the flowof mostfunctionsthroughout theprogram.– All probeinformation isacquired fromthis tab or calledfrom this tab.Vision – Service - Partnership26Data Collection and Retrieval, continuedOPCS Scan Response tab• DESCRIPTION– This tab displaysthe last threeresponses thatwere acquired, forcomparing differentprobes or thesame probe.• GREEN RESPONSE– Averages=0– Averaging delay=0– Measurement delay=0• BLUE RESPONSE– Averages=2– Averaging delay=100ms– Measurement delay=1sec• RED RESPONSE– Averages=4– Averaging delay=200ms– Measurement delay=2secVision – Service - Partnership27Developing Universal StandardsVision – Service - Partnership28Developing Universal Standards (Rosenberry)• Work together to get the same repeatable results• Probe specifications• Production specifications• Testing standards, including standardized targetsBead-blasted aluminum is fairly uniform over time—could thisbe the standard target?Or could there be several standard surfaces: mirror, diffuseside of aluminum foil, bead-blasted aluminum, etc.Need to characterize the angular dependence and distanceSurface flat or curved?• Goal: Standardization across the boardVision – Service - Partnership29Future ProbesVision – Service - Partnership30Future Probes: Probe configuration and capabilities(Iverson, NSTec LAO)Probes are getting more precise and smaller, leading to difficulties inproduction and in testing.• Improve upon existing probe designs– Increased efficiency– Smaller footprint– Longer tracking distances– Improved optical design– Improved mechanical design– Improved fabrication– Improved metrology  Efficiency vs. DistanceVISAR PDV ID# A25 OCT 040.0000000.0000200.0000400.0000600.0000800.0001000.0001200.0001400.0001600.0001800.0002000.0002200.0002400.0002600.0002800.0003000.0003200.0003400.0003600.0003800.0004000.0004200.0004400.0004600.0004800.0005000 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75Distance to Bead Blasted Aluminum Plate 6061 (mm) Efficiency      (Po/Pi)Vision – Service - Partnership31Future Probes: Developing new probe concepts– Probe geometryLinear geometries– Krakatau (24x along a line)– Unicorn (36x along 2 parallel lines)Spherical geometries– PDV/VISAR Pin DomecontinuedVision – Service - Partnership32Developing new probe concepts, continued– Hybrid probes (Past & Present)Armando Single-Point VISAR– Pyrometry added to optical system10 00 µm Low OHPYRO ReceiveFiber56  mm300 µmVISAR ReceiveFiber50/125 µmVISAR IlluminateFiber40 m mFoca l Len gthLens58 mm_  PitchGRIN  LensPro be Housing60 m mFoca l Leng thLens16.06°Angle PolishcontinuedVision – Service - Partnership33Developing new probe concepts, continued– Hybrid probes (Past & Present)Krakatau Multi-Point VISAR & Unicorn Single-Point VISAR– Replaced VISAR illuminator(s) with PDV probePDVPDVcontinuedVision – Service - Partnership34Developing new probe concepts, continued– Hybrid probes (Past & Present)Unicorn Multi-Point VISAR– Added PDV probes to optical systemcontinuedVision – Service - Partnership35Developing new probe concepts, continued– Hybrid probes (Future)High interest in adding PDV– Single-Point VISAR + PDVLightPath collimatorw/single mode fiberLightPath collimatorw/50 µm core fiberCollection fiber(300 µm core)Side ViewEnd ViewcontinuedVision – Service - Partnership36Future Probes, continuedVision – Service - Partnership37Future Probes, continuedUltra-miniature ProbesVision – Service - Partnership38Future Probes: Probe testing (Romero, NSTec LAO)• Really small spot sizes (5-10 microns): precision becomes vitalReally fast, with narrow depth of fieldSub-nanosecond resolutionDifferent wavelengths• Pointing accuracy Need velocity requirement of 1% accuracyLow-coherence lightTest in situQuadrant detector for defining rays of certain configurationsTesting at these tiny sizes: temperatures, angles, humidity will all affectmeasurementsVision – Service - Partnership39Vision – Service - Partnership40ConnectorsVision – Service - Partnership41Connectors (DeVore, NSTec LAO)• Need standardized connectors• FC/APC connectors up to 5-6 dB (Connector problem)Tolerance issue and radius issue• Probes in different conditions (vacuum, pressure, high temperature, radiation) need fiber protection• Standard AC, but proprietary “recipes” prevent uniformity, so need a universal standard• May have found a connector to be the standard: the Diamond E-2000Actively aligns core to centerFuse it to your fittingField-ready, pre-polished—good for field where you don’t have equipmentStill need back reflector, interferometer ($75,000)• Need one brand name for connector, one for feed-throughs—standardize!• Need a source for high-powered connectorsWe make our own—could we outsource?Vision – Service - Partnership42Connectors: FerrulesVision – Service - Partnership43Connectors: EndfacesFollow-up report:Study for the FC/ APC (Angled Physical Contact) connector only.Available from Douglas DeVore      devoredo@nv.doe.govVision – Service - Partnership44Connectors: Optical inspection systemVision – Service - Partnership45Connectors: Crocodile AlberinoVision – Service - Partnership46Connectors: Standardization follow-up (Marshall)A combination of solutions would allow the most flexibility:1.  Choose a set of specifications to standardize on.2.  Identify one or more sources for acceptable connectors that meet thesespecifications.3.  Give everyone who installs connectors a written procedure and list ofequipment needed to do it correctly. Also, a way to check a connector to verifythat the installation is ok.4.  Identify one or more sources for connectorized jumpers that are properly assembled. These could be welded when it is feasible to do so.Update July 17, 2006: Standard connector has been found: 3M FC/APCVision – Service - Partnership47Connectors: FIS Bulk Prices for 3M FC/APCStock to 1week$4,250.00$4.253M FC/APC Singlemode Connectorwith (green) long 3mm boot.AEXGL3(8206FCAPC)1,000Stock to 1week$2,475.00$4.953M FC/APC Singlemode Connectorwith (green) long 3mm boot.AEXGL3(8206FCAPC)500Stock to 1week$4,250.00$4.253M FC/APC Singlemode Connectorwith (green) 900um boot.AEXGBO(8206FCAPC900)1,000Stock to 1week$2,475.00$4.953M FC/APC Singlemode Connectorwith (green) 900um boot.AEXGBO(8206FCAPC900)500LEADTIMEEXTENDEDPRICEUNIT PRICEDESCRIPTIONPART NUMBERQTY.3M FC/APC 8206 field-ready connector versus3M FC/APC bulk-priced connector.Vision – Service - Partnership48Connectors: Quality issues and solutions• Bought an interferometer– Changing radius changes centering of the fiber– Interferometer will measure the radius as well as the angle of theconnector– The angle of the PDV probe can also be measured using theinterferometer• Domaille pneumatic polisher versus hand polish– Polishing proceduresDerometer of polishing padCustomized FC/APC polishing puck with specifications from 3M3M will help customize polishing procedures• Connector loss (-0.1dB)• Back reflection versus return loss reflectionVision – Service - Partnership49SummaryVision – Service - Partnership50Summary (All)• Best to use our talents for designing what we cannot buy• Committees formed to study the need for standardization ofTesting methodologyTarget material and surfaceData collection and retrieval:– Expand database to include targets of all materials usedby everyone involved– Combine or connect databases• ConnectorsUpdate July 17, 2006: Standard connector: 3M FC/APCThese committees could use your input; to volunteer, contactDouglas DeVore at devordo@nv.doe.gov or 505-663-2037

Good Probes Give Good Data

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