Flat bottom boat (Rowing Punt) 4.27M length overall (LOA) was designed and constructed using plywood and fiber glass materials. The boat posses features like easy construction stability and high capacity to carry load. Other features include  least cost light weight, shallow draft of 9cm easy maneuverability. The light displacement (weight empty) is 96.6kg which is similar to local boat of same size. The capacity of the boat 544kg (8 person) and total cost of production was N41,150.00 which is not beyond the reach of an average fisherman. The Rowing Punt easily propelled by oaring which makes it adequate for fishing activities on shallow water bodies. Such easily maneuvered craft can also be used for recreation which include, sport fishing, and boating

Abubakar, S.

Ibrahim, A.

Ibrahim, K.A.

Olaojo, O.

Yakubu, T.

Aquatic Commons

OBJECTIVES
The objectives ofthis project work are:
1. To design and construct a modern fishing boat that can replace the traditional fishing boats.
2. To produce a boat that is safe, cheap, affordable and acceptahle to the local fishermen.
ABSTRACT
Flat bottom boat (Rowing Punt) 4.27M length overall (LOA) was designed and constructed using plywood
and fibre glass materials. The boat posses features like easy construction stability and high capacity 10
carry load. Other features include least cost light weight, shallow draft of9cm easy maneuverability. The
light displacement (weight empty) is 96.6kg which is similar 10 local boat of same size. The capacity of the
boat 544kg (8person) and total cost of production was N41, 150.00 which is nOI beyond the reach of an
average fisherman. The Rowing Punt easily propelled by oaring which makes it adequate for fishing
activities on shallow water bodies. Such easily maneuvered craft can also he used/or recreation which
include, sportfishing, and boating
FEDERAL COLLEGE OF FRESHWATER FISHERiES TECHNOLOGY,
P. M. B. 1500, NEW 13USSA, NIGER STATE.
..
mRABIMA.,ABUB~S., IBRAHlMK.A.,OLAOJO. 0
and
YAKlIDU,T
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF 4.27M (LAO) ROWING
TRANSPORT BOAT (PUNT) FOR INLAND WATER BODIES.
INTRODUCTION
A rowing punt is referred to as any small flat-bottom boat ..'lith a square-cut bow, regardless of purpose,
building materials or method of propulsion. (Rivington 1983)
According to NRC (19SS) a fishing boat can be defined as a floating plat-form used to transport the crew,
gear and cargo to and from the fishing ground and to support Lhecrew equipments and fishing operations.
The local fishermen on the Jebba Lake make use of wooden boat and dugout canoes for fishing activities.
These crafts do not last long before it begins to leak; the wood used in constructing the cralt begins to
deteriorate due to decay by fungi and damages by insect. The joints of the boat are always fastened with
only nails leaving holes and spaces Lorleakages which have led to low productivity. Time and ellort used in
bailing out water could have being channeled into fishing activities on the water body. The fisher man
'would not have the courage to go far into the water body due to the fact that the craft is leaking fewer lands
would be carried. Poorly constructed could tear apart on the water body leading to losses of life.
Considering the dangers of using a poorly constructed traditional fishing boat, there is need for a
replacement. That prompted the design and construction of a 14ft Rowing Punt that is affordable and can
withstand the effect of turhulent water body like Jebba Lake (Omorodion 1983). The construction
materials were sourced locally, price is not beyond the reach of the local fishermen. The builders of this 14ft
Rowing Punt noted the deficiency of the traditional boat, worked and improved on it.
At the end of construction, a boat free from leakages because the wood of the boat was coated with a
mixture of chemicals which includes crystic resin. accelerator and catalyst so that the wood would be
water-proof and free from fungi attack.
COST ESTIMATE
Thecost ofthe rowing punt was calculated based on cost of construction materials and labor.
DETERMTh"ATION OF SPECIFICATIONS
The light displacement (weight empty) was determined by measuring weight of the punt after construction
with a spring weighing balance
Displaeemcnt was determined using
D=LD+DW, (Teale, 1981).
WhereD= Displacement
LD=Light displacement and
DW=Dead weight
FTNlSHING
The mixture of glue and fine saw dust was used to prepare a paste which was used to scam the angles
formed at which the bottom strips touches the side strips keel, transom and bow so as to prevent leakages.
Thisprocess is known as seam i11g
Fiber mat was placed along all the joints on the boat and a mixture of resin, catalyst and accelerator was
soaked by the fiber mat in other to keep the joints water tight both interior and exterior of the boat. After it
dried, rough edges were smoothed oITwith a disc-grinder. Exterior joints were coated with potty (mixture
of cellulose filler, resin, catalyst, and accelerator). It was left for few hours for proper drying rough edges
were made smooth and made even with the surface of the boat Finally it was painted with oil paint, until
thesurface of the boat got covered properly.
Construction
The construction materials included 3pieccs of 12.7nun thick.ness of plywood, 3pieces 304.8x25.4mm of
hardwood, full length of binding wire, nails fastening glue, filler, saw-dust and chemicals (crystic resin,
catalyst and accelerator) Carpentry tools and machines were also used.
The cutting pattern was measured, drawn and marked out on three sheets of plywood placed together on the
floor with their breadths touching the other. Hand jig saw was used to cut the plywood along the marked
lines in order to get the side strips, transom, bow and bottom strip. Three (3) frames were constructed
