Análisis de curvas de fuerza muscular en patinadores de élite contando con el apoyo de sistemas de soporte a la decisión y técnicas de descubrimiento de conocimiento

Caraça-Valente Hernández, Juan Pedro

Hernández Martín, I.

López Román, Antonio

López-Illescas, África

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Balance and Postural Control Assess in Elite Ice Skaters

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POSTER COMMUNICATIONS
VOLUMEN XXV - N.º 128 - 2008
585
A M D
Conclusions: The fastest players at the 30m sprinting test showed the fastest 
as well in all other distances and this may be advantage when performing short 
distances during the game.
Key words: Soccer. Sprint test. Sports performance.
Control of the tennis stroke and metabolic responses 
through a new specifi c tennis fi eld test
Caballero P1, Domínguez G1, De Teresa C2, Feriche B1
1Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Granada P; 
2Centro Andaluz de Medicina del Deporte, Junta de Andalucía. 
Granada
The endurance and success of stroke are some of the key point factors of tennis 
performance. There is a lack of specifi c fi eld tennis tests to prescribe and control 
training performance; therefore it is necessary to investigate on new fi eld test that 
allows relating the physiological parameters to the technical.
Aim: The aim of this preliminary study was to apply a new specifi c tennis fi eld 
test to know the relationship between the workload in metabolic zones and suc-
cess or effi ciency of stroke (ES) and determine a model of response.
Methods: The study was realized by 5 tennis players (age 23 ± 1,9 years; 
height 174.9 ± 5.7 cm; weight 68.1 ± 5.7 kg; training per week 8.2 ± 2 hours). 
All subjects performed two incremental protocols to exhaustion: laboratory test 
(treadmill test) and a tennis specifi c fi eld test. The fi eld test consisted of repeated 
strokes (forehand and backhand) during 1 min, with 20 sec of rest. In both tests, 
heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was monitored; the ven-
tilatory thresholds were determined in the laboratory test.
Results: The relationship between the metabolic zones by workload and ES was 
kept constant ( 60% ES) up to work near anaerobic threshold, where it started 
to decrease ( 10 % ES per workload).
We have obtained three different types of response: a) Type 1: better ES in mixed 
zone, b) Type 2: better ES in aerobic zone, c) Type 3: ES stable in the 3 zones. 
Conclusion: The new specifi c tennis fi eld test is a practical tool that allows an 
objective control of the training performance. The effi ciency of stroke is better in 
aerobic zone (before VT1), maintain a regular response in mixed zone (between 
VT1-VT2) and decrease near anaerobic threshold (VT2).
We fi nd three types of response: Type 1 mixed, Type 2 aerobic and Type 3 
stable.
Key words: Field test. Tennis performance. Success of stroke.
Balance and postural control assess in elite ice 
skaters
López-Illescas A1, Hernández Martín I1, López Román A2, Caraça 
Valente JP3
Groups 10m 20m 30m
Q2 0.39 0.65 0.95
Q3 0.71 1.18 1.56
Q4 1.10 1.87 2.57
Table 2. Aguiló A, et al. Mean distances (m) of the athletes of the Q1 compared to the 
athletes of the other groups.
1High Sports Council (Spain); 2“Alfonso X El Sabio” University 
(Madrid, Spain); 3Universidad Politécnica (Madrid, Spain) 
Regarding biomechanics, ice skating requires dynamic and static postural control 
of neuromuscular balance and coordination features as well as skills which are 
far more important than those essential for other sports or every day life activi-
ties. Especially within elite ice skating, mainly in technical gestures such as “take 
off” and “landing” of jumps.
The Neurocom Balance Master device provides basic technology to assess such 
features.
Objectives:
– Determine whether Neurocom Balance Master allows to assess and 
discriminate balance, coordination and postural control skills within ice 
skating.
– Determine which parameters are more suitable and discriminative to assess 
ice skaters` balance and coordination.
– Obtain data to increase the normative database within Spanish elite sports-
men and provide knowledge to improve training systems and performance.
Materials and methods: 
Subjects: 45 healthy elite ice skaters, 20 men and 20 women (age range, 12 – 17 
years). 
Control Group: 60 students (who didn’t practice any sport, age range, 15 – 20 
years)
Instruments: Neurocom Balance Master Posturographer.
Protocol:  1. Specifi c warm up; 2. Three repetitions of each of the following tests 
(Table 1); 3. Description of variables. The “t of Student” was used to analyse 
independent samples. (Statistics pack SPSS. 15.00)
Results and conclusions:
1. Posturography assess using Neurocom Balance Master allows a suitable 
discrimination of balance and coordination features in elite ice skaters.
2. The most discriminative parameter was the sway of Centre of Gravity 
(COG)’s shift in the test CTSIB (modifi ed), when the sportman is on a foam 
surface with closed eyes.
3. Several parameters show a signifi cative difference if compared to the con-
trol group.
4. Men data regarding RWS test were higher than such data in women, 
showing a better velocity of reaction.
Data will be shown within graphs and tables.
In this trial, the results belong to data obtained along the development of the 
project: “ViiP: Intelligent System for Isokinetic and Posturographical Analy-
sing, Integration and Assess of the Spine”Financed by the Ministry of Science 
and Innovation. Research Head Offi ce Science and Technology I + D. Projects: 
africa.lopez@csd.mec.es
Key words: Balance master. Posturography. Skating. Balance. Medicine. Bio-
mechanic. Sport.
TRAINING AND PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT-IV
Assess of isokinetic trunk strength in elite basketball 
players
López-Illescas A1,2, Pérez Toledano JJ1, De Campos Gutiérrez de 
Calderón A1, Caraça Valente JP3
1High Sports Council (Spain); 2“Alfonso X El Sabio” University 
(Madrid, Spain); 3Universidad Politécnica (Madrid, Spain)
TESTS   PARAMETERS
Clinical Test of Sensory  Mean Center of
Interaction on Balance Gravity Sway Velocity
(modifi cated CTSIB)      
Limits of Stability (LOS) Reaction Time Movement Velocity Endpoint excursion Maximum Excursion Directional Control
Rhythmic Weight Shift On-Axis Velocity Directional Control   
Step/Quick Turn Mean Turn Time Mean Turn Sway   
Step Up/Over Mean Lift-Up Index Mean Movement Time Mean Impact Index  
Forward Lunge Mean Distance Mean Impact Index Mean Contact Time Mean Force Impulse 
Table 1. López-Illscas A, et al.


Balance and Postural Control Assess in Elite Ice Skaters

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