A trial was conducted to determine the apparent digestibility (ATTD) and AME content of different lipid sources in 21d-old broilers. There were a control diet based on corn and soybean meal without any supplemental fat and 6 additional diets forming a 3x2 factorial with 3 sources of fat (soy oil, SBO; reconstituted monoglyceride oil, RMG; and reconstituted triglyceride oil, RTG) included in the diet (3 or 6%) at expenses (wt:wt) of the basal diet

Alcaniz, J.

Frikha, M.

Gonzalez Mateos, Gonzalo

Mallo, J.J.

Perez Serrano, Martina

Servicio de Coordinación de Bibliotecas de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Poult. Sci. 90(E-Suppl. 1)
The present experiment was designed to investigate the digestion of 
fat and fatty acids along the intestinal tract of broiler chickens fed diets 
supplemented with either soybean oil or tallow. Broilers (2 weeks 
of age) were fed corn-soy based diets containing 5% soybean oil or 
tallow for 7 d and, digesta were collected from duodenum, upper jeju-
num, upper ileum and lower ileum. Apparent digestibility coefficients 
were calculated using titanium marker ratios in the diet and digesta. 
Digestibility of fat was determined to be highly negative in the duode-
num, indicating marked net secretion of fat into this segment. Fat was 
rapidly digested and absorbed in the jejunum, with digestibility coef-
ficients of 0.60 to 0.65 being determined at the end of jejunum. The 
digestion and/or absorption of fat continued in the ileum. The digest-
ibility coefficients of fat in soybean oil and tallow diets at lower ileum 
were 0.82 and 0.74, respectively. The main fatty acids secreted into the 
duodenum were palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acids, as indicated 
by their highly negative digestibility coefficients. There was some net 
secretion of oleic acid (18:1), but no secretion of linoleic acid (18:2). 
Linoleic acid was absorbed throughout the intestinal tract, while the 
digestion and absorption of palmitic, stearic and oleic acids start only 
in the jejunum. Measurements at lower ileal level showed that the 
unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and oleic acids) were well digested 
(0.90 to 0.94), irrespective of the source of fat. In contrast, it was found 
that the digestibility of saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acids) 
was influenced by the fat source. Digestibility coefficients of palmitic 
and stearic acids at lower ileum were markedly higher in the diet con-
taining soybean oil (077 to 0.85) compared with that containing tallow 
(0.58 to 0.68). This finding can be attributed to the natural emulsifying 
action of high concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids present in the 
soybean oil diet and, may highlight the potential usefulness of supple-
mental emulsifiers to improve fat digestion in diets containing tallow.
Key Words: fat, fatty acids, digestibility, broilers
578   Apparent digestibility and metabolizable energy content of 
lipid sources in poultry.  M. Frikha1, J. Alcaniz2, J. J. Mallo2, M. P. 
Serrano1, and G. G. Mateos*1,   1Departamento de Producción Animal, 
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain,  2I+D 
Norel Animal Nutrition, S.A, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
A trial was conducted to determine the apparent digestibility (ATTD) 
and AME content of different lipid sources in 21d-old broilers. There 
were a control diet based on corn and soybean meal without any sup-
plemental fat and 6 additional diets forming a 3x2 factorial with 3 
sources of fat (soy oil, SBO; reconstituted monoglyceride oil, RMG; 
and reconstituted triglyceride oil, RTG) included in the diet (3 or 6%) 
at expenses (wt:wt) of the basal diet. The RMG and RTG were obtained 
from Norel S.A. and resulted from a proprietary process that consists 
on a sterification reaction from glycerol and oleins from the soy and 
sunflower oil industry. The linoleic acid content was 56, 45, and 42% 
and the GE was 9.47, 9.08, and 9.21 Mcal/kg for the SBO, RMG, and 
RTG, respectively. Each of the 7 diets was replicated 6 times (cage 
with 10 chicks). Broilers were fed a common commercial diet from 1 
to 6 d of age and then their respective experimental diets from 6 to 21 
d of age. Excreta was collected the last 2 d on trial and the ATTD of fat 
was determined using 2% celite as acid insoluble ash. The AME was 