labeledA, Band C using hardwood.
The side stripes were formed by fastening 2 strips to get a full side strip with the help of a nail, glue and
plywood of G.35mm thickness. The two full side strips were joined to the transom and bow using binding
wire.The three (3) frames labelcdA, Band C was fixed into the strip so as to give shape and support,
Design
The designing ofthc craft was made possible with the aid of usual drawing instruments.
Painting materials used are include brushes, oil paint (red and blue) and thinner
The designing of a boat begins from the mind, observations and development of idea s. Tt is best developed
by translating mental picture into free hand sketch made with soft pencils Love (1979).
Therefore the data obtained from the freehand sketch of the boat was used to produce a scale drawing
(1:18.97) and the required design lines were put in place using drawing instrument. In order to achieve
accurate design of 14ft rowing punt (boat) the design guidelines according to Abubakar (2007) quoting
Chapcllc (1956)this stated beam=length/S, depth= 1/2 beam and draft=Iength/IO or20 were adopted.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
3. To increase fish production through artisanal fisheries.
FIGURE 2: DESIGN LAYOUT
FIG1JRE 1: BOAT DESIGN SKETCH
£NDVI£W
J
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The specification of the boat shows that the breadth overall (BOA) is 1.46m which is approximately
38% of the length overall (4.27m), while the depth is 0.4300 about 30% of the breadth overall (BOA).
These specifications are within the range of design guidelines according to Abubakar (2007). The
construction led to the production of a boat that has both fore and aft transom.
The boat is light (96.6kg) relative to its size. The light weight gives the punt increased dead weight, as it
flows at a shallow draft leaving greater part of the hull above the water line as freeboard, which means more
load could be carried.
Three pieces of plywood were used to construct the boat leaving no wastage of materials.
The cost of construction was N41,150.00, which is affordable when compared to the local canoe of same
sizes based on the national survey offishing crafts G'ilFFR,2002).
The boat was easily maneuvered when propelled by oaring as it floated at a shallow draft; this makes the
boat adequate for use on shallow water bodies such as pond and reservoirs.
Such easily maneuvered craft can also be used for recreation which include, sport fishing, and boating.
TESTING THE BOAT
Upon the completion of the boat, it was conveyed to the Kigerareservoir for testing. The boat was placed
on the water, it was allowed to float empty while the draft was recorded. The stability was observed and
leakages were checked jfthere was any.
The capacity was tested until the carrying capacity was reached, maximum of8 persons.
PLATE 2: SHOWS THE EMPTY BOAT ON WATER
PLATE1: THE CUTOUT STRIPS PLACED ON THE fLOOR
Table 1: Design data(cm)
Design coordinates FP 1 2 3 AP
Keel/ Chine HAIB 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.8
ShecrHAJB 3.4 3.3 3.0 2.8 3.4
SheerHIB 1.0 1.6 2.3 2.0 2.9
ChineIIIB 0.3 1.0 1.8 1.3 1.1
TabJe2: snecification ofthe boat
Length overall (LOA) 4.27m -,
Breadth overall (BOA) 1.46m
Moulded depth 0.43m
Draft 0.08m
Light displacement 96.6kg
Displacement 640.6kg
Deadweight S44kg
Scale 1:18.97
Table 3: scantling sizes and cost of.nroduction
Material Size Quantity Unit Amount
Plywood 12mm 3sht 2,800.00 8400.00
Hardwood 25X25mm 3No 1200.00
Binding wire 2mmroll 2rl 100 200.00
Wire nail Assorted 5Ib 200.00 1000.00
Glue lkg 3kg 400.00 1200.00
Glosspaint gal. 3g1 2500.00 7500.00
Fibreglass mat kg 4kg 850 3400.00
Resinand reagents 5kg 1500 7500.00
Sandingdisc No 3no 250 750.00
labourcost 8,000.00
Totalcost N4J,150.00
'.
RRFEREl'I CES
Abubakar.S (2007). Design and construction ofan improved Flatbottom
Fishing Canoe. In the 21sf annual conference proceeding of
FISON, calaber 2006. Pp335-347
Chapelle, H.I (1956),Doat building, ehund bookoJwooden
Boat construction, Brdford andDicken publishers, Great Britain.
Pp.27-48,235p.
Love G. (1979) The theory and practice ofwoodwork. Longman publishers,
London, 4th ed. 156p.
NIFFR;(2002), National Survey of Fishing gears andCrafts on
Nigerian InlandWaterBodies.National lnstitutefor Freshwater
Fisheries Research Occasionalpaper No:4. 54pNew-Bussa,
Nigeria.
Rivington, RobertT. (19~3).Punting: ItsHistory and Techniques.Oxford:
R. T.Rivington. ISBN 0-9508045-2-5 (hardcover), ISBN 0-
9508045-1-7 (soft cover)
TealeJ. (1981)The wonderful world of flaties, motor boat and yacthing,
I.P.Ctransportpress LTD,SURREY 156p.
CO~CLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
The rowing punt have light weight, it is cheap and easy to construct, ability to float on a shallow draft,
adequate stability, casy maneuverability and the boat is protected from bio-detcrioration and fungi action
with the help preservatives, a mixture of crystic resin accelerator, catalyst. These important qualities are
adequate for a craft needed for artisanal fishing activities on inlandwater bodies.
This craft is recommended for use on less turbulent water inland water bodies, hence it can be
introduced to fishermen operating on calm water bodies as a replacement of the locally built canoes
which are known for short lifespan, low capacities and leakages.
It is recommended that same technology be used to construct larger boat for use on bigger water bodies
for transportation, fishing activities and for recreation and sports.


Design and construction of 4.27M (LOA) rowing transport boat (punt) for inland water bodies

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Design and construction of 4.27M (LOA) rowing transport boat (punt) for inland water bodies

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