Background and aims: Recent advances in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology provided more facilities for human to manipulate and alter any form of life. This technology has many useful applications in medicine, pharmacology, agriculture and industry. The most Important applications of biotechnology are: improving of inherited traits (plants and animals), production of new drugs in live bioreactors, creating models and patterns for the study of human diseases and organ transplantation. Like other technologies, it has own ethical considerations and Subsequently, it has come up with different ideas. So, it can be studied from different aspects of ethics.
Methods: This study is a review project. All data that presented in this study were collected from different sources and electronic databases.
Results: Although some scientists opposite with some of biotechnology applications using scientific reasons, some are basically opposite with biotechnology in any form and application. Important protestations come from two groups: some religious and some secular. Religious group resist to alteration of life with this concept that any alteration in life using genetic engineering, insult to God decision, humanity and life. Secular also like religious have this belief or faith and assume genetic engineering and biotechnology as insult to humanity and life merit.
Conclusion: The analysis of the arguments of these two opponents based on the West ethical principles and the principles of Islamic ethics shows that using biotechnology with its ethical and scientific considerations toward life, not only insult to God decision, humanity and merit but also unusing of it in their concepts can reverse or violate humanity and merit