calculated by multiplying the GE by the ATTD of the experimental 
fats. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design. Ether 
extract digestibility was lower for the basal diet (77.6%) and highest 
for the diets that included 6% fat (ranging from 90.7 for RTG to 89.9 
for RMG; P ≤ 0.001) than for the diets that included 3% of fat. The 
AME content of the fats tested were higher (P ≤ 0.05) for the SBO than 
for the RMG with that of RTG being intermediate. The main reason 
was probably the lower GE content of these 2 reconstituted oils. It is 
concluded that the reconstituted oils are as well digested as the SBO 
but that the AME is lower. Thus, both products can used in substitution 
of SBO in diets for broilers.
Key Words: broilers, lipid sources, fat digestibility, metabolizable 
energy
579   Nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy of poul-
try oil for broiler chickens.  E. J. Kim*1 and W. A. Dozier III2,   1ARS-
USDA Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS,  2Department of 
Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL.
This research determined the nitrogen-corrected apparent metaboliz-
able energy (AMEn) of poultry oil for broilers at 2, 5, and 8 weeks 
of age. Two energy balance trials utilizing straight-run Ross × Ross 
broilers were conducted. Two experimental diets were formulated; one 
was a low energy corn-soybean meal basal diet (2,826 kcal/kg) and a 
second comprised of 94% basal diet with 6% poultry oil. Identical diets 
were fed to each age group to make comparisons across ages. Birds 
were raised in floor pens until d 10, 31, and 52 and then randomly allo-
cated into 8 battery cages per treatment with group size differing with 
age. After an adaptation period, birds were fed diets and excreta were 
quantitatively collected over a 3 d period. Gross energy of the feed and 
the excreta were analyzed and AMEn was then subsequently calculated 
by subtracting the AME of the basal diet from the AME of the experi-
mental diet with added poultry oil. To increase replicates, 2 trials were 
conducted and the effect of trial was analyzed as a statistical factor. 
The effect of trial × treatment was significant (P < 0.0001), therefore, 
trials were analyzed separately. In Trial 1, AMEn of the basal diet at 2, 
5, and 8 wk of age was determined at 3,174, 2,978, and 3,038 kcal/kg 
DM, respectively. Apparent MEn for the poultry oil with broilers at 2, 
5, and 8 wk of age was 10,730, 10,949 and 10,261 kcal/kg DM, respec-
tively. No differences were observed for age (P = 0.981) or interaction 
between treatment and age (P = 0.561). In Trial 2, AMEn of the basal 
diet at 2, 5, and 8 wk of age was determined at 3,010, 2,969, and 2,862 
kcal/kg DM. Apparent MEn for poultry oil with broilers at 2, 5, and 8 
wk of age was 10,183, 9,242, and 12,516 kcal/kg DM, respectively. 
Age effects (P < 0.0001) and interactions between age and poultry oil 
addition (P = 0.01) were apparent. Apparent MEn of poultry oil may be 
higher than previously reported and be affected by age; however, these 
results were inconsistent between trials.
Key Words: metabolizable energy, poultry oil, broilers
580   Characterization of the intestinal microbiota of chickens 
with deprived growth.  C. Eyng*1,2, AA Pedroso2, and MD Lee2, 
1Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil,  2The 
University of Georgia, Athens.
Chickens that are correctly managed, from the same poultry house and 
receiving the same diet should exhibit similar performance. However, 
this is not observed in the commercial houses. It has been proposed that 
the acquisition of nutrients is influenced by the intestinal microbiota. 
Here we hypothesize that the intestinal microbiota is different between 
chickens exhibiting good and poor performance. Cecal samples were 
collected from 15 d old chickens with average live weight of 454 and 
183 g, respectively. The cecal bacterial community was characterized 
using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and fluorescent activated 
cell sorting (FACS). We detected no differences in the proportion of 
bacteria belonging to the Clostridial cluster I and II (probe Chis150), 
162


Apparent digestibility and metabolizable energy content of lipid sources in poultry

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Apparent digestibility and metabolizable energy content of lipid sources in poultry

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